Kodi mukudziwa za matenda a Marburg Virus? Muyenera kudziwa zinthu izi!

Mwina mwamvapo za nkhani zokhudza matenda atsopano komanso oopsa omwe nthawi zina amafalikira m'maiko aku Africa. Chifukwa chake, tikambirana za matenda opatsirana omwe tonsefe tiyenera kusamala nawo pang'ono, ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za matendawa. Uwu ndi matenda a Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) . Simungadziwe dzinalo mukalimva, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kulidziwa.

Kodi matenda a Marburg virus (MVD) ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta.

Mwachidule, matenda a Marburg virus ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, nthawi zina amapha . Amafala kwambiri m'maiko aku Africa. Poyamba, zizindikiro zake zimakhala zofala, monga kutentha thupi ndi kuzizira. Koma pakapita nthawi, matendawa amatha kukhala oopsa, kuphatikizapo kusanza kwambiri, kutuluka magazi, komanso mavuto amitsempha omwe amakhudza ubongo ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.

Tangoganizirani, matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba mwa mileme kapena anyani ndipo amafalikira kwa anthu. Kenako, amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina . Umu ndi momwe amafalikira ngati mliri.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti Marburg ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV . Izi zikutanthauza kuti kachilomboka kamawononga mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi lathu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azituluka m'thupi mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi. Kodi mudamvapo za kachilombo ka Ebola ? Eya, kachilombo ka Marburg kalinso m'banja lomwelo ndi kachilombo ka Ebola. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi koopsa kwambiri.

Kodi matenda a Marburg virus amenewa ndi ofala bwanji? Kodi tiyenera kuda nkhawa?

Ndipotu, kachilombo ka Marburg n'kosowa kwambiri . Komabe, nthawi zina kamapezeka m'madera ena a ku Africa. Mliri wotere ukachitika, ukhoza kufalikira kwa anthu ochepa mpaka mazana ambiri nthawi imodzi.

Posachedwapa, mu 2023, milandu iwiri yofanana ndi imeneyi inanenedwa. Chimodzi chinali ku Equatorial Guinea mu February 2023. Panali milandu 16 yotsimikizika, ndipo 12 mwa iwo anamwalira. China, chomwe sichinagwirizane ndi izi, chinali ku Tanzania mu March 2023. Panali milandu 8 yotsimikizika, ndipo 5 anamwalira.

Pakhala pali miliri yayikulu ngati iyi kale:

• Mu Uganda mu 2012 - anthu 15 adatenga kachilomboka ndipo anayi adamwalira.
• Ku Angola, kuyambira 2004 mpaka 2005 - anthu 252 adatenga kachilomboka ndipo 227 adamwalira. Taonani momwe chiwerengero cha imfacho chilili chokwera.
• Ku Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) kuyambira 1998 mpaka 2000 - izi zinakhudza kwambiri ogwira ntchito m'migodi ndi mabanja awo. Anthu 154 anakhudzidwa ndipo 128 anamwalira.
• Kufalikira kwa matenda awiri ku Europe nthawi imodzi - ku Germany ndi Yugoslavia mu 1967. Zonsezi zinachitika pakati pa ogwira ntchito omwe ankagwira ntchito ndi anyani obiriwira aku Africa omwe anabweretsedwa kuchokera ku Uganda. Anthu 31 adadwala matendawa ndipo 7 anamwalira.

Ziwerengero izi zikusonyeza momwe izi zingachitikire kwambiri, sichoncho? Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti tidziwe izi.

Kodi kachilombo ka Marburg kamapezekanso ku America?

Ayi, palibe milandu ya kachilombo ka Marburg yomwe yanenedwa ku United States (US). Mu 2008, munthu amene anapita ku Uganda anayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro za Marburg atabwerera ku United States. Komabe, anachira kwathunthu ndipo sanafalitse matendawa kwa wina aliyense. Izi zikusonyeza kuti ngati atapezeka msanga komanso mofunikira, kufalikira kwa matendawa kumatha kuthetsedwa.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Marburg virus ndi ziti? Kodi mungawazindikire bwanji?

Zizindikiro za Marburg zimawonekera m'magawo awiri akuluakulu.

Gawo loyamba (limatenga masiku 5-7):

• Malungo
• Kuzizira
• Mutu waukulu
• Chifuwa
• Kupweteka kwa minofu kapena mafupa
• Chikhure
• Kutupa pakhungu - Izi zitha kuoneka ngati mawanga otambalala komanso okwera (maculopapular).

