Kodi pali vuto ndi dongosolo lamagetsi la mtima wanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za Long QT Syndrome (LQTS).

Kodi mudamvapo za dongosolo lamagetsi la mtima? Mtima wathu umagwira ntchito ngati makina ang'onoang'ono. Uli ndi dongosolo lamagetsi, lomwe limalamulira kugunda kwa mtima. Nthawi zina, kusintha pang'ono kumatha kuchitika mu dongosolo lamagetsi ili. Kusintha kotereku kumatchedwa Long QT Syndrome, kapena `(Long QT Syndrome - LQTS)`. Musadandaule, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta.

Kodi Long QT Syndrome ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Tangoganizirani kuti mtima wanu ukagunda kamodzi, umatenga "kupumula" pang'ono usanagundenso, monga momwe batire imadzazidwiranso. Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti "upumule" kapena kubwezeretsanso mphamvu imakhala yayitali pang'ono kuposa masiku onse, yomwe timaitcha kuti long QT syndrome.

Ngati munachitidwapo ECG, yomwe ndi mayeso omwe amayang'ana momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito mumtima, pali gawo lina lotchedwa QT interval. Izi zikusonyeza nthawi yomwe zimatenga kuti zipinda zapansi za mtima wanu, zotchedwa ventricles, zikoke kenako n’kupumula, kapena "kubwezeretsanso mphamvu" monga ndanenera.

Ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima wathu imathandizidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayendetsedwa ndi magetsi totchedwa `ions`. Ma ion monga sodium, calcium, potaziyamu, ndi chloride amathandizira pa izi. Ma ion awa amalowa ndi kutuluka m'maselo a mtima kudzera m'njira zapadera zotchedwa `ion channels`. Tsopano, mu `(Long QT Syndrome)` iyi, mwina pali vuto ndi ma ion channels awa, kapena pali kusowa kwawo. Kenako mtima umachedwa "kuchajanso". Pamene nthawi ya QT yatalikitsidwa, pamakhala chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima othamanga kwambiri otchedwa `Torsades de Pointes`, omwe angakhale oopsa ku moyo.

Kodi pali mitundu ya Long QT Syndrome?

Inde, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu. Mtundu umodzi ndi wobadwa nawo , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti umadutsa m'majini. Wina ndi wopezeka , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti umayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zina, monga mankhwala enaake.

Mitundu ya kubadwa nayo:

Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha zolakwika za majini mu 'njira za ion' zomwe ndatchulazi.

• Kusakhazikika kwa njira ya ma ion: Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Pali mitundu ingapo monga `LQT1, LQT2, LQT3, LQT4, LQT5`. Izi zimagawidwa malinga ndi mtundu wa njira ya ma ion yomwe ikukhudzidwa. Chiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima mtsogolo chingasiyane malinga ndi mtundu wake.
• Matenda a Jervell ndi Lange-Nielsen: Pa vutoli, makolo onse awiri akhoza kukhala ndi jini losazolowereka, koma mwina sangakhale ndi zizindikiro. Vutoli ndi losowa kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti sizingatheke kuti makolo onse awiri akhale ndi jini, mwana aliyense ali ndi mwayi wa 25% wolandira jiniyo. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli akhoza kubadwa ogontha.
• Matenda a Romano-Ward:Pankhaniyi, kholo limodzi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi ``Long QT Syndrome'' ndipo lina silikhala nayo. Mwana aliyense ali ndi mwayi wa 50% wolandira jini losazolowerekali. Pankhaniyi, kumva kumakhala bwino.
• Matenda a Timothy: Uwu ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri. Ungakhudze mtima wokha, komanso ziwalo zina za thupi.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a Long QT Syndrome ndi matenda osowa kwambiri . Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, akuti pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 2,000 ali ndi vutoli.

Kodi zizindikiro za Long QT Syndrome ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ndi izi:

• Kusazindikira: Kutaya mwadzidzidzi chidziwitso.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu: Anthu ena amatha kugwidwa ndi khunyu.
• Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa mtima: Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri.
• Imfa yadzidzidzi:

Zizindikiro zimenezi zimachitika pamene vuto loopsa la mtima lotchedwa `Torsades de Pointes' lomwe ndatchula kale lachitika. Panthawiyi, mtima sungathe kupompa magazi moyenera. Ngati ubongo sulandira magazi okwanira, zinthu monga kukomoka ndi khunyu zimachitika. Ngati vutoli lipitirira, imfa yadzidzidzi ingachitike. Komabe, ngati kugunda kwa mtima kwabwerera mwakale, zizindikirozo zimasiya.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimaonekera pamene:

• Pamene mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kapena mphindi zingapo mutatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi).
• Pa nthawi ya kukhudzidwa mtima kwambiri , makamaka pamene mwadzidzidzi mwachita mantha kapena kudabwa.
• Pamene munthu akugona kapena akadzuka mwadzidzidzi .

Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti, mpaka 50% ya anthu omwe ali ndi Long QT Syndrome sangayambe kukhala ndi zizindikiro . Ndipo, kwa munthu m'modzi mwa anthu khumi aliwonse, kulephera kwa mtima ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha vutoli. Izi zitha kupha ngati sizikuthandizidwa mwachangu.

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba munthu akakula . Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, zimatha kubwereranso. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonekera munthu asanakwanitse zaka 30. Komabe, anthu ena amatha kuyamba zizindikiro ali ndi zaka 50 kapena kupitirira apo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a Long QT?

Monga ndanenera kale, izi zitha kutengera kwa makolo anu (obadwa nawo) kapena kupezeka chifukwa cha mankhwala ena . Mu Long QT Syndrome, pali vuto la majini a njira zanu za ion. Njira zosazolowerekazi za ion zimayambitsa kuchedwa kwa kugunda kwa mtima wanu. Izi zingayambitse arrhythmia yomwe ingawopseze moyo wanu.

Mankhwala ena angayambitse ``Long QT Syndrome'' mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto linalake la njira zawo za ion. Mwina sakudziwa, koma akamamwa mankhwala amenewo ``Long QT'' imachitika.

Mankhwala omwe angayambitse matenda a QT omwe apezeka nthawi yayitali:

• Mankhwala ena a 'Antiarrhythmics' (mankhwala a matenda a mtima)
• Mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo
• Mankhwala ena oletsa kukodza (mankhwala omwe amakupangitsani kukodza kwambiri)
• Maantibayotiki ena
• Oletsa kapena otsutsa a serotonin receptor
• Otsutsa a histamine receptor

Zina mwa zifukwa za matenda a QT omwe apezeka nthawi yayitali:

• Mitundu ina ya poizoni
• Anorexia nervosa (matenda amisala okhudzana ndi anorexia)
• Ma `bradyarrhythmias` ena (kugunda kwa mtima pang'onopang'ono)
• Kuchepa kwa calcium, magnesium, kapena potaziyamu m'thupi
• Kuvulala kwa dongosolo lanu la mitsempha

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Anthu otsatirawa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga ``Long QT Syndrome``:

• Kwa ana osamva kuyambira kubadwa.
• Ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi mbiri ya m'banja mwawo ya imfa yadzidzidzi kapena kukomoka mosayembekezereka (syncope).
• Kwa achibale a magazi omwe ali ndi ``Long QT Syndrome``.
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima otchedwa 'Cardiomyopathy' (matenda a minofu ya mtima) kapena matenda a mtima obadwa nawo.
• Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ma electrolyte ochepa m'thupi chifukwa cha matenda ena.
• Kwa iwo omwe akumwa mankhwala omwe amakhudza njira za ayoni mumtima.

Kodi ndiyeneranso kuyezetsa matenda a Long QT Syndrome?

Matenda a Long QT Syndrome ndi matenda a majini omwe amatha kufalikira kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Ngati m'modzi mwa achibale anu oyamba (makolo, abale, ana) ali ndi matenda a Long QT Syndrome, ndi bwino kuti muyezedwe majini .

Achibale onse a digiri yoyamba (abale, makolo, ndi ana) ayenera kuyesedwa ECG. Ndikofunikanso kuti aliyense amene ali ndi mbiri ya m'banja mwawo ya khunyu kapena kukomoka ayesedwe mayesowa.

Gawo loyamba ndi kudziwitsa dokotala wanu kuti banja lanu lili ndi vutoli. Iye mwina adzachita mayeso ofunikira kuti aone mtima wanu. Ngati mayesowo akutsimikizira kuti muli ndi vutoli, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wa mtima yemwe amadziwa bwino za matenda a Long QT Syndrome.

Kodi mavuto a Long QT Syndrome ndi ati?

``Long QT Syndrome`` ingayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa ``Torsades de Pointes`` omwe ndatchulawa. Izi zitha kubweretsa imfa yadzidzidzi.

