Kodi pali munthu wokalamba m'banja mwanu, mwina amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena agogo anu, amene akuiwala kwambiri ndipo akuoneka kuti ali ndi nkhawa pang'ono? Kodi zikuonekanso kuti miyendo yawo ikukoka pansi akamayenda, ndipo thupi lawo likuoneka lolimba pang'ono? Kodi nthawi zina mumamva zinthu monga, "Ndani ameneyo amene wakhala pampando?" pamene palibe wina m'chipindamo? Mukawona zinthu ngati izi, mwina mumaopa. Mungadzifunse ngati iyi ndi matenda a Alzheimer's, kapena china chake. Lero tikulankhula za vuto lomwe limabwera ndi zizindikirozi, koma silimakambidwa kwambiri m'gulu la anthu. Limenelo ndi Lewy Body Dementia.
Mwachidule, kodi Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) ndi chiyani?
Chabwino, tiyeni tinene mwachidule. Tili ndi maselo mamiliyoni ambiri muubongo wathu. Maselo amenewa amalankhulana kuti azilamulira chilichonse chomwe timaganiza, kuchita, ndi kuchita. Mu vuto lotchedwa Lewy body dementia (LBD), mtundu wina wa mapuloteni osadziwika bwino otchedwa Lewy bodies umayamba kusonkhana mkati mwa maselo a ubongo. Taganizirani ngati mulu wa zinyalala m'nyumba mwathu. Kuchulukana kwa mapuloteni osafunikira kumeneku kumawononga maselo a ubongo ndikuwaletsa kugwira ntchito bwino. Izi zimakhudza kukumbukira, kuganiza, mayendedwe a thupi, ndi khalidwe.
Imeneyi ndi matenda opitirira muyeso . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zizindikiro sizibwera mwadzidzidzi. Zimayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimaipiraipira pakapita nthawi. LBD ndi mtundu wachiwiri wofala kwambiri wa matenda a dementia mwa akuluakulu, pambuyo pa matenda a Alzheimer's.
Chofunika ndichakuti, uku si ukalamba wamba. Uku ndi matenda omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa ndikuwongoleredwa. Choncho ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya LBD iyi.
Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya LBD. Zizindikiro za zonsezi n'zofanana kwambiri. Koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimayamba poyamba. Anthu ena amayamba ndi mavuto okumbukira, pomwe ena amayamba ndi zinthu monga kuvutika kuyenda.
Tiyeni tiwone mitundu iwiriyi.
| Mtundu wa LBD | Mbali Yaikulu |
|---|---|
| Matenda amisala okhala ndi matupi a Lewy (DLB) | Mu mtundu uwu, mavuto okhudza kuganiza ndi kukumbukira amayamba poyamba, monga matenda a Alzheimer's. Mavuto oyenda, monga kuuma ndi kunjenjemera, amayamba pambuyo pake, kapena angayambe nthawi yomweyo mavuto okumbukira. |
| Matenda a Parkinson's dementia | Mu mtundu uwu, mavuto okhudza kuyenda kwa thupi amayamba poyamba. Mofanana ndi matenda a Parkinson. Zinthu monga kugwirana chanza, kuvutika kuyenda, ndi kuuma zimayamba poyamba. Mavuto okumbukira ndi kuganiza amabwera pambuyo pake, nthawi zina mpaka chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake. |
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa zingakhale zotani?
LBD imatha kubwera ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Zizindikirozi sizimachitika mofanana kwa aliyense. Zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Zizindikiro zina zitha kupezeka tsiku lina kenako n’kutha tsiku lotsatira. Umu ndi momwe matendawa alili.
