Tiyeni tiphunzire za chithandizo chomwe chinaperekedwa musanachite opaleshoni ya khansa? (Neoadjuvant Therapy)

Kodi dokotala wanu wakuuzani kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa kuti akufunika opaleshoni ya khansa? Akanena zimenezo, mwina amakuuzaninso za 'chithandizo musanachite opaleshoni'. Izi zimatchedwa Neoadjuvant Therapy m'madokotala. Anthu ambiri akamva dzinali, amanjenjemera pang'ono, kuganiza kuti, "Ndichita opaleshoni, ndiye kodi ndiyenera kulandira chithandizo musanachite zimenezo?" Koma ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chingakuthandizeni kwambiri ndikukupatsani chiyembekezo. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, kuchotsa mantha ndi kukayikira konse komwe muli nako pankhaniyi.

Kodi chithandizo cha neoadjuvant n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, Neoadjuvant Therapy ndi njira yochizira yomwe imalola chotupa kuchepa, kutanthauza kuti, kukhala chochepa, musanachite opaleshoni kuti chichotsedwe. Taganizirani izi, pali chinthu chomwe chimakhala chovuta kuchotsa, monga mwala waukulu. N'zosavuta kuchiphwanya, kuchiphwanya, ndikuchichotsa, eti? Izi ndi zomwezo. Ngati chotupacho ndi chachikulu, zingakhale zovuta kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchichotsa kwathunthu. Koma chotupacho chikachepa ndi mankhwala awa, opaleshoniyo imakhala yosavuta komanso yopambana.

Nthawi zina mankhwala amenewa amakhala opambana kwambiri moti chotupacho chimatha kwathunthu ndipo opaleshoni siikufunika. Dokotala wanu angatchulenso kuti "perioperative therapy" kapena "induction therapy." Zonsezi ndi zofanana.

Kodi mankhwala amenewa ndi ati?

Njira yochizira ya `neoadjuvant` iyi imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu kutengera mtundu ndi mtundu wa khansa yanu. Tiyeni tiwone njira zazikulu.

Nthawi zina gulu lanu lingaphatikizepo mankhwala awiriwa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi radiation amaperekedwa pamodzi (neoadjuvant chemoradiation). Mankhwalawa amatha kutenga milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo, kapena chaka chimodzi. Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imachitika mkati mwa mwezi umodzi kuchokera pamene chithandizo chatha.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu iti ya khansa?

Madokotala a khansa amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pa mitundu yoposa khumi ndi iwiri ya khansa, kuphatikizapo:

• Khansa ya m'mawere: Pa mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mawere, mankhwala a chemotherapy, mahomoni, kapena immunotherapy amaperekedwa opaleshoni isanachitike.
• Khansa ya m'matumbo: Ngati khansa yafalikira ku chiwindi, chemotherapy ingaperekedwe musanachite opaleshoni.
• Khansa ya M'mapapo: Mankhwala a chemotherapy nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pa mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe yafalikira.
• Khansa ya Prostate: Khansa iyi imayambitsidwa ndi testosterone ya mahomoni a amuna. Imawongoleredwa ndi mankhwala a mahomoni.
• Khansa ya m'matumbo: N'zofalanso kuti izi ziperekedwe pamodzi ndi chithandizo cha radiation ndi chemotherapy.

Kodi ubwino wa njira imeneyi yochiritsira ndi wotani?

Pali maubwino angapo a izi. Kudziwa izi kudzakuthandizani kuthetsa mantha anu a chithandizochi.

• Zotupa zazing'ono: Monga tafotokozera kale, zotupa zazikulu zimakhala zochepa , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti opaleshoni ikhale yosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chotupa chili chochepa pa khansa ya m'mawere, m'malo mwa opaleshoni ya mastectomy, yomwe imachotsa bere lonse, opaleshoni yaying'ono yotchedwa lumpectomy ingachitike, yomwe imachotsa chotupa chokha.
• Kutha kwathunthu kwa zotupa zina: Nthawi zina zotupa zazing'ono zimatha kusungunuka kwathunthu ndipo opaleshoni singakhale yofunikira.
• Kuchepetsa nthawi yochira:Opaleshoni ikakhala yaying'ono, mabala m'thupi lanu amakhala ochepa. Choncho mutha kuchira mwachangu ndikubwerera ku moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kupambana kwa chithandizo kungayesedwe: Pochiza asanachite opaleshoni, madokotala amatha kuona momwe khansa ikuyankhira chithandizocho komanso momwe chotupacho chikuchepera mofulumira. Izi zimawathandiza kupanga zisankho zabwino zokhudzana ndi chithandizo chamtsogolo.
• Kupha maselo a khansa obisika: Nthawi zina, maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe amachoka pa chotupa chachikulu, saoneka ndi maso, ndipo sangadziwike ndi ma scan, ndipo amatha kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi (micrometastases). Maselo obisika awa amaphedwanso ndi mankhwala monga chemotherapy, omwe amakhudza thupi lonse.
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa: Kafukufuku wina wapeza kuti chithandizo cha neoadjuvant chimachepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso kwa khansa ikachira.

Kodi palibe zotsatirapo zake?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse cha khansa, zotsatirapo zake zimatha kuchitika. Koma zomwe zimachitika zimadalira mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mukulandira. Zina mwa zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri ndi izi:

• Chilakolako cha chakudya
• Kutsegula m'mimba
• Kutopa
• Kutaya kukoma kwa lilime (ageusia)
• Kusanza ndi kusanza

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chithandizo cha Neoadjuvant ndi chithandizo cha adjuvant?

Mwina munamvapo za `Adjuvant Therapy`. Zonsezi ndi mankhwala operekedwa ngati chithandizo cha opaleshoni ya khansa. Kusiyana kwake kuli pa nthawi ya chithandizocho.

Ngati mukuganiza izi ngati marathon, `Neoadjuvant therapy` ili ngati 'kutentha thupi' musanayambe mpikisano. Imakukonzekeretsani bwino mpikisano. `Adjuvant therapy` ili ngati 'kuzizira thupi' mutatha mpikisano, imachotsa mavuto aliwonse otsala ndikukupangitsani kuti muchire bwino.