N'zofala kwambiri kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoberekera m'malo osiyanasiyana pathupi lathu. Zina zimapezeka tikabadwa, ndipo zina zimaonekera mochedwa. Nthawi zambiri, sitimaganizira kwambiri za izo. Koma kodi munaganizapo motere? "Hmm... chipolopolo ichi pa mkono wanga sichinkaoneka chachikulu kale," "Kodi chipolopolo ichi chasintha mtundu?" kapena "O, chipolopolo ichi pankhope panga chimapangitsa nkhope yanga kuwoneka yosakongola." Ngati mukumva chimodzimodzi, nkhaniyi idzakhala yofunika kwambiri kwa inu. Lero, tikambirana za kuchotsa chipolopolo.
Tiyeni tione kaye, kodi chizindikiro ichi chobadwira ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, chizindikiro cha kubadwa ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono komwe kamapangidwa pamene maselo omwe amayang'anira mtundu wa khungu lathu (maselo a melanin) asonkhana pamalo amodzi. Malinga ndi zamankhwala, timatchanso izi kuti "nevus". Izi zitha kukhala mtundu womwewo ndi khungu lanu, kapena zitha kukhala pinki, bulauni, kapena zakuda. Zizindikiro za kubadwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakuda mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu kapena tsitsi lakuda. Zina zimakhala zathyathyathya motsutsana ndi khungu, pomwe zina zimakwezedwa pang'ono.
Ndizachilendo kuti munthu wamkulu akhale ndi zizindikiro zoberekera pakati pa 10 ndi 40. Zina mwa zizindikirozi zimakula pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi, pomwe zina zimatha kuzimiririka. 99% ya zizindikirozi sizowopsa ndipo si vuto.
Komabe, ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza mawonekedwe a chibayo chanu, ngati chikusintha mtundu kapena mawonekedwe, ngati chikuyabwa, kapena ngati chikutuluka magazi, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala ndikukambirana naye.
Nanga, n’chifukwa chiyani timachotsa chizindikiro chobadwa nacho?
Pali zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zochotsera chizindikiro cha kubadwa.
1. Pazifukwa za thanzi (chifukwa cha khansa yomwe ikuganiziridwa): Nthawi zina chipolopolo chingakhale khansa ya pakhungu. Kapena chingakhale khansa yoyambirira. Ngati dokotala wanu akuyang'ana chipolopolocho ndipo akukayikira kuti chikukayikiridwa, adzakulangizani kuti muchichotse ndikuchitumiza ku biopsy. Izi zidzatsimikizira ngati chili ndi maselo a khansa (oyipa) kapena osaopsa (osaopsa).
2. Zifukwa Zokongoletsera: Nthawi zina simungasangalale ndi komwe chizindikiro chobadwira chili. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chili pamalo oonekera monga nkhope kapena khosi, kapena ngati chili pamalo pomwe chimagwidwa ndi zovala kapena pamene mukumeta, chingakhale chovuta. Ngakhale zili choncho, ngati mukufuna, dokotala akhoza kuchichotsa mosamala.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, kaya chifukwa chochotsera chizindikiro cha kubadwa ndi chiyani, chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake. Izi si zinthu zomwe zingachitike kunyumba.
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa malo abwinobwino ndi malo okayikitsa n'chiyani?
Ili ndi funso lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuziganizira.
| Khalidwe | Kufotokozera (samalani ngati izi zilipo) |
|---|---|
| Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe | Mole wabwinobwino ndi wozungulira kapena wozungulira. Koma ngati mawonekedwe a mole ndi osafanana, ndipo mbali imodzi ndi yosiyana ndi inzake, zimakhala zokayikitsa. |
| Kusakhazikika kwa m'mphepete | Ngati m'mphepete mwa mole simukumveka bwino, mulibe mawonekedwe, kapena muli ndi vuto. |
| Kusintha kwa mtundu | Ngati mole ili ndi mtundu wina pamalo amodzi ndi wina pamalo ena (mwachitsanzo, bulauni, wakuda, ndi wofiira zosakanikirana pamodzi). |
| Kukula kwa kukula | Ngati ndi yayikulu kuposa chofufutira chomwe chili mbali inayo ya pensulo (nthawi zambiri imaposa mamilimita 6). |
| Kusintha pakapita nthawi | Kusintha kulikonse, monga dothi kukula kuposa kale, kusintha mtundu, kapena kukula kwa msinkhu. |
| Zina mwazinthu | Ngati malovuwo akuyabwa, akupweteka, akutuluka magazi, kapena akutuluka madzi ngati madzi. |
Ngati muli ndi chipolopolo chonga ichi, musachite mantha. Si machipolopolo onse omwe ali ndi khansa. Komabe, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala wa khungu kuti akakuoneni.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani chilonda chobadwa chisanachotsedwe?
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, choyamba adzayang'ana khungu lanu mosamala. Nthawi zina mutha kujambula zithunzi za mawanga anu ndikuwasunga kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse pambuyo pake.
Kenako, chipangizo chapadera chotchedwa dermoscope chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa mole. Izi zili ngati galasi lokulitsa. Chimakupatsani mwayi wowona ngakhale mkati mwa mole ndikusankha ngati ikufunika kuchotsedwa, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ndi njira iti.
Ngati mwasankha kuchotsa chipolopolocho, dokotalayo adzayamba wayeretsa bwino malowo. Kenako adzaikamo mankhwala oletsa ululu m'malowo. Izi zidzaonetsetsa kuti simukumva kupweteka kulikonse chipolopolocho chikachotsedwa.
Kodi madokotala amachotsa bwanji zizindikiro zoberekera?
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwambiri kutengera mtundu wa mollus yanu.