Tiyeni tigawane zizindikiro izi m'zigawo.
| Mtundu wa khalidwe | Zinthu zoti muwone |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro za Kuzindikira | |
| Kuona zinthu zomwe sizilipo (Visual Hallucinations) | Ichi ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri cha anthu odwala matenda a LBD. Chimakupangitsani kumva ngati mukuona anthu, nyama, kapena mawonekedwe omwe palibe. |
| Kusinthasintha kwa chidwi ndi chidziwitso | Nthawi ina, mungakhale tcheru kwambiri komanso olankhula, ndipo nthawi ina, mungakhale ogona kwambiri komanso osokonezeka. Zinthu zimenezi zimatha kusintha ngakhale nthawi yomweyo. |
| Kulephera kukumbukira ndi kupanga zisankho | Kuiwala zinthu, kuvutika kupanga zisankho, komanso kusatha kupeza mawu. |
| Zizindikiro za Kusuntha | |
| Kulimba kwa thupi | Minofu imauma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupindika kapena kuwongola miyendo. |
| Kugwedezeka | Manja akunjenjemera, makamaka akamapuma. |
| Kuchepetsa kuyenda | Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kukweza mapazi, kugwa pafupipafupi komanso kulephera kukhazikika bwino. Kusaoneka bwino pankhope. |
| Mavuto Ogona | |
| Matenda a REM Sleep Behavior | Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri choyambirira. Zinthu monga kufuula uli mtulo, kugwedeza manja ndi miyendo yako, ndikugwa pabedi. |
| Kugona kwambiri masana | Kumva tulo tochuluka masana, ngakhale usiku utagona bwino. |
| Zizindikiro za Maganizo ndi Khalidwe | |
| Kuvutika maganizo | Kutaya chidwi ndi chilichonse, nthawi zonse kumva chisoni komanso kukhumudwa. |
| Nkhawa ndi kusakhazikika | Kumva mantha komanso nkhawa popanda chifukwa. |
| Zonyenga | Kukhulupirira kwambiri zinthu zomwe si zoona. Mwachitsanzo, winawake akuyesera kukupherani poizoni kapena kuba ndalama zanu mwachinsinsi. |
N’chifukwa chiyani matendawa amapezeka? Kodi zinthu zoopsa ndi ziti?
Ndipotu, madokotala sakudziwabe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe anthu ena amakhalira ndi matupi a Lewy muubongo mwawo ndipo ena sadziwa. Komabe, apeza zinthu zina zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo chotenga matendawa.
- Zaka: Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50.
- Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wachibale wapafupi m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi matenda a LBD kapena Parkinson, mungakhale ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka pang'ono chotenga matendawa.
- Majini: Majini ena, monga `(APOE)` ndi `(GBA)`, apezeka kuti akuwonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matendawa. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti aliyense amene ali ndi majini amenewo adzakhala ndi LBD.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola?
Ili ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. Palibe mayeso amodzi omwe angapeze matenda a LBD molondola. Chifukwa chake, dokotala amaphatikiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuchotsa matenda ena, ndikupeza yankho lolondola. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo gulu la akatswiri ogwira ntchito limodzi.
Njira yodziwira matenda nthawi zambiri imakhala motere.
1. Kulankhula za mbiri yanu ya matenda: Kufunsa za zizindikiro zanu, nthawi yomwe zinayamba, komanso ngati pali wina aliyense m'banja mwanu amene wakhala ndi matenda ofanana ndi anu.
2. Kuyezetsa thupi ndi mitsempha: Izi zidzayang'ana kukumbukira kwanu, luso lanu loganiza bwino, kulinganiza bwino, ndi mphamvu ya minofu yanu.
3. Mayeso osiyanasiyana amalamulidwa:
- Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani ngati zizindikirozi zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda ena (monga kusowa kwa mavitamini, mavuto a chithokomiro).
- Kujambula ubongo: Kujambula kwa CT kapena MRI kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza mavuto ena, monga chotupa cha muubongo kapena sitiroko. Mitundu ina yapadera ya kujambulidwa (SPECT, PET) ingaperekenso chidziwitso chokhudza momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito.
- Kuphunzira za kugona: Izi zingathandize kutsimikizira ngati pali zizindikiro zilizonse za kuyenda tulo.
4. Kufunafuna thandizo la madokotala odziwa bwino ntchito:Kufuna thandizo kwa katswiri wa mitsempha, wamisala, kapena wachikulire.
Mwa kuphatikiza chidziwitso chonsechi, madokotala angaganize kuti ichi ndi "LBD yotheka."
Kodi pali mankhwala ochizira izi? Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi zizindikiro zake?