Zizindikiro zimenezi zikaonekera, mungamve bwino pang'ono kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Koma kenako zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri za gawo lachiwiri zimayamba.

Zizindikiro za gawo lachiwiri:

• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena pachifuwa
• Kusanza
• Kutsegula m'mimba (kudzimbidwa)
• Chizungulire
• Kuchepetsa thupi mosadziwa
• Kusanza magazi kapena kutulutsa magazi m'chimbudzi
• Kutuluka magazi m'mphuno, mkamwa, m'maso, kapena m'chikazi
• Chisokonezo

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikirozi, makamaka ngati mwapita kudera lomwe Marburg ndi yofala kwambiri, muyenera kupeza upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Imeneyi si matenda oti munthu angosewera nawo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a Marburg virus?

Matenda a Marburg virus (MVD) amayamba chifukwa cha mavairasi awiri ofanana. Mavairasiwa ndi Marburg virus (MARV) ndi Ravn virus (RAVV) . Amafanananso ndi kachilombo ka Ebola. Monga tanenera kale, uwu ndi matenda a magazi omwe amatuluka m'magazi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amatha kuwononga mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyambitsa kutuluka magazi kwambiri.

Kodi kachilombo ka Marburg kamafalikira bwanji?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe tonse tiyenera kusamala nacho kwambiri. Kachilombo ka Marburg kamafalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana ndi madzi a m'thupi la anthu kapena nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka .

Kodi madzi a m'thupi awa ndi chiyani?

• Magazi
• Mkodzo/Mkodzo
• Chimbudzi/Chopondapo
• Malovu/Malovu
• Mkaka wa m'mawere
• Umuna
• Madzi ochokera ku nyini

Si zokhazo,Imathanso kufalikira kudzera m'malo oipitsidwa, zinthu, kapena zida zachipatala. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira zodzitetezera zimatengedwa posamalira wodwala ngati uyu.

Kodi anthu amatenga bwanji kachilombo ka Marburg?

Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti mbalame za ku Egypt, mtundu wa mileme ya zipatso, ndi zomwe zimayambitsa mavairasi a MRV ndi RAVV. Anthu amayamba kutenga kachilomboka pokhudzana ndi madzi am'thupi kapena minofu ya mileme yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka kapena anyani omwe si anthu. Kenako amatha kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa anthu ena, makamaka achibale awo apafupi komanso ogwira ntchito zachipatala omwe amawasamalira .

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Marburg virus?

Muli pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a MVD ngati :

• Ngati mumagwira ntchito ndi nyama zomwe zingakhale ndi kachilomboka.
• Ngati mumagwira ntchito m'migodi, m'mapanga, kapena m'malo omwe mileme ya zipatso imakhala.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi munthu amene ali ndi matendawa kapena mukusamalira munthu amene ali ndi matendawa.

Kodi kachilombo ka Marburg kamapezeka bwanji?

Madokotala amazindikira matenda a Marburg powayeza magazi . Koma zimakhala zovuta kuwazindikira chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimatha kufanana ndi za matenda ena monga malungo achikasu, malungo, ndi malungo a typhoid .

Choncho, ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mwakhala mukukumana ndi kachilombo ka Marburg chifukwa cha ulendo wanu waposachedwa kapena njira zina, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu.

Kodi pali mankhwala ochizira matenda a Marburg virus?

Mwatsoka, pakadali pano palibe mankhwala enieni kapena mankhwala a kachilombo ka Marburg . Madokotala angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu, kuchiza mavuto aliwonse omwe angabuke, komanso kuyesa kukhazikika kwa vuto lanu. Angakupatseni izi:

• Mpweya
• Madzi olowa m'mitsempha (IV) - izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga saline.
• Chithandizo cha zizindikiro zinazake, monga mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndikatenga kachilombo ka Marburg?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a MVD, muyenera kupewa anthu ena. Madokotala ndi ena omwe amakusamalirani ayenera kutsatira njira zapadera zodzitetezera. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuvala zovala zodzitetezera (monga chigoba, magolovesi, magalasi a maso, ndi ma epuloni) ndikukupatulani kwa ena. Muyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti mudziwe ngati pali zovuta zomwe zingakupheni.

Ngakhale mutachira, zotsatirapo zina zomwe zingachitike kwa nthawi yayitali zitha kuchitika. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kukumbukira ndi kuganiza.
• Kuchotsa khungu.
• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu.
• Kutaya tsitsi.