1. Kuchotsa Opaleshoni
Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri. Pambuyo popereka mankhwala oletsa kumva dzanzi, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito tsamba laling'ono la opaleshoni (scalpel) kudula khungu lozungulira mollus ndikuchotsa mollus kwathunthu. Ngati mukukayikira kuti pali khansa, khungu laling'ono labwino lozungulira mollus limachotsedwanso. Izi zimachitika kuti zitsimikizire kuti maselo onse okayikitsa achotsedwa. Kenako bala limatsekedwa ndi kusokedwa . Molus wochotsedwayo amatumizidwa ku labotale kuti akafufuzidwe.
2. Kuchotsa Kumeta
Njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mawanga ena omwe akwera pamwamba pa khungu. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndikukanda malowo pamlingo wa khungu ndi tsamba lapadera. Nthawi zambiri, sikofunikira kusoka pankhaniyi. Malowa amawotchedwa pang'ono kuti magazi asamatuluke. Njirayi imasiyanso zipsera zochepa. Komabe, njira iyi si yoyenera pa mawanga akuya. Komanso, mwayi woti malowo abwererenso mutachotsa ndi njira iyi ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa njira zina.
Kodi njira zina monga laser sizili bwino?
Anthu ena amachotsa zizindikiro zoberekera pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga lasers ndi liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy). Komabe, madokotala a khungu nthawi zambiri samalimbikitsa njira izi. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti popeza njirazi zimawononga mole, palibe chitsanzo chotsala cha biopsy. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira yodziwira ngati ndi khansa kapena ayi.
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani mukachotsa banga? (Chisamaliro cha pambuyo pa opaleshoni)
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kuti bala lipole msanga ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zipsera, muyenera kuchita izi molondola.
- Dokotala adzapaka chinthu chonga mafuta odzola (monga Vaseline®) pabala ndipo adzaphimba ndi bandeji.
- Muyenera kusunga malowo kukhala onyowa (ndi jelly) kwa masiku angapo.
- Monga momwe dokotala amanenera, yeretsani bala tsiku lililonse ndikupaka bandeji yatsopano.
- Chilonda chikachira bwino, ngati malowo akhudzidwa ndi dzuwa, onetsetsani kuti mwapaka mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa kuti chitetezeke ku dzuwa.Izi zitha kuletsa kuti chilondacho chisade.
Nthawi zambiri zimatenga milungu iwiri kapena itatu kuti bala lipole. Panthawiyi, mutha kubwerera ku zochita zanu zachizolowezi, koma mutha kumva ululu pang'ono.
Kodi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Izi zimakhala zotetezeka kwambiri zikachitidwa ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito, koma monga opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina zazing'ono.
- Kutuluka magazi: Nthawi zina kutuluka magazi kuchokera pabala kungapitirire mosalekeza.
- Zilonda: Chilonda chaching'ono chimasiyidwa nthawi zonse, koma chikachitidwa ndi dokotala waluso, nthawi zambiri sichimaonekera kwambiri.
- Matenda: Ngati bala silikusungidwa bwino, majeremusi amatha kulowa ndi kufalikira.
- Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha: Nthawi zambiri, mitsempha yaying'ono m'derali imatha kuvulala.
- Kubwerezabwereza kwa mole: Nthawi zina, ngati gawo laling'ono la mole latsala, limatha kubwerera.
Kodi kuchotsa zizindikiro zoberekera kunyumba n'koopsa?
Inde, ndizoopsa kwambiri! Musayese kudula, kukanda, kapena kutentha chipolopolo mutawona "zolembera zochotsera chipolopolo" zikugulitsidwa pa intaneti, kapena pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apakhomo.
Chifukwa chiyani zili choncho? Pali zifukwa zingapo:
- Ikhoza kukhala khansa: Ngati chipolopolo chomwe mukuchotsa ndi khansa, ngati simuchichotsa bwino, maselo a khansa amatha kukhalabe m'thupi ndikufalikira (metastasize). Ngati dokotala akanachichotsa, akanachitumiza kuti akachiyese biopsy kuti adziwe bwinobwino.
- Chilonda sichidzatha konse: Mwina simungathe kuchotsa kuya konse kwa chilondacho. Kenako chidzabweranso.
- Zilonda zazikulu zitha kusiyidwa: Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zida zoyera komanso zofewa. Mankhwala apakhomo nthawi zambiri amasiya zilonda zoyipa komanso zazikulu.
- Matenda oopsa angachitike: Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zida zosayera, bala likhoza kuipiraipira ndi kutenga matenda oopsa, zomwe zimafunika maantibayotiki komanso mwina kugonekedwa m'chipatala.
Choncho, ngati mumasamala za maonekedwe anu ndi thanzi lanu, musachite izi kunyumba. Dokotala wa khungu adzachita izi mosamala, mwaukhondo, komanso popanda zipsera zambiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Zilonda zambiri zobadwa nazo m'thupi mwanu sizili zoopsa. Simuyenera kuda nkhawa nazo nthawi zonse.
- Ngati chilonda chobadwa nacho chikusintha mawonekedwe, mtundu, kapena kukula, kuyabwa, kapena kutuluka magaziKaonaneni ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Kuchotsa chizindikiro cha kubadwa nthawi zambiri ndi njira yachangu, yosavuta, komanso yotetezeka. Imachitika popanda kupweteka kwambiri.
- Musayese kuchotsa zizindikiro zoberekera kunyumba nokha pazifukwa zilizonse. Zingawononge thanzi lanu komanso mawonekedwe anu kwambiri.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi chibayo chobadwa nacho, chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikufunsa dokotala wa khungu.
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