Kodi pali chotupa chachilendo m'dera lanu la nsagwada? Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za Ziphuphu za Nsagwada ndi Zotupa!

Kodi munayamba mwaonapo chotupa chaching'ono mkamwa mwanu kapena m'nsagwada yanu ndipo munadzifunsa kuti chinali chiyani? Kapena munayamba mwachitapo mantha dokotala wa mano atayang'ana X-ray yanu nati, "Pali kanthu kakang'ono apa"? Ngakhale kuti zinthuzi sizachilendo kwenikweni, zimatha kuchitika kwa aliyense. Choncho lero, tiyeni tikambirane za Jaw Cysts ndi Tumors.

Kodi ma cysts ndi zotupa za nsagwada izi ndi ziti?

Mwachidule, izi ndi zotupa zomwe zingapangidwe mkamwa mwanu, pa mafupa a nsagwada yanu (kuphatikizapo mano anu), kapena pa minofu yofewa. Chipolopolo cha nsagwada ndi thumba lodzaza ndi madzi kapena chinthu chopanda madzimadzi. Taganizirani ngati chithupsa chaching'ono, koma chimapangidwa mkati mwa minofu. Koma chotupa, kumbali ina, ndi minofu yolimba yomwe imapangidwa ndi maselo osazolowereka. Zotupa zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda vuto, kapena sizimayambitsa khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimatha kukula, kukhudza minofu ya nkhope ndi pakamwa panu, koma nthawi zambiri sizifalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi lanu.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu kapena zotupa zokhudzana ndi nsagwada izi zimatha kukhala zowopsa, kapena khansa. Madokotala amatchanso khansa ya nsagwada iyi. Ngati sizikuchiritsidwa, ziphuphu ndi zotupa izi zimatha kufalikira kupitirira nsagwada yanu kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi lanu.

Choncho, ngati muwona ziphuphu zatsopano m'dera lanu la nsagwada kapena mkamwa mwanu, ndikofunikira kuziwonetsa kwa dokotala. Ngakhale ngati chotupa kapena chotupa chili chopanda vuto, mitundu ina ingayambitse ululu, kuwononga fupa la nsagwada, kapena ngakhale kusokoneza mano.

Kodi mitundu ya ziphuphu ndi zotupa za nsagwada ndi ziti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma cysts ndi zotupa zokhudzana ndi nsagwada. Madokotala amawagawa m'magulu awiri: abwinobwino kapena oipa, komanso kaya amayamba m'maselo okhudzana ndi kukula kwa dzino (odontogenic cysts ndi zotupa) kapena m'maselo ena (nonodontogenic cysts ndi zotupa).

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya zotupa zosavulaza za nsagwada ndi zotupa

Kawirikawiri, izi si khansa, kutanthauza kuti, mitundu 'yoyipa' ya zotupa ndi zotupa. Tiyeni tiwone zazikulu:

• Ameloblastoma: Ichi ndi chotupa chomwe chimakula pang'onopang'ono, chomwe chimachokera ku minofu yomwe imapanga mano. Nthawi zambiri chimakula m'nsagwada yanu yapansi, pafupi ndi mano anu akumbuyo (molars). Ngakhale nthawi zambiri chimakhala chosaopsa, mitundu ina ya ameloblastoma imatha kukhala yoopsa pakapita nthawi. Ngakhale kuti ndi chotupa chosaopsa, nthawi zina chimatha kukula mokwanira kusintha mawonekedwe a nsagwada yanu kapena kuwononga mano anu.
• Granuloma ya selo lalikulu lapakati:Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa chotupa chosaopsa chomwe sichimayambitsa matenda. Nthawi zambiri chimapezeka kutsogolo kwa nsagwada yapansi. Komabe, chimapezekanso ku nsagwada ya pamwamba. Zotupa zambiri zimayambitsa kutupa kwa nsagwada popanda kupweteka. Komabe, zotupa zomwe zimakula mofulumira zimatha kuyambitsa kutupa kowawa komanso kusuntha dzino.
• Ma cysts a mano: Uwu ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa odontogenic cyst, wochokera ku minofu yomwe imapanga mano. Izi ndi ma cysts omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono omwe amapangidwa mozungulira minofu ya mano osaphulika mkamwa. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pafupi ndi mano anu akumbuyo (molars). Nthawi zina, amapezekanso pafupi ndi agalu akumtunda, omwe ndi mano mbali zonse ziwiri za mano anu akutsogolo.
• Ma cysts a Odontogenic: Awa ndi ma cysts omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri amapangika pafupi ndi mano akumbuyo (molars). Ma cysts ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri samakhala opweteka, koma ma cysts akuluakulu angayambitse kutupa kowawa. Ma cysts awa nthawi zina amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda obadwa nawo otchedwa Gorlin syndrome . Matendawa amawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi ma cysts a odontogenic komanso mitundu ina ya khansa ya pakhungu.
• Myxoma / myxofibroma yotupa: Ichi ndi chotupa chosaopsa chomwe chimakula pang'onopang'ono. Komabe, chotupachi chingakule mokwanira kuwononga nsagwada yanu ndikuchotsa mano.
• Odontoma: Ichi ndi chotupa chodziwika bwino komanso chosaopsa. Mtundu umodzi nthawi zambiri umapezeka m'nsagwada yapansi ndipo uli ndi mawonekedwe angapo ofanana ndi dzino ('mtundu wa compound'). Mtundu wina nthawi zambiri umapezeka m'nsagwada yapamwamba ndipo uli ndi minofu yolakwika yomwe siili ngati mano ('mtundu wovuta').
• Matenda a Periapical cysts: Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa matenda a nsagwada. Amayamba chifukwa cha kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa dzino.

