Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza kusamutsa mapapo

Kodi inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa adauzidwapo ndi dokotala za kuikidwa mapapo? Kapena mwamvapo za izi koma simukudziwa kuti ndi chiyani? Kuikidwa mapapo ndi opaleshoni yaikulu. N'zomveka kuti mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri, nkhawa, ndi nkhawa zokhudza izi. Choncho lero, tiyeni tikufotokozereni m'njira yosavuta komanso yomveka bwino, ngati kuti mukulankhula ndi mnzanu wapamtima.

Mwachidule, kodi kusamutsa mapapo n’chiyani?

Kuika mapapo ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe mapapu anu amodzi kapena onse awiri omwe ali ndi matenda, osagwira ntchito bwino, kapena owonongeka amachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi mapapo kapena mapapo athanzi kuchokera kwa wopereka. Nthawi zambiri, mapapo omwe amaperekedwa mwanjira imeneyi amachokera kwa munthu womwalirayo.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa opaleshoni yamtunduwu kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda aakulu a m'mapapo omwe sangachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala ena kapena chithandizo china chilichonse.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya opaleshoni yoika mapapo ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya opaleshoni yoika mapapo. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

Ndani ali woyenera kuikidwa mapapo?

Iyi si opaleshoni yomwe aliyense angachite. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire ngati ndinu woyenera opaleshoniyi.

Kawirikawiri, ndinu woyenera opaleshoniyi ngati mukwaniritsa izi:

• Muli ndi matenda aakulu kapena vuto lomwe limalepheretsa mapapu anu kugwira ntchito bwino.
• Matenda anu a m'mapapo sanachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala ena kapena chithandizo china chilichonse.
• Madokotala atsimikiza kuti ngati simuchita opaleshoniyi, moyo wanu umakhala wa chaka chimodzi mpaka zitatu.
• Mulibe khansa ya m'mapapo.
• Simugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosuta fodya (monga kusuta fodya).
• Mungathe kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Ndi matenda amtundu wanji omwe opaleshoniyi imachitidwa?

Kuika mapapo kungalimbikitsidwe nthawi zambiri, kuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Matenda a bronchiectasis
• Matenda osatha oletsa kupuma (COPD)
• Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mapapo komwe kwachitika chifukwa cha COVID-19
• Matenda a cystic fibrosis (CF)
• Matenda a m'mapapo a m'mimba (ILD)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike?

Musanachite opaleshoni yoika mapapo, mudzayesedwa mwatsatanetsatane komanso mwatsatanetsatane. Izi zimatchedwa kuyesa opaleshoni isanayambike . Iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba yodziwira ngati opaleshoniyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochizira. Woyang'anira opaleshoni yoika mapapo wophunzitsidwa bwino adzasonkhanitsa zambiri zanu zonse zachipatala.

Izi zikuphatikizapo mayeso monga:

• Kuyang'ana thanzi lanu lonse.
• Mbiri ya matenda m'banja.
• Tsatanetsatane wa mankhwala omwe mukumwa, makamaka mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.
• Malipoti aposachedwa a CT scan ndi X-ray pachifuwa.
• Kuyezetsa magazi.
• Kulemba minofu - Izi zimayang'ana ngati minofu yanu ya thupi ikugwirizana ndi minofu ya woperekayo.
• Mayeso a ntchito ya m'mapapo.
• Mayeso a mtima (ECG, Echocardiogram, catheterization ya mtima).
• Kuyesa kuchuluka kwa mafupa (DEXA scan).

Pambuyo pa mayeso onsewa, gulu lanu lopatsirana ziwalo lidzakumana, kuyang'ana malipoti onsewa, ndikupanga chisankho chomaliza chokhudza ngati ndinu woyenera opaleshoniyi. Ngati asankha kuti ndinu woyenera, dzina lanu lidzawonjezedwa pamndandanda.Mudzaikidwa pamndandanda wadziko lonse woyembekezera kuikidwa mapapo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukakhala pamndandanda woyembekezera?