Ngakhale izi zingamveke zomvetsa chisoni, zoona zake n'zakuti palibe mankhwala a LBD pakadali pano, ndipo palibe njira yoletsera kuti isakule.
Koma musalole zimenezo kukukhumudwitsani! Pali njira zambiri zochiritsira komanso zosamalira zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa wodwalayo ndi banja lake.
Ndondomeko ya chithandizo imapangidwa kutengera zizindikiro za wodwalayo komanso gawo la matendawa.
Mankhwala
Dokotala angapereke mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti athetse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.
- Konzani kukumbukira ndi kuganiza: Mankhwala otchedwa `(Cholinesterase inhibitors)` (monga `rivastigmine`, `donepezil`) amathandiza anthu ena.
- Pa mavuto oyenda: Carbidopa-levodopa, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a Parkinson, angathandize kuchepetsa kuuma ndi kunjenjemera.
- Kuletsa kuoneka ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la maganizo: Nthawi zina mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la LBD, madokotala amawalembera mosamala kwambiri.
- Kwa kuvutika maganizo: Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo.
- Pa mavuto ogona: Mankhwala monga `(Clonazepam)` ndi `(melatonin)`.
Mankhwala ndi Chithandizo
Monga mankhwala, mankhwala amenewa amathandizanso kuti moyo ukhale wosavuta.
- Chithandizo cha ntchito: Chimakuthandizani kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku (kudya, kuvala) nokha komanso mosamala.
- Kuchiza thupi: Kumathandiza kulimbitsa mphamvu za thupi ndi kukhazikika bwino, kupangitsa kuyenda kukhala kosavuta, komanso kuchepetsa kugwa.
- Chithandizo cha kulankhula: Chimathandiza kuthetsa mavuto olankhula ndi kumeza.
Kuwonjezera pa zonsezi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso wokhazikika . Izi zitha kuchepetsa nkhawa ndi kusakhazikika kwa wodwalayo.
Kodi ndi liti pamene kuli bwino kupita kwa dokotala?
Ngati inu kapena munthu wina m'banja mwanu, makamaka munthu wokalamba, ayamba kuona zinthu zomwe sizilipo (zinthu zolota), pamodzi ndi kusintha kulikonse kwa kukumbukira, mayendedwe, kapena khalidwe, chonde musanyalanyaze zimenezo. Onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala ndikukambirana za izo.
Ngati mukudziwa kale kuti muli ndi LBD, ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala wanu kuti akakuwoneni nthawi zonse. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse mu zizindikiro zanu kapena zizindikiro zatsopano, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu.
Zinthu zoti mudziwe zokhudza kukhala ndi matendawa
Popeza matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, pakapita nthawi, zimakhala zovuta kwa wodwalayo kupanga zisankho payekha ndikuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana ndikukonzekera zamtsogolo pamene wodwalayo akadali wanzeru.
Pa avareji, munthu amene ali ndi LBD akuti amakhala ndi moyo pakati pa zaka 5 ndi 8 atapezeka ndi matendawa, koma izi zimasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Anthu ena amakhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa pamenepo.
Kukhala ndi matendawa ndi vuto kwa wodwala komanso banja lomwe limamusamalira. Koma kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha. Ndi chithandizo choyenera chamankhwala, chithandizo, komanso chidziwitso, ulendowu ukhoza kukhala wosavuta.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) sikuti imangoiwala zinthu zokha, koma ndi vuto lovuta lomwe limakhudza chilichonse kuyambira kukumbukira, kuyenda, kugona, ndi khalidwe.
- Kuona zinthu m'maganizo ndi kuchita zinthu zomwe zikuchitika kungakhale zizindikiro zazikulu komanso zoyambirira za matendawa.
- Ngakhale kuti matendawa sangachiritsidwe kwathunthu, pali mankhwala ndi njira zambiri zochiritsira zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta.
- Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukuvutika ndi zizindikirozi, musachite mantha ndi kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Matendawa akapezeka msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuwathetsa.
- Chithandizo kwa wodwala ndi osamalira odwala n'chofunika kwambiri. Kusunga malo abata komanso kuchita zinthu nthawi zonse kungathandize kwambiri kuchepetsa zizindikiro.
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