Ziphuphu ndi Zotupa Zosowa Kwambiri za Nsagwada

Mwamwayi, zotupa za nsagwada ndi ma cysts a khansa, kapena 'oopsa' sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Carcinoma: Iyi ndi mtundu wa khansa womwe umayambira m'maselo omwe ali m'ziŵalo, m'njira zamkati, komanso pakhungu.
• Sarcoma: Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'mafupa kapena minofu yofewa yozungulira.
• Carcinosarcoma: Iyi ndi kuphatikiza kwa mitundu yonse iwiri ya khansa, `(Carcinoma)` ndi `(Sarcoma).`

Kodi ma cysts ndi zotupa zokhudzana ndi nsagwadazi ndi zofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, zotupa ndi ziphuphu zokhudzana ndi nsagwada sizofala kwambiri. Komabe, mitundu yoopsa kapena khansa ndi yosowa kwambiri.

Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu m'madera ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, ku North America, 1% yokha ya zotupa zosazolowereka mkamwa ndi zotupa za odontogenic. Komabe, m'maiko ena aku Africa, chiwerengerochi ndi chokwera kufika pa 20%.

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti ngati ndili ndi chotupa kapena chotupa m'nsagwada yanga?

Nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu ndi zotupa izi zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo sizimayambitsa zizindikiro. Simungadziwe kuti muli ndi chimodzi pokhapokha ngati chapezeka mwangozi panthawi ya X-ray ya mano kapena mayeso ojambulira ngati pali vuto lina la mutu ndi khosi.

Komabe, pamene zotupazo zikukula, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zayamba kulowa m'thupi lathanzi lapafupi, zizindikiro zimatha kuwonekera. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Ululu, kuuma, kapena dzanzi m'dera la nsagwada.
• Kutupa (izi zitha kukhala zopweteka kapena zitha kutha).
• Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a nkhope yanu.
• Chotupa chatsopano mu fupa la nsagwada (ichi chingakhale cholimba kapena chofewa).
• Kusintha kwa momwe mano amakumana (Kusintha kuluma).
• Kupukuta mano.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa ziphuphu ndi zotupa zimenezi?

Ziphuphu zambiri za nsagwada ndi zotupa zimakula chifukwa maselo omwe amathandiza kuti mano azigwira ntchito molakwika, kupanga zotupa kapena matumba odzaza madzi (cysts). Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika mu kukula kwa ``odontogenic``. Komabe, maselo safunika kutenga nawo mbali pakupanga mano kuti akule molakwika.

Kukula kwa maselo kosazolowereka nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa DNA (masinthidwe a majini) . Monga mukudziwa, DNA ndi code yomwe imauza maselo athu momwe angakulire komanso nthawi yoti asiye. Pakakhala mavuto ndi code iyi, njira yogawanika kwa maselo imatha kusokonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukula kosafunikira kuchitike.

Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Gorlin (nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome) ali ndi kusintha kwa maselo komwe kumapangitsa kuti maselo apitirize kugawikana ngakhale atasiya kugawikana. Zotsatira zake, anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda ambiri a odontogenic keratocysts. Amakhalanso ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa ya basal cell, mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya pakhungu.

Kodi ziphuphu ndi zotupa zimenezi zimapezeka bwanji?

Dokotala wanu adzawunikanso zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndikukupimani thupi. Mayeso ojambulira zithunzi angasonyeze zotupa kapena ma cysts mkati ndi mozungulira nsagwada yanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• X-ray.
• Kujambula zithunzi za maginito (MRI).
• Kujambula kwa CT (CT scan).

Kuphatikiza apo, mungafunike kuchitidwa biopsy . Mu biopsy, dokotala amatenga chitsanzo cha madzi kapena minofu kuchokera ku kukula. Katswiri wa matenda amafufuza chitsanzocho pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti awone mitundu ya maselo omwe alimo. Izi zingathandize dokotala wanu kudziwa:

• Kodi muli ndi mtundu wanji wa chotupa kapena chotupa?
• Kodi ndi 'choyipa' kapena 'choyipa'?
• Kodi ikukula pang'onopang'ono kapena ndi yankhanza?

Zinthu zonsezi zimathandiza dokotala wanu kusankha njira zabwino zochiritsira.

