Tiyeni tingophunzira za Ischemic Cardiomyopathy, matenda omwe mtima umafooka chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa magazi.

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati simungathe kukwera masitepe kapena kuyenda mtunda wautali monga kale? Kodi mumavutika kupuma ngakhale mukuchita ntchito zazing'ono? Kapena mapazi anu amatupa ndipo simungathe kuvala nsapato zanu? Ngakhale anthu ambiri amaona izi ngati kutopa kwachibadwa, nthawi zina pangakhale chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa izi. Lero tikambirana za vuto lotere, lomwe ndi 'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy', matenda omwe minofu ya mtima imafooka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi kupita kumtima.

Mwachidule, kodi Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti thupi lathu ndi mzinda waukulu. Kenako mtima ndiye malo opopera madzi omwe amapereka madzi mumzindawo. Kuti malo opopera madziwa (mtima) upitirize kugwira ntchito, umafunikanso gwero lina lamagetsi, lomwe ndi, malo operekera magazi. Mitsempha yamagazi iyi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima timaitcha kuti mitsempha ya mtima.

Tangoganizirani, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mitsempha ya mtima yayamba kutsekeka? Monga momwe mapaipi amadzi amatsekekera ndi dothi ndipo madzi amachepa, zinthu monga cholesterol ndi mafuta zimayikidwa mkati mwa mitsempha iyi ndipo magazi amachepa. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha Matenda a Mitsempha ya Mtima .

Pamene magazi achepa, minofu ya mtima silandira mpweya ndi zakudya zomwe zimafunikira. Monga momwe mtengo umafera pang'onopang'ono ukasowa madzi, minofu ya mtima imayambanso kufooka ndikuwonongeka. Pakapita nthawi, mtima wofookawu sungathe kupopa magazi omwe thupi limafunikira. Ventricular yakumanzere, chipinda chachikulu chopopera cha mtima, chimafooka ndikukulitsidwa. Uwu ndiye mkhalidwe wonse womwe timautcha `Ischemic Cardiomyopathy`.

Mwachidule, matendawa ndi vuto lomwe minofu ya mtima imafooka chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtima usathe kupopa magazi . Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha kulephera kwa mtima padziko lonse lapansi.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti? Kodi timazizindikira bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikirozi sizimawonekera nthawi imodzi. Zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zingapo zodziwika bwino.

N’chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika? Kodi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi ziti?

Monga tafotokozera kale, chifukwa chachikulu ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima.Izi zikutanthauza kuti mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita kumtima imatsekedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kudwala kwa mtima komwe kunachitika kale ndi komwe kumayambitsa vuto lalikulu. Kudwala kwa mtima kumachitika pamene magazi opita ku gawo lina la mtima amatsekedwa kwathunthu ndipo minofu yomwe ili mu gawolo imafa.

Chifukwa chake, zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mitsempha ya mtima zimathandizanso pakukula kwa `Ischemic Cardiomyopathy`.

Zinthu zoopsa:

• Kuthamanga kwa Magazi Kwambiri: Kuthamanga kwa magazi kukakwera, mitsempha yamagazi imawonongeka ndipo mwayi woti cholesterol ilowe mkati mwake umawonjezeka.
• Matenda a shuga: Matenda a shuga amachititsanso kuwonongeka kwa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi.
• Cholesterol Yaikulu: Pamene kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoipa (LDL) m'magazi kukukwera, kumayikidwa m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi.
• Kusuta fodya (kusuta): Kusuta fodya ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, abale ndi alongo) anali ndi matenda a mtima ali wamng'ono, inunso muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Kunenepa Kwambiri ndi Kunenepa Kwambiri: Mukalemera, mtima wanu umagwira ntchito molimbika. Zimawonjezeranso chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi cholesterol.
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kukhala moyo wongokhala ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha izi.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, choyamba adzamvetsera mosamala zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri ya matenda a m'banja mwanu. Kenako adzafufuza thupi lanu. Kuphatikiza apo, adzalamula mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa.

