Mukakhala ndi matenda monga malungo kapena chifuwa, mukapita kwa dokotala, amakupatsirani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maantibayotiki, sichoncho? Nthawi zina simungadziwe bwino mankhwala awa. Chabwino, gulu lofunika kwambiri la maantibayotiki lomwe madokotala nthawi zambiri amalangiza limatchedwa Macrolides. Kotero lero, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi ma macrolides awa ndi chiyani?
Macrolides ndi gulu la maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya . Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikuletsa kukula, kapena kufalikira, kwa mabakiteriya omwe alowa m'thupi lathu.
Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito kokha pa matenda a bakiteriya. Sangathandize pa matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi, monga chimfine kapena fuluwenza.
Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala a macrolide ngati akuona kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda anu. Komanso, anthu ena ali ndi vuto la maantibayotiki ena, monga penicillin. Mankhwala a macrolide amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira ina m'malo mwa mankhwala ena.
Ndi ma macrolides ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri?
Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma macrolides omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi madokotala ku Sri Lanka ndi padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyeni tiwone patebulo ili pansipa.
| Dzina la Mankhwala | Chiyambi chachidule |
|---|---|
| Azithromycin | Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa maphunziro omwe amatha kumalizidwa munthawi yochepa, monga masiku atatu kapena asanu. |
| Clarithromycin | Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa matenda opatsirana m'mapapo ndi zilonda zina zam'mimba. |
| Erythromycin | Mankhwala akale pang'ono, koma ogwira ntchito kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana. |
| Fidaxomicin | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa matenda a C. diff, matenda oopsa a m'mimba. |
Kodi macrolides amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda otani?
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a bakiteriya, kuyambira matenda opatsirana pogonana mpaka matenda opatsirana pogonana.
- "Chibayo choyenda" (Chibayo chosazolowereka): Matenda a chibayo omwe ndi osiyana pang'ono ndi chibayo wamba ndipo si oopsa kwambiri.
- Matenda a maso a bakiteriya: Matenda omwe amayambitsa maso ofiira komanso oyabwa.
- Malungo otupa a mphaka
- Diphtheria
- Matenda a H. pylori, omwe amayambitsa zilonda zam'mimba: Izi zimaperekedwa pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena.
- Matenda opatsirana pogonana: Mwachitsanzo, matenda monga Chlamydia.
- Matenda a pakhosi (Strep throat): Makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la penicillin.
- Matenda otsegula m'mimba kwambiri: Pamene kutsegula m'mimba kwa apaulendo kukukulirakulira.
- Matenda a mkodzo (urethritis)
- Chifuwa chofewa (Pertussis)
Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zina macrolide yotchedwa `Erythromycin` imapakidwa pakhungu ngati gel pochiza ziphuphu. Chifukwa cha izi ndichakuti mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya pakhungu lathu imathandizira kupanga ziphuphu. Gel iyi imalamulira mabakiteriya amenewo.
Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
Maantibayotiki a macrolide amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
- Mitundu ya mapiritsi oti mumeze
- Mitundu ya madzi othirira
- Gel kapena lotion yopaka pakhungu
- Mafuta odzola omwe amapakidwa mkati mwa diso
- Katemera woperekedwa ndi dokotala
Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa mankhwala monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, mu mlingo woyenera, panthawi yoyenera, komanso masiku oyenera. Werengani malangizo omwe ali pa chizindikiro cha mankhwala mosamala. Ngati simukudziwa, funsani dokotala wanu.
Ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala amadzimadzi, gwiritsani ntchito chikho kapena supuni yokha yoyezera yomwe imabwera nayo. Musagwiritse ntchito supuni zapakhomo kapena supuni, chifukwa sizingakupatseni mlingo woyenera .
