Kodi ma enzyme ndi chiyani? Kodi mukudziwa chifukwa chake ndi ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu?

Mwina munamvapo kale mawu oti "ma enzyme". Nthawi zina mungawasokoneze ndi vitamini. Koma ma enzyme ndi ngwazi zazing'ono m'thupi lathu zomwe zimagwira ntchito zambiri mwakachetechete koma zofunika. Kodi tikambirane izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse?

Nanga n’chiyani kwenikweni chimachitika ndi ma enzyme amenewa?

Mwachidule, ma enzyme ndi othandiza pang'ono omwe amafulumizitsa zochita za mankhwala m'thupi lathu. Taganizirani izi, mukadya chakudya, muyenera kuchigaya. Ma enzyme ndi ofunikira pazinthu zonsezi, kuphatikizapo kugaya chakudya, kutseka magazi, ndi kukula kwa thupi. Sikuti zokha, ma enzyme nawonso amakhudzidwa ndi momwe minofu yathu imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe matenda ena amakulira. Ndipotu, ma enzyme amachita gawo lalikulu kwambiri pazinthu zambiri zofunika zomwe zimachitika m'thupi lathu kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Taganizirani, mumadya chakudya. Matupi athu sangathe kuyamwa zinthu monga starch, mapuloteni, ndi mafuta mwachindunji. Amafunika kugawidwa m'zidutswa zazing'ono. Ndicho chimene ma enzyme amachita. Zili ngati kudula pepala lalikulu kukhala zidutswa zazing'ono ndi lumo. Kapena, ganizirani za kutseka magazi. Mukadula kwinakwake, limaletsa kutuluka magazi. Ndicho chimene ma enzyme amathandiza nacho. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, popanda ma enzyme, miyoyo yathu ingakhale yovuta kwambiri.

Kodi ma enzyme amenewa amapangidwa bwanji?

Ma enzyme nthawi zambiri ndi mapuloteni apadera omwe amapangidwa m'thupi lathu . Monga mukudziwa, mapuloteni ndi michere yomwe imathandiza kumanga, kusunga, ndikukula minofu yatsopano m'thupi lathu. Mofananamo, mapuloteni otchedwa ma enzyme amapangidwanso m'thupi lathu. Komanso, nthawi zina ma enzyme amapangidwa m'ma laboratories . Nthawi zambiri timawona izi ngati "zowonjezera zakudya." Komabe, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala musanamwe chinthu chonga ichi.

Ndiye kodi ma enzyme amenewa amagwira ntchito bwanji? N'zodabwitsa, sichoncho?

Iyi ndi nkhani yosangalatsa kwambiri. Enzyme imagwira ntchito pomangirira ku molekyulu inayake mkati mwa maselo athu ndikufulumizitsa kayendedwe ka mankhwala okhudzana ndi molekyuluyo . Taganizirani ngati kiyi yolowera mu loko. Enzyme iliyonse ili ndi molekyulu inayake yomwe imagwira ntchito yake, yokhayo.

Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti, pamene mankhwala amenewa achitika, enzyme siitha ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, enzyme imatha kumangirira ku mamolekyu atsopano ndikuchita zomwezo mobwerezabwereza. Zili ngati makanika waluso, pogwiritsa ntchito chida chomwecho kuti agwire ntchito zambiri.

Ma enzyme ena amamanga zinthu mwa kuphatikiza zinthu pamodzi. Ma enzyme ena amaphwanya zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, ma enzyme omwe amatithandiza kugaya chakudya chomwe timadya amaphwanya tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta chakudya kukhala tating'onoting'ono.

Ndi mitundu iti ya ma enzyme yomwe ilipo?

Mungadabwe kudziwa kuti pali ma enzyme ambirimbiri m'thupi lathu! Chilichonse chili ndi ntchito yakeyake. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zofunika kwambiri.

• Amylase: Izi ndi zomwe timadya, monga buledi ndi mpunga.Zimathandiza kugaya zakudya zomwe zili ndi starch .
• Lipase: Enzyme iyi imathandiza kugaya mafuta ndi mafuta.
• Mapuloteni: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pogaya zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, monga nyama, nsomba , ndi mazira .
• Creatine Kinase (CK): Enzyme iyi imathandiza minofu yathu kumanga mphamvu. Anthu ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwina adamvapo izi.
• Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) ndi Alanine Aminotransferase ( ALT ): Ma enzyme awiriwa amapezeka makamaka m'chiwindi. Amathandiza kusintha chakudya chomwe timadya kukhala mphamvu. Amayesedwa m'magazi omwe amafufuza mavuto a chiwindi.
• Thrombin: Enzyme yofunika kwambiri yomwe imathandiza magazi kuundana pamene pali kuvulala.
• Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD): Enzyme iyi imafunika kuti maselo ofiira a magazi athu agwire ntchito bwino.
• DNA Polymerase: Monga mukudziwa, DNA ndi chinthu chomwe chili ndi chidziwitso cha majini athu. Chifukwa chake, kuti minofu yatsopano ipangidwe komanso kuti thupi likule, DNA iyi iyenera kukopedwa. Enzyme iyi imathandiza pa izi.