Kodi matenda a Long QT Syndrome amapezedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amatha kuzindikira matenda a Long QT Syndrome pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso osavuta a ECG. Kuti adziwe matendawa, amayesa nthawi ya QT pa ECG. Ngati nthawi yanu ya QT ndi yayitali kuposa 450 milliseconds, mwina muli ndi Long QT Syndrome.

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za izi:

• Kodi pali mbiri ya banja la munthu amene ali ndi matenda a "Long QT Syndrome"?
• Kodi pali mbiri ya banja lomwe lakomoka mosaneneka, kukomoka, kapena kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa mtima?
• Kodi munayamba mwakomokapo, kukomoka, kapena kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa mtima, makamaka panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi?

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda a Long QT?

Kuwonjezera pa ECG, mayeso awa akhoza kuchitidwanso:

• Kuyezetsa magazi.
• Kuyesa majini.
• Mayeso a kupsinjika maganizo.
• Chowunikira cha ambulatory: Ichi chimayang'anira momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito kwa masiku angapo.

Kodi Long QT Syndrome imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Pali mankhwala, zipangizo, kapena opaleshoni zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuletsa imfa yadzidzidzi ya Long QT Syndrome. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala awa sangachiritse vutoli kwathunthu, angakutetezeni ku kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka.

Mankhwala

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi Long QT Syndrome (ngakhale omwe alibe zizindikiro) amamwa beta-blocker, monga nadolol. Mankhwala ena amatha kufupikitsa nthawi ya QT yanu kapena kukweza kuchuluka kwa electrolyte m'magazi mwanu. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani mankhwala omwe ndi abwino kwa inu.

Zipangizo

Odwala ena omwe ali ndi ``Long QT Syndrome'' angafunikenso zipangizo monga izi:

• Chotsukira Moyo Chosalowa M'thupi Chotchedwa Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Chotsukira mtima chotchedwa implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) chingaikidwe mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya kulephera kwa mtima kapena omwe akadali ndi zizindikiro ngakhale kuti akulandira chithandizo cha beta-blocker. Chipangizochi chimazindikira matenda a arrhythmia omwe angawononge moyo ndipo chimachititsa kuti mtima ugwedezeke mwachangu kuti upewe imfa yadzidzidzi.
• Chothandizira kupuma: Chipangizochi chimathandiza anthu omwe mtima wawo umagunda pang'onopang'ono kwambiri.

Opaleshoni

Odwala ena omwe ali ndi Long QT Syndrome angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation (LCSD) kapena opaleshoni ya sympathectomy. Iyi ndi njira yochepetsera kufalikira kwa mitsempha yomwe mitsempha ina mu dongosolo lanu la mitsempha imachotsedwa.

Kodi mavuto/zotsatira zake za chithandizo ndi ziti?

Zotsatirapo kapena zovuta zomwe zingachitike zimadalira mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mumalandira.

• Beta-blocker:
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono.
• Chizungulire.
• Mutu .
• Kutopa.
• ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator):
• Zolakwika pa chipangizo.
• Mapapu osweka.
• Kutuluka magazi.
• Matenda.
• Chothandizira pacemaker:
• Mapapu osweka.
• Kutuluka magazi.
• Matenda.
• Zolakwika pa chipangizo.
• LCSD (Opaleshoni Yochepetsa Kupsinjika kwa Mitsempha ya Mtima Yakumanzere):
• Matenda a Horner.
• Mapapu osweka.
• Kutuluka thukuta kapena kutsuka nkhope.

Kodi Long QT Syndrome ingapewedwe?

Simungathe kuletsa izi ngati mutalandira kuchokera kwa makolo anu. Komabe, kwa iwo omwe salandira, mutha kupewa matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda a QT pambuyo pake. Mwachitsanzo, samalani ndi mankhwala ena.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati ndili ndi Long QT Syndrome?

Ndi chithandizo choyenera , chiwerengero cha imfa cha anthu omwe ali ndi ``Long QT Syndrome`` ndi pafupifupi 1%. Popanda chithandizo, vutoli ndi loopsa. Pafupifupi 21% ya anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe salandira chithandizo amafa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi kuchokera pamene matenda a syncope ayamba.

Koma kumbukirani, anthu omwe ali ndi "Long QT Syndrome" amatha kukhala ndi moyo wathunthu . Angathe kutenga pakati ndikubereka ana.

