Mwina wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi khansa ya m'matumbo. Kapena dokotala wanu wakuuzani posachedwapa kuti muli ndi ma polyps m'matumbo mwanu? Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha komanso kuda nkhawa mukamva chinthu chonga ichi. Koma tikadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa, timatha kumvetsetsa momwe tingathanirane nacho. Lero tikambirana za matenda a majini omwe angayambitse matendawa, koma sakunenedwa kwambiri m'gulu la anthu. Ndi MAP.
Mwachidule, kodi MAP (MUTYH-Associated Polyposis) ndi chiyani?
MAP, kapena `(MUTYH-Associated Polyposis)` ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, obadwa nawo m'majini. Izi zimachitika pamene kukula pang'ono, kosazolowereka, kapena timibulu, timakula m'thupi lathu, makamaka m'mimba. M'mawu azachipatala, timatcha izi `(Polyps)`.
Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Mulungu wanga, kodi kukhala ndi ma polyp kumatanthauza khansa?" Ayi, ma polyp awa si khansa. Koma, chofunika ndichakuti, ena mwa awa, ngati sitiwachiza bwino, ngati sitiwachotsa, ali ndi mwayi waukulu woti adzasanduka khansa pakapita nthawi.
Ma ``Polyps`` awa amapezeka kwambiri m'thupi la munthu amene ali ndi MAP:
- M'mimba
- Rectum
- Matumbo ang'onoang'ono
- Mimba
Kodi kukhala ndi MAP ndi chiopsezo cha khansa?
Inde, yankho loona mtima la funsoli ndi "inde." Munthu amene ali ndi MAP ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'matumbo kuposa munthu wamba. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wina wapeza kuti pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe amapezeka koyamba ndi MAP ali kale ndi khansa ya m'matumbo.
Khansa zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pakati pa zaka 40 ndi 60. Koma nthawi zina zimatha kukulirakulira msanga. Komanso, kuwonjezera pa khansa ya m'matumbo, pali chiopsezo china chotenga khansa ya m'mimba ndi mitundu ina ya khansa kunja kwa dongosolo la m'mimba.
Koma musachite mantha ndi izi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa za chiopsezo ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe izi pasadakhale.
Kodi n'zotheka kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino ndi vutoli?
Ndi zoonadi. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe muyenera kukumbukira. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MAP amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, wathanzi, komanso wokwanira. Koma pali chinsinsi chimodzi cha izi. Ndicho kuzindikira zizindikiro msanga ndikupita kukayezetsa khansa nthawi zonse.
Mayeso amenewa amazindikira ndikuchotsa ma polyps omwe tawatchula kale asanakhale khansa. Kuchita izi kungachepetse kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga khansa.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a MAP ndi ziti?
Apa ndi pomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka. Palibe zizindikiro zomwe mungaone kapena kumva kunja, zomwe zimachitika kokha ku MAP. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi ma polyps ambiri m'mimba mwanu, simungamve kupweteka kulikonse kapena kusasangalala ndi matendawa.
Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa `(Polyps)` kokha si chizindikiro chabwino cha kukhala ndi MAP. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi:
- Anthu ambiri ali ndi ma polyps koma alibe MAP. Ma polyps amathanso kufalikira chifukwa cha matenda ena.
- Palinso matenda ena a majini omwe amayambitsa `(Polyps)` monga MAP. Chitsanzo ndi `(Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - FAP)`.
- Nthawi zina, munthu amene ali ndi MAP akapezeka ndi matendawa, sangakhale ndi "polyp" m'thupi lake.
Mwachidule, mayeso a majini okha ndi omwe angatsimikizire ngati muli ndi MAP, FAP, kapena matenda ena.
N’chifukwa chiyani mapu amenewa amapangidwa? Kodi amaperekedwa bwanji kwa mibadwomibadwo?
MAP imachitika chifukwa cha kusintha, kapena kusintha kwa majini otchedwa `MUTYH` (omwe amatchedwanso MYH). Taganizirani za thupi lathu ngati buku lalikulu la maphikidwe, ndipo majini ndi maphikidwe omwe ali mmenemo. Ngati chilembo chimodzi mu maphikidwe a `MUTYH` chili cholakwika, chinthu chomwe chimapanga sichingagwire ntchito bwino. MAP ili choncho.
Tikutcha vutoli lobadwa nalo kuti ``autosomal recessive.'' Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuti mukhale ndi vutoli, muyenera kulandira jini lolakwikali kuchokera kwa amayi ndi abambo anu, kutanthauza, kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri.
Tangoganizani kuti mwalandira jini lolakwika ili kuchokera kwa munthu m'modzi yekha. Mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kwa amayi anu okha. Mukatero simudzadwala matenda a MAP. Koma mumatchedwa "wonyamula" wa MAP. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi jini lolakwika, koma mulibe matendawa. Ngati ndinu wonyamula, mutha kupatsira jini iyi kwa m'modzi mwa ana anu.
Akuti pakati pa 1% ndi 2% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi ndi omwe amanyamula MAP. Anthu omwe amanyamula matendawa alinso ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'matumbo kuposa anthu onse, koma osati chofanana ndi cha munthu amene ali ndi MAP.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kwa ana ngati makolo onse awiri ali ndi MAP?
Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Ngati makolo onse awiri ali ndi kachilomboka, pali njira zitatu zomwe mwana aliyense ali nazo.
| Mwayi | Zotsatira |
|---|---|
| Mwayi umodzi mwa 4 (25%) | Mwanayo salandira majini aliwonse olakwika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwanayo alibe matenda a MAP, komanso sali wonyamula matendawa. |
| Mwayi wa 2 mwa 4 (50%) | Mwanayo ndi amene amanyamula matendawa . Izi zikutanthauza kuti alibe matendawa, koma ali ndi mwayi wopatsira ana awo jini mtsogolo. |
| Mwayi umodzi mwa 4 (25%) | Mwanayo amalandira jini yolakwika kuchokera kwa makolo onse awiri. Mwanayu adzakhala ndi matenda a MAP . |
Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi MAP?
Kuzindikira matenda a MAP nthawi zambiri kumachitika m'magawo angapo.
1. Mbiri ya matenda a m'banja: Choyamba, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za mbiri ya thanzi la banja lanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo mbiri iliyonse ya khansa kapena matenda ena mwa makolo anu, agogo anu, ndi abale anu.
2. Mayeso a Majini: Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti muli ndi vuto la majini kutengera mbiri ya banja lanu, angakutumizireni kuti mukayesedwe majini. Mayesowa angakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini a `MUTYH` kapena matenda ena a majini omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa.
Dokotala nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuyezetsa majini pazochitika zotsatirazi:
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a majini monga MAP kapena FAP.
- Ngati anthu angapo m'banja mwanu adadwala khansa ya m'matumbo.
- M'modzi mwa abale kapena alongo anu ali ndi ma polyps ambiri m'matumbo awo, koma makolo awo alibe (izi zikupangitsa kuti kukayikira kuti makolowo ndi omwe ali ndi matendawa).
Ngati mayeso a majini atsimikizira kuti muli ndi MAP kapena ndinu wonyamula matendawa, dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani mwatsatanetsatane za njira zotsatirazi komanso mayeso omwe muyenera kuchita kuti mudziteteze ku khansa. Ndikofunikiranso kugawana izi ndi banja lanu lonse, chifukwa zidzawathandiza kuyezetsa ngati akufuna.
Chithandizo ndi kasamalidwe ka MAP
Pakadali pano palibe "mankhwala" a kusintha kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa MAP. Komabe, pali mayeso ndi mankhwala ambiri omwe angatithandize kupewa khansa, kapena kuzindikira ndikuchiza khansa pachiyambi kwambiri.
Ngati muli ndi MAP, mungafunike kuyezetsa khansa msanga komanso mobwerezabwereza kuposa munthu wamba.
| Mayeso Oyesera | Kufotokozera ndi malangizo |
|---|---|
| Colonoscopy | Izi zimaphatikizapo kufufuza mkati mwa matumbo anu ndi rectum pogwiritsa ntchito chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera yolumikizidwa. Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera ndikuchotsa ma polyps m'matumbo anu. Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuyamba mayesowa ali ndi zaka 20 kapena 10 musanakwanitse zaka zochepa kwambiri zomwe wina m'banja mwanu adadwala khansa ya m'matumbo, chilichonse chomwe chimabwera poyamba. |
| Endoscopy Yapamwamba | Kuyezetsa kumeneku kumafufuza m'mimba mwanu ndi m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono kuti mupeze ndikuchotsa ma polyps. Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti muyambe kuyezetsa uku ali ndi zaka 25. |
Zinthu zina zofunika kudziwa mukakumana ndi vutoli
Kodi ndingaletse izi kuti zisachitikire ana anga?
Palibe njira yopewera kusintha kwa majini a MUTYH. Komabe, pali njira zothandizira kubereka zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo cha mwana wamtsogolo kulandira MAP. Chitsanzo ndi njira yotchedwa preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) yomwe imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito in vitro fertilization (IVF). Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyesa mluza kuti awone matenda a majini asanaikidwe m'chiberekero cha mayi. Komabe, iyi ndi chisankho chovuta kwambiri, pazachuma komanso m'maganizo. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa izi, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito yobereka.
Kodi mungakhale bwanji olimba m'maganizo?
Mukazindikira kuti muli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa, mungakhale ndi nkhawa, mantha, komanso kuvutika maganizo. Izi ndi zachilendo. Koma musayese kuthana ndi malingaliro amenewa nokha. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za chithandizo ndipo, ngati pakufunika, pali mankhwala.
Komanso, zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri ngati mungalowe nawo m'magulu othandizira komwe mungalankhule ndi anthu omwe adakumanapo ndi zomwezo. Kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha.
Zingakhale zovuta kudziwa kuti muli ndi vuto la majini lomwe limawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha khansa. Koma simuli nokha. Gulu lanu lazachipatala, kuphatikizapo madokotala, lilipo kuti likuthandizeni kutenga udindo pa thanzi lanu. Ndi njira zamakono zoyesera, khansa imatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri ndikuzindikirika msanga ngati itakula.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- MAP ndi matenda a majini omwe amapatsirana kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo. Amawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya m'matumbo.
- Palibe zizindikiro zenizeni za matendawa. Njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi MAP ndi kudzera mu mayeso a majini.
- Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi khansa ya m'matumbo kapena ma polyps, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
- Ngati mwapezeka ndi MAP, njira yabwino yopewera khansa ndiyo kuyesedwa nthawi zonse, monga colonoscopy ndi endoscopy, monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizira.
- Mukayang'aniridwa bwino ndi kuyezetsa matenda, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathunthu.
- Musakumane ndi nkhawa zomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha matenda ngati amenewa nokha. Fufuzani thandizo lachipatala ndi la maganizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
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