Izi ndi zochepa chabe. Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma enzyme m'thupi lathu.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi ma enzyme ndi ati?

Nthawi zina, thupi lathu limatha kusowa kapena kusapanga enzyme yokwanira yomwe limafunikira. Apa ndi pamene mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo amabuka. Nazi zina mwa matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mavuto okhudzana ndi ma enzyme:

• Kusalolera kwa Lactose: Ili ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri ali nalo. Vutoli limachitika pamene enzyme ya "lactase" yomwe imathandiza kugaya lactose, shuga wopezeka mu mkaka ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mkaka, yachepa. Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro monga mpweya , kupweteka m'mimba, komanso kudzimbidwa.
• Phenylketonuria (PKU): Iyi ndi matenda a majini. Amayambitsidwa ndi vuto la enzyme yomwe imaphwanya amino acid. Izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ubongo ndi matenda monga khunyu. Ngati yapezeka msanga, imatha kuchiritsidwa.
• Matenda a Morquio: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kapena kusakwanira kwa enzyme yomwe imaphwanya mtundu wa shuga. Izi zingayambitse mavuto a maso, kumva, mafupa, ndi mtima.
• Matenda a Tay-Sachs: Uwu ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha majini. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa enzyme inayake, mapuloteni amafuta amasungidwa mu ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ubongo ndi msana ziwonongeke.
• Galactosemia: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la ma enzyme omwe amaswa galactose, shuga wopezeka mu mkaka. Izi zingayambitse kulephera kukula, kunenepa pang'ono, komanso kuchedwa kukula kwa ana.
• Matenda a Wilson: Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la enzyme m'chiwindi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mkuwa wachitsulo udziunjikane m'chiwindi, muubongo, ndi ziwalo zina.
• Matenda a Gilbert: Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la enzyme yomwe imaphwanya chinthu chotchedwa bilirubin. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi chikasu cha maso ndi khungu, vuto lofanana ndi jaundice.

Pali matenda ambiri okhudzana ndi ma enzyme ngati awa. Matenda aliwonse amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ntchito ya enzyme inayake.

Kodi ma enzymes awa owonjezera zakudya ndi ati?

Zakudya zowonjezera ma enzyme ndi ma enzyme omwe amapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zakunja kuti athandize matupi athu kuchita ntchito yomweyi yomwe ma enzyme a thupi lathu amachita. Nthawi zina madokotala amalimbikitsa mitundu iyi ya ma enzyme. Mwachitsanzo:

• Amachepetsa mpweya ndi kutupa kwa thupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la lactose .
• Pofuna kuthandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga cystic fibrosis , chakudya chimagayidwa bwino.

Komabe, muyenera kukumbukira izi. Ma enzyme ena othandizira sakuthandizani kupititsa patsogolo luso lanu la masewera kapena kuchepetsa thupi monga momwe zalengezedwa. Zonena zotere sizingatsimikizidwe mwasayansi. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mosayenera ma enzyme amenewa kungayambitse mavuto paumoyo.

Choncho, musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse owonjezera zakudya, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni upangiri. Iye angakuuzeni ngati mukufunikiradi kapena ayi, komanso ngati ndi oyenera thanzi lanu.

Ndiye, taphunzira chiyani kuchokera mu nkhaniyi? (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, lero takambirana zambiri za ma enzyme, sichoncho?

• Ma enzyme ndi zinthu zazing'ono koma zamphamvu zomwe zimathandiza pafupifupi njira zonse zofunika m'thupi lathu. Ma enzyme ndi ofunikira pa chilichonse kuyambira kugaya chakudya mpaka magazi kuundana, kukula, ndi kupanga mphamvu.
• Ngakhale matupi athu amapanga ma enzyme amenewa, nthawi zina pamakhala ma enzyme ena omwe angatengedwe kunja.
• Ngati pali kusowa kwa ma enzyme, kungayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana.Chifukwa chake, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa ma enzyme ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lathu lonse.
• Si ma enzyme onse omwe alipo pamsika omwe amagwira ntchito kwa aliyense, choncho musayese izi popanda upangiri wa dokotala.

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti mwamvetsa bwino za ma enzyme. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!