Mungafunike kudikira miyezi ingapo, ngakhale zaka, kuti mapapu oyenera apezeke. Chifukwa ngakhale pali anthu ambiri omwe akufunika opaleshoniyi, pali mapapu ochepa okha omwe angaperekedwe. Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite:

• Kusintha kwa moyo: Muyenera kusiya kumwa mowa kotheratu. Muyenera kukhala ndi thupi labwino.
• Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Pulogalamu yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi imaperekedwa kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.
• Kukumana ndi dokotala: Muyenera kukumana ndi gulu lanu lachipatala miyezi iwiri kapena itatu iliyonse kuti muone ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino.
• Kukonzekera: Mapapo oyenera akhoza kupezeka nthawi iliyonse, choncho ndikofunikira kukhala ndi dongosolo loyendera kuti mukafike kuchipatala. Ndibwinonso kukhala ndi thumba lokhala ndi zovala zofunika, zimbudzi, ndi zinthu zina.

Chimachitika ndi chiyani pa opaleshoni

Iyi ndi opaleshoni yovuta yomwe imatenga maola ambiri. Kuika mapapo kamodzi kokha kungatenge maola 4-8, ndipo kuika mapapo awiri kungatenge maola 6-12.

1. Choyamba, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Choncho simudzamva ululu uliwonse panthawi ya opaleshoni.

2. Mudzalumikizidwa ndi makina opumira mpweya (makina opumira mpweya) . Makinawa adzakupumirani nthawi yonse ya opaleshoni.

3. Mungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito makina apadera otchedwa ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) kuti musinthe magazi kupita ku mtima ndi mapapo anu.

4. Dokotala adzakudula pachifuwa panu pamalo oyenera ndikuchotsa mapapo odwala kapena mapapo onse awiri.

5. Kenako, mapapo athanzi omwe aperekedwa amayikidwa pamalo pake, ndipo mitsempha yamagazi ndi njira zopumira zimalumikizidwanso mosamala kwambiri.

6. Pambuyo potsimikizira kuti magazi ndi mpweya zikuyenda bwino kupita ku mapapo atsopano, chodulidwacho chimasokedwanso pamodzi.

Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.

• Zoopsa za opaleshoni: Zoopsa zofala za opaleshoni iliyonse, monga kutuluka magazi, kuundana kwa magazi, ndi matenda, zimapezekanso pano.
• Kukana kuikidwa mapapo: Ili ndiye vuto lalikulu. Mwachidule, chitetezo cha mthupi cha thupi lanu chimazindikira mapapo omwe angoikidwa kumene ngati "mdani" ndipo chimayamba kuwaukira. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi kwa moyo wanu wonse.
• Matenda:Chifukwa cha mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, mphamvu ya thupi lanu yolimbana ndi matenda imachepa. Chifukwa chake, mumakhala ndi mwayi wopeza matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kodi zizindikiro za kukana mapapo ndi ziti?

Muyenera kudziwa bwino zizindikiro izi. Ngati muli nazo, dziwitsani dokotala wanu kapena gulu lothandizira kuyika chiwalo chachikazi nthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi yochira ndi moyo womwe ukubwera

Mukatha opaleshoni, mudzasungidwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa masiku angapo, kenako mudzasamutsidwira ku chipinda chogona. Zingatenge milungu iwiri kapena kuposerapo kuti mubwerere kwathunthu kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala.

Nthawi yochira ndi yayitali. Muyenera kubwera kuchipatala nthawi zonse kuti mukayezedwe ndi kulandira chithandizo kwa miyezi itatu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira. Mudzatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyendetsa galimoto, ndikubwerera kuntchito patatha miyezi ingapo, koma zonsezi zidzadalira upangiri wa gulu lanu lachipatala.

Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa opaleshoniyi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yoyembekezera moyo komanso moyo wabwino. Mavuto opuma amatha, ndipo mumapeza mphamvu zochitira zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.