Kodi Long QT Syndrome imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Matenda a QT Obadwa Nawo ndi matenda omwe amakhalapo kwa moyo wonse. Komabe, zizindikiro ndi chiopsezo cha mavuto zimatha kuchepa pakapita nthawi.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Matenda a Long QT Syndrome angakhudze mbali zambiri za moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Muyenera kufunsa dokotala musanachite zinthu zina.

Phokoso ndi kupsinjika maganizo

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi Long QT Syndrome angakhudzidwe ndi phokoso lalikulu mwadzidzidzi kapena kupsinjika maganizo. Ngakhale simungathe kulamulira phokoso lonse ndi kupsinjika maganizo komwe kukuzungulirani, mutha kuyesa kuchepetsa.

• Uzani anzanu ndi abale anu kuti si bwino kukudzutsani mwadzidzidzi.
• M'malo mwa alamu yokweza yomwe imalira nthawi imodzi, gwiritsani ntchito alamu yomwe ili ndi phokoso labwino.
• Chepetsani phokoso la zinthu zokweza zomwe zingakuchititseni mantha.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mitundu ina ya Long QT Syndrome ingayambitse mavuto ambiri pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zochita zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu, kutengera mtundu wa jini lomwe muli nalo. Popeza kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungayambitse matenda oopsa a arrhythmias, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanasankhe kusewera masewera ampikisano. Ngati mwasankha kusewera masewera, mungafunike kusamala.

Kusambira kungakhale koopsa kwa anthu ena omwe ali ndi ``Long QT Syndrome''. Ngati mutakomoka mukusambira, mutha kumira.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ambiri amatha kutalikitsa nthawi ya QT. Mankhwalawa angakhudze anthu omwe ali ndi ``Long QT Syndrome`` kuposa omwe alibe. Ngati muli ndi ``Long QT Syndrome``, muyenera kuchita izi:

• Uzani madokotala anu onse kuti muli ndi "Long QT Syndrome".
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse omwe mwapatsidwa chifukwa cha matenda ena.
• Pewani kumwa mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala (OTC) (kupatula aspirin wamba kapena paracetamol) popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.

Ngati muli ndi "Long QT Syndrome", mitundu iyi ya mankhwala ingakukhudzeni:

• Mankhwala oletsa ziwengo (antihistamines)
• Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo (mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo)
• Mankhwala a matenda amisala
• Mankhwala a matenda a mtima
• `Maantibayotiki`
• Mankhwala oletsa bowa
• `Ma ARV`
• Mankhwala a matenda am'mimba
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka kwa Mtima
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kukodza (mankhwala omwe amayambitsa kukodza kwambiri)
• Mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mankhwala a mutu waching'alang'ala
• Mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala mukayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro ndipo kamodzi pachaka pambuyo pake. Dokotala wa zamagetsi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri.

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi "Long QT Syndrome", muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu kangapo pachaka kuti muwonetsetse kuti akulandira mlingo woyenera wa mankhwala ogwirizana ndi kulemera kwake komwe ali nako.

Ngati mwaika chipangizo, muyenera kupita kwa dokotala kamodzi pachaka kuti muwonetsetse kuti chikugwira ntchito bwino.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima wosagwira ntchito amafunika thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga . Munthu amene ali pafupi ayenera kuyamba CPR (cardiac resuscitation) ndikuyimbira 911 (kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi).

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu:

• Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa ``Long QT Syndrome'' womwe ndili nawo?
• Kodi ndi chithandizo chanji chomwe mukupangira kwa ine?
• Kodi ndimafunika kukuonani kangati?
• Ndi mankhwala ndi zochita ziti zomwe ndiyenera kupewa ndi mtundu wanga wa ``Long QT Syndrome''?

Pomaliza, Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi nkhawa mukazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda a mtima. Koma kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, kulankhula ndi mlangizi kungakuthandizeni kukhala omasuka. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, kumwa mankhwala anu pa nthawi yake, komanso kusunga nthawi yanu yokumana.

Zingakhalenso mpumulo kuuza achibale anu ndi anzanu kuti muli ndi Long QT Syndrome. Ngati mukumva zizindikiro ali nanu, akhoza kuyimbira thandizo ladzidzidzi. Chabwino kwambiri, ngati akudziwa momwe angachitire CPR, ikhoza kupulumutsa moyo wanu. Musadandaule, mukayang'aniridwa bwino, inunso mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Matenda a QT a Long, LQTS, matenda a mtima, nthawi ya QT, kugunda kwa mtima, arrhythmia, matenda a majini