Kodi ziphuphu ndi zotupa zimenezi zimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Anthu ambiri amafunika kuchotsedwa chotupa kapena chotupa kudzera mu opaleshoni . Kuwonjezera pa kuchotsa chotupacho, dokotala wanu angachotsenso minofu yomwe yakhudzidwa. Izi zingaphatikizepo mano owonongeka, kapena mbali zina za nsagwada yapansi kapena nsagwada yapamwamba. Opaleshoni yochotsa mbali zina za nsagwada yapansi imatchedwa mandibulectomy , ndipo opaleshoni yochotsa nsagwada yonse kapena mbali ina imatchedwa maxillectomy .

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mungafunike chithandizo chonga ichi kuti mukonzenso nsagwada yanu ndikuthandiza pakuchira:

• Opaleshoni yokonzanso: Kuti nsagwada yanu iwoneke ngati momwe inalili chotupa chisanayambe, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito fupa kuchokera ku mbali ina ya thupi lanu (monga chiuno chanu, phewa lanu, kapena mwendo wanu wapansi).
• Ma implants a mano: Mungafunike kuyika mano opangidwa kuti mulowe m'malo mwa mano omwe dokotala wanu wachotsa.
• Chithandizo cha kulankhula: Ngati mukuvutika kulankhula kapena kutchula mawu momveka bwino mutachita opaleshoni, katswiri wa matenda a kulankhula (SLP) angakuthandizeni.
• Malangizo pa zakudya: Mungafunike kuonana ndi katswiri, monga katswiri wa zakudya kapena katswiri wa zakudya, kuti akupatseni malangizo pa zakudya zomwe zili zotetezeka kudya pamene mukuchira.

Ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'nsagwada, dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso mankhwala a khansa, monga radiation therapy ndi/kapena chemotherapy . Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa inu chidzadalira mtundu wa chotupa kapena cyst yomwe muli nayo.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati ndili ndi chotupa kapena chotupa m'nsagwada?

Ma cysts ambiri a nsagwada ndi zotupa zimatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni. Komabe, kutengera mtundu wake, mungafunike kupitiliza kupita kuchipatala kuti mukawone ngati pali zotupa zatsopano.

Mwachitsanzo, ma cysts a periapical, odontomas, ndi dentigerous cysts nthawi zambiri sabwereranso pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Komabe, central giant cell granuloma, odontogenic myxoma, ndi odontogenic keratocysts zimatha kubwereranso. Ameloblastoma imabweranso pafupifupi 20% ya milandu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupeza upangiri wa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi ululu kapena kutupa m'nsagwada yanu, kapena mukuwona kusintha kwa mawonekedwe anu, monga chotupa m'nsagwada yanu kapena mano otayirira, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha chotupa, chotupa, kapena vuto lina la mano lomwe dokotala angachiritse.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupitiliza kukaonana ndi dokotala wa mano. Kujambula mano nthawi zonse kungathe kuzindikira chotupa kapena chotupa chikadali chaching'ono ndipo sichimayambitsa zizindikiro.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu:

• Ndi mtundu wanji wa chotupa kapena chotupa chomwe ndili nacho?
• Kodi ndi yabwino kapena yoopsa?
• Kodi ndikufunika opaleshoni?
• Kodi pali mwayi wotani kuti izi zichitikenso pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
• Kodi ndiyenera kudzisamalira bwanji ndikachira opaleshoni?

Kodi ndiyenera kuda nkhawa liti ndi chotupa pa nsagwada?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingayambitse chotupa pa nsagwada. Zambiri mwa izo sizowopsa mokwanira. Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu monga ma cysts ndi zotupa, kapena zitha kukhala chinthu chosavuta monga momwe zimakhalira ndi ziwengo kapena kutupa kwa lymph node .

Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti zotupa zambiri zosapweteka zimakhala zofewa komanso zosunthika zikakhudzidwa. Ngati chotupacho chili ndi khansa, nthawi zambiri chimakhala cholimba. Chosiyana ndi izi ndi khansa yotchedwa liposarcoma , yomwe imatha kumveka ngati chotupa chofewa komanso chosunthika.

Ngati muli ndi chotupa chatsopano, sichidzatha, chimapweteka, ndipo chikusokoneza kayendetsedwe ka nsagwada yanu - ndiye nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ngakhale kuti ziphuphu zambiri za m'nsagwada ndi zotupa zake sizabwino, kapena sizimayambitsa khansa, nthawi zambiri mumataya mtima mukazindikira kuti muli ndi vuto lomwe limafuna opaleshoni. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzichotsa zisanabweretse zizindikiro zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhala nazo, monga kupweteka ndi kutupa mkamwa. Ngati mukuvutika kale ndi zizindikirozi, opaleshoni ingathandize kuzichotsa kwathunthu. Funsani dokotala wanu za njira zochiritsira komanso zotsatira zake pa mtundu wanu wa chotupa kapena chotupa. Musanyalanyaze chilichonse chachilendo mkamwa mwanu kapena m'nsagwada. Ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri wa dokotala mwachangu momwe mungathere.

` Ma cysts a m'kamwa, khansa ya m'kamwa, cysts za m'kamwa, cysts za mano, thanzi la mkamwa, cysts za m'kamwa, zotupa za m'kamwa, khansa ya m'kamwa