Chinthu china chofunika kukumbukira ndichakuti ngakhale mutachira, kachilomboka kamakhala mu umuna kwa nthawi yayitali . Chifukwa chake, kuti mupewe kupatsira matendawa kwa mnzanu, gwiritsani ntchito kondomu panthawi yogonana. Funsani dokotala wanu za mayeso omwe angatsimikizire kuti kachilomboka sikali mu umuna wanu.

Kodi mungapulumuke ku kachilombo ka Marburg?

Marburg nthawi zambiri ndi matenda oopsa . Komabe, pali opulumuka. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa ndi pafupifupi 80% . Komabe, pazochitika za mliri, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa chimasiyana kwambiri. Nthawi zina chimasiyana kuyambira 23% mpaka 90%. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si aliyense amene ali ndi vuto lofanana.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku kachilombo ka Marburg? Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri!

Mabungwe azaumoyo akuyesetsa kuwongolera kufalikira kwa matenda ngati amenewa mwa kuyang'anira milandu yatsopano, kuonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito zachipatala akusamalira odwala a MVD ali otetezeka, ndi zina zotero. Nazi njira zina zomwe mungachite:

• Ngati mukusamalira wodwala yemwe ali ndi MVD, onetsetsani kuti mwagwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera (monga chigoba, magalasi oteteza maso, epuloni, magolovesi). Pewani kukhudzana ndi madzi amthupi lawo. Ngakhale mutavala magolovesi, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino mukakhudza.
• Gwiritsani ntchito makondomu kapena pewani kugonana mpaka mutatsimikiza kuti kachilomboka sikali mu umuna wanu (ngati inu kapena mnzanu mudadwalapo MVD). Ngakhale mutakhala ndi thanzi labwino, kachilomboka kakhoza kukhala mu umuna kwa nthawi yayitali. Palibe umboni wokwanira woti kangakhale nthawi yayitali choncho m'madzi am'mimba.
• Pewani kukhudzana ndi chilichonse chomwe mukuganiza kuti chadetsedwa ndi madzi amthupi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Musakhudze umuna mpaka mutatsimikiza kuti mulibe kachilomboka.
• Pewani kukhudza thupi la munthu amene wamwalira chifukwa cha MVD. Ngati ndi kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito zida zodzitetezera. Samalani ndi izi pa mwambo wa maliro.
• Pewani kukhudzana ndi nyama monga mileme ya zipatso ndi anyani komanso malo omwe amakhala (monga mapanga ndi migodi).
• Pewani kudya nyama ya m’tchire.
• Ngati mwangopita kumene kudera lomwe kachilombo ka Marburg kali kwambiri, yang'anirani zizindikiro zanu kwa masiku 21. Ngati zizindikiro ziyamba, pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.
• Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi Marburg, khalani kutali ndi anthu ena.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mwakhala mukudwala kachilombo ka Marburg - mwachitsanzo, ngati mukukhala m'dera lomwe nyama zimanyamula kachilomboka, kapena ngati mwapita kudera lomwe kuli mliri - ndipo mukupeza zizindikiro, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Yang'anirani zizindikiro zanu kwa masiku 21 mutakumana ndi kachilomboka. Uzani dokotala wanu kuti mwina mwakhala mukudwala Marburg ndi momwe munadziwidwira.

Kodi muyenera kupita ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zazikulu izi, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga:

• Malungo aakulu (oposa 103 Fahrenheit kapena 40 Celsius).
• Kutuluka magazi kosadziwika bwino.
• Mutu waukulu.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena m'mimba.
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusintha kwa maganizo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso awa:

• Kodi mungapewe bwanji kufalitsa kachilomboka kwa ena?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo?
• Kodi ndidzakhala ndi matenda opatsirana kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Marburg ndi matenda osowa, koma omwe amatha kupha . Mukamva za kufalikira kwa matendawa, n'zachibadwa kuchita mantha, "O, kodi izi zingandichitikirenso ine?" Komabe, ngati pali mwayi woti mungakhale pachiwopsezo cha kachilombo ka Marburg, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti mudziteteze ndikuletsa kachilomboka kufalikira.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikukhala maso pa thanzi lanu ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mwakumana ndi kachilomboka. Ngati muyamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro, musachite mantha kapena kuchedwa, koma funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kudziwa izi ndikutsatira njira zodzitetezera ndiye chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe tonse tingachite.

Kachilombo ka Marburg, MVD, malungo otuluka magazi, Ebola, matenda opatsirana, Africa, zizindikiro, kupewa