Tiyeni tiphunzire za Mitral Valve Prolapse.

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati chifuwa chanu chikugunda, mumavutika kupuma ngakhale mukuyenda mtunda waufupi, kapena mumangomva kutopa tsiku lonse? Ngakhale anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti izi ndi zinthu zachibadwa, nthawi zina pangakhale vuto laling'ono mumtima kumbuyo kwa izi. Mitral Valve Prolapse ndi vuto lomwe limapezeka pakati pa anthu ambiri, koma nthawi zambiri si loopsa. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Mwachidule, kodi Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) ndi chiyani?

Ganizirani mtima wanu ngati nyumba yokhala ndi zipinda zinayi. Pali zitseko pakati pa zipinda izi zomwe zimalola magazi kuyenda mozungulira. Zitseko izi ndi zomwe timatcha "ma valve" mu zamankhwala. Zili ngati zitseko zomwe zimatsegula njira imodzi yokha.

Valavu ya Mitral ndi chitseko pakati pa chipinda chapamwamba (atrium yakumanzere) ndi chipinda chapansi (ventricle yakumanzere) kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima wanu. Valavu iyi imatseguka ndi kutseka nthawi iliyonse mtima wanu ukamagunda, zomwe zimalamulira kuyenda kwa magazi okhala ndi mpweya wabwino m'njira yoyenera.

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) ndi vuto lomwe timapepala tiwiri ta valavu iyi sititseka bwino, koma m'malo mwake timapinda chammbuyo, kulowera ku atrium yakumanzere. Zili ngati chitseko chomwe sichitseka bwino ndipo chimapinda pang'ono chammbuyo. Izi nthawi zina zimatha kuletsa valavu kutseka kwathunthu.

Koma musadandaule. Ili ndi vuto lofala kwambiri, lomwe limakhudza pakati pa 2% ndi 3% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu ambiri sadziwa ngakhale kuti ali nalo chifukwa alibe zizindikiro zilizonse. Izi zili choncho chifukwa valavuyo yapindika pang'ono, koma imagwirabe ntchito bwino.

Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe munthu amene ali ndi MVP angakumane nazo?

Ngakhale anthu ambiri alibe zizindikiro, ena angakumane ndi izi. Zizindikirozi sizimachitika mofanana kwa aliyense.

N’chifukwa chiyani chinthu chonga ichi chimachitika?

Chifukwa chachikulu cha MVP ndi kufooka kwa minofu ya valavu. M'mawu azachipatala, izi zimatchedwa ``myxomatous degeneration''. Mwachidule, minofu ya valavu imakhala yofooka komanso yotambasuka, ngati lamba wakale wa rabara. Choyambitsa chenicheni sichipezeka nthawi zonse.

• Chibadwa: Nthawi zina ngati chikuchitika m'banja, chingakhudzenso ana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali chikoka cha majini.
• Matenda ena: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake olumikizana ndi minofu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a MVP. Mwachitsanzo, matenda monga Marfan syndrome ndi Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
• Zinthu zina zomwe zingachititse ngozi: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda a mtima otupa mafupa, scoliosis, ndi matenda a Graves nawonso ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto ena?

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri sakumana ndi mavuto aliwonse, anthu ena, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu, angakumane ndi mavuto ena.

Vuto lalikulu ndi vuto lotchedwa Mitral Regurgitation . Izi zimachitika pamene valavu siitseka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi atuluke molakwika, kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanzere kubwerera ku atrium yakumanzere. Ngati kutuluka kumeneku kukuchulukirachulukira, mtima uyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika.

Ngati Mitral Regurgitation ikukula kwambiri, mavuto otsatirawa angachitike:

• Kulephera kwa mtima
• Matenda a valavu (`Infective endocarditis`)
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika, mwachitsanzo `(Atrial fibrillation)`
• Stroke
• Kawirikawiri, kusayenda bwino kwa kugunda kwa mtima (`Ventricular arrhythmias`) kungayambitse imfa yadzidzidzi ya mtima.

Kodi mwapeza bwanji izi, Dokotala?

Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu komanso ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima. Kenako adzamvetsera chifuwa chanu ndi stethoscope.

Dokotala akamamvetsera mtima wa munthu amene ali ndi MVP, angamve phokoso lapadera. Ndi phokoso la 'click', kenako ndi phokoso la 'whoosh' (murmur) . Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu ena amatcha vutoli 'click-murmur syndrome'.

Ngati mukumva phokosoli, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani mayeso ena angapo kuti atsimikizire vutoli ndikuwona kuopsa kwake.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MVP safuna chithandizo chilichonse . Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti mubwere kudzayezetsa nthawi zonse. Paulendo umenewo, adzakujambulani echocardiogram kuti awone ngati vuto la valavu lasintha.

• Mankhwala a zizindikiro: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga chizungulire ndi kupweteka pachifuwa, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala monga beta-blockers kuti muchepetse zizindikirozo.
• Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana: Ngati muli ndi vuto monga atrial fibrillation kapena munadwalapo sitiroko kale, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala otchedwa anticoagulants kuti mupewe magazi kuundana.
• Opaleshoni: Ngati kubweza m'mimba kuli koopsa ndipo kumakhudza mtima, opaleshoni ingafunike.
• Kukonza ma valvu a Mitral: Nthawi iliyonse ikatheka, madokotala amayesa kukonza ma valvu anu. Iyi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri.
• Kusintha valavu ya Mitral: Ngati valavu yawonongeka kwambiri moti singakonzedwe, njira yabwino ndi kuisintha ndi valavu yatsopano (yamakina kapena yachilengedwe).

Ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba wamakono, opaleshoni iyi ikhoza kuchitika kudzera mu kudula pang'ono (opaleshoni yocheperako) popanda kutsegula chifuwa chonse.

Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndidzafunikanso opaleshoni?

Si aliyense amene ali ndi MVP amafunika opaleshoni. Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 10 aliwonse amafunika opaleshoni. Mungafunike opaleshoni ngati:

• Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira pakapita nthawi .
• Ngati valavu ikutulutsa magazi (kubwezeretsa magazi m'thupi) pamlingo woopsa .
• Ngati ma scan akusonyeza kuti mtima wakula (`kumanzere kwa ventricle ndi/kapena kumanzere kwa atrium`).
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmia).
• Ngati mtima sungathe kupompa magazi okwanira kupita m'thupi (gawo lotulutsa magazi limachepa).

Kodi ndiyenera kupeza upangiri wa dokotala mwachangu liti?

Onetsetsani kuti mukupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse monga momwe dokotala wanu walangizira. Komabe, ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zaonekera mwadzidzidzi, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo .

• Kupweteka pachifuwa mwadzidzidzi komanso koopsa.
• Kutaya chidziwitso, chizungulire kwambiri, kapena kufooka kwambiri.
• Kupuma movutikira komanso movutikira kwambiri.
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana ndipo mwachita ngozi monga kugwa , pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale palibe kuvulala kooneka kunja, chifukwa pali chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi mkati.