Kufunika komaliza maphunziro a udokotala
Kaya dokotala wakupatsani masiku angati, muyenera kumwa mankhwalawo kwa masiku amenewo. Mungamve bwino mutatha masiku awiri kapena atatu mutamwa mankhwalawo. Koma musasiye kumwa mankhwalawo chifukwa choti mwamva bwino. Mukasiya, mabakiteriya otsala m'thupi lanu sadzawonongedwa kwathunthu. Patapita kanthawi, mabakiteriyawo adzakhala amphamvu kachiwiri, ndipo matendawa angabwererenso.
Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse?
Inde, monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, ma macrolides angayambitse zotsatirapo zazing'ono. Koma musadandaule, zambiri mwa izi nthawi zambiri sizimakhala zoopsa. Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi kusokonezeka m'mimba.
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kupweteka
- Kutsegula m'mimba
Mwayi wa zotsatirapo izi ungasiyane malinga ndi mtundu wa macrolide womwe mwapatsidwa. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani izi.
Chinthu china chofunika ndichakuti mankhwalawa amatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa. Chifukwa chake, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi zowonjezera). Komanso, ngati mumamwa mowa, muuzeni za izi. Mungalangizidwe kuti mupewe kumwa mowa mukamamwa mankhwalawa.
Kawirikawiri, ziwengo zimatha kuchitika. Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndi kutupa pakhungu. Nthawi zambiri, matenda oopsa a pakhungu monga matenda a Stevens-Johnson amatha kuchitika.
Kodi mankhwalawa angakhudze kagwiridwe ka mtima?
Izi ndizosowa kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa. Ma macrolide ena angayambitse kusintha kwa ntchito zamagetsi za mtima (QT interval prolongation). Izi zingayambitse chiopsezo chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi kugunda kwa mtima kosazolowereka (arrhythmias).
Koma musadandaule ndi izi. Madokotala amadziwa izi. Ngati muli ndi vuto la mtima monga ``Long QT syndrome'', dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'malo mwa mankhwala awa.
Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu pazochitika zotsatirazi.
| Mkhalidwe | Zoyenera kuchita |
|---|---|
| Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza momwe mungamwere mankhwala anu. | Lankhulani ndi dokotala ndipo mudziwe bwino. |
| Ngati mukuvutika kumwa mankhwala chifukwa cha zotsatirapo zake (monga kusanza). | Musasiye kumwa mankhwalawo, koma imbani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni malangizo. |
| Ngati zizindikirozo zikadalipo mutamaliza kumwa mankhwala. | Kaonaneni ndi dokotala kachiwiri. |
| Ngati mukuyamba kuyabwa pakhungu kapena zizindikiro za ziwengo. | Uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo. |
| Nthawi zina pamene mukufunika kupita ku ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) mwachangu | |
| Ngati muli ndi kutsegula m'mimba kodzaza ndi madzi kangapo patsiku kapena ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za kutaya madzi m'thupi (pakamwa pouma, maso olowa m'madzi, kuchepa kwa kukodza). | Pitani ku ETU ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo. |
| Ngati mukumva zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu la ziwengo (Anaphylaxis), monga kupuma movutikira komanso kutupa kwa nkhope ndi milomo. | Izi ndi zadzidzidzi. Pitani ku ETU nthawi yomweyo. |
Kodi Clindamycin ndi Macrolide?
Ayi. `Clindamycin` si macrolide. Ili m'gulu lina la maantibayotiki otchedwa `Lincosamides`. Komabe, mankhwalawa amaletsanso kukula kwa mabakiteriya mofanana ndi ma macrolides.
Pomaliza, ma macrolides ndi chida champhamvu polimbana ndi matenda a bakiteriya. Koma chida ichi chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, komanso motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Macrolides ndi mtundu wa maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a bakiteriya.Izi sizichiritsa matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga chimfine.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa, ziwengo zomwe muli nazo, ndi matenda ena (makamaka matenda a mtima).
- Ngakhale zizindikiro zanu zitachepa, malizitsani kumwa mankhwala onse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Kusiya pakati kungayambitse matenda kubwerera, ndikukulirakulira.
- Fufuzani thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto ena aakulu, monga kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, kutupa pakhungu kwambiri, kapena kupuma movutikira.
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