• Kuyezetsa Magazi: Kuyang'ana zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndi momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Kuyeza kumeneku kumalemba momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito ndipo kungathandize kudziwa ngati pakhala pali vuto la mtima kapena ngati pali vuto lililonse pa kayendedwe ka mtima.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Yang'anani ngati mtima ndi madzi m'mapapo zakula.
• Echocardiogram (Echo): Izi zili ngati kusanthula mtima. Zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kuti zione bwino zipinda za mtima, ma valve, ndi momwe minofu ya mtima ikupopera (Ejection Fraction). Iyi ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri pozindikira matendawa.
• Mayeso a Kupsinjika Maganizo Ochita Maseŵera Olimbitsa Thupi: ECG imatengedwa mukamayenda pa treadmill kuti muwone ngati mtima wanu ukupeza magazi okwanira mukamachita maseŵero olimbitsa thupi.
• Kuyeza kwa Catheterization ya Mtima / Angiogram: Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira ngati mitsempha yamagazi ya mtima wanu yatsekedwa. Chubu chopyapyala chimalowetsedwa kudzera mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena mwendo wanu, ndikulowetsedwa mu mitsempha yamtima, utoto wapadera umalowetsedwa, ndipo X-ray imatengedwa. Izi zikusonyeza momwe mitsempha yamagazi imatsekekera.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Pali zolinga zitatu zazikulu za chithandizo:

1. Chithandizo chomwe chimayambitsa (monga matenda a mitsempha ya mtima).

2. Kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a mtima.

3. Kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuwongolera moyo wabwino.

Pachifukwa ichi, njira zingapo zothandizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi.

1. Mankhwala (mitundu ya mankhwala)

Mankhwala operekedwa pachifukwa ichi amachepetsa mtolo pamtima, amathandiza kuti mtima ugwire bwino ntchito, komanso kupewa mavuto ena.

Zofunika:Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani monga momwe mwalangizidwira, panthawi yoyenera, komanso mu mlingo woyenera. Musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu kapena kusintha mlingo nokha.

2. Kusintha kwa moyo

Kuchita zinthu zimenezi n’kofunika mofanana ndi kumwa mankhwala.

• Kuchepetsa mchere: Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe mumadya patsiku. Mchere si mchere wokhawo womwe mumawonjezera muzakudya zanu. Palinso mchere wobisika muzinthu monga zakudya zokonzedwa, sosi, ketchup, mabisiketi, ndi buledi.
• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Malinga ndi uphungu wa dokotala wanu, chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pamlingo womwe mungathe. Ngakhale kungoyenda kwa mphindi 30 patsiku ndikwabwino.
• Pewani kusuta: Ngati mukusuta, siyani kusuta konse.
• Zakudya Zopatsa Thanzi: Idyani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, ndi tirigu wambiri. Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, shuga, ndi ufa.
• Kuchepetsa kulemera: Sungani kulemera koyenera malinga ndi kutalika kwanu.

3. Opaleshoni ndi mankhwala ena

Ngati vutoli silingathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala ndi kusintha moyo kokha, dokotala angakutumizireni njira zina zochiritsira.

• Angioplasty ndi Stents: Pa angiogram, mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa umadzazidwa ndi chipangizo chonga baluni, ndipo chipangizo chaching'ono chonga mesh chotchedwa stent chimayikidwa mkati kuti chisatsekedwenso.
• Opaleshoni ya Coronary Artery Bypass: Ngati mtsempha wamagazi watsekedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana, njira yatsopano imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mtsempha wamagazi wotengedwa kuchokera mbali ina ya thupi (mwendo kapena chifuwa) kuti udutse malo otsekedwawo. Izi zimatchedwa opaleshoni ya 'bypass'.
• Zipangizo Zoyimitsira: Ngati kugunda kwa mtima sikuli bwino kapena mphamvu ya mtima yopopa ndi yofooka kwambiri, chipangizo chamagetsi chaching'ono monga `ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator)` kapena `CRT (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy)` chikhoza kuikidwa pansi pa khungu la chifuwa. Izi zimalamulira kamvekedwe ka mtima.
• Kusamutsa Mtima: Kusamutsa mtima kwabwino kumaonedwa ngati njira yomaliza kwa odwala omwe ali m'magawo ovuta kwambiri a matendawa omwe sanalandire chithandizo china chilichonse.

Kodi matendawa angapewedwe?

Inde, ndithudi. Njira yabwino yopewera `Ischemic Cardiomyopathy` ndikupewa matenda a mitsempha ya mtima omwe amachititsa kuti isakule. Izi zikutanthauza kuwongolera zinthu zomwe zatikhudza kale.

• Idyani zakudya zabwino.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Lamulirani kulemera kwa thupi lanu.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena cholesterol, samalani bwino malinga ndi malangizo a dokotala wanu.
• Lamulirani kupsinjika maganizo.

Kodi muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo liti (ETU)?

Ngati muli ndi matendawa kapena muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Ngati muli ndi ululu waukulu pachifuwa kapena mukumva kupsinjika pachifuwa chanu.
• Ngati mukumva kuvutika kwambiri kupuma.
• Ngati mukumva tulo kapena chizungulire.

Popeza izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, kufunafuna chithandizo popanda kuwononga nthawi kungapulumutse miyoyo.