Zonse zokhudza mankhwala a matenda a Parkinson: Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule

Kodi pali wina m'banja mwanu, mwina bambo anu, amayi anu, kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa, amene akudwala matenda a Parkinson? Muyenera kuti munamva chisoni kwambiri kuona manja awo akugwedezeka, kuvutika kwawo kuyenda, thupi lawo likuuma, komanso nkhope zawo zikutaya kumva konse. Sikophweka kukhala ndi matendawa. Koma chinthu chabwino kwambiri ndi chakuti ndi sayansi ya zamankhwala yapita patsogolo masiku ano, ndi mankhwala oyenera, mutha kuwongolera zizindikirozi kwambiri ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino. Choncho lero, tiyeni tikambirane mosavuta komanso mokoma mtima za mankhwala operekedwa a matenda a Parkinson.

Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone, kodi matenda a Parkinson ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Tiyeni timvetse izi mosavuta. Matenda a Parkinson ndi matenda okhudzana ndi dongosolo lathu la mitsempha. Makamaka, ubongo wathu. Ndi vuto lomwe limakula pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi . Pali gawo la ubongo wathu lotchedwa `substantia nigra` lomwe limalamulira kayendedwe ka thupi. Maselo a mitsempha m'derali amawonongeka ndipo pang'onopang'ono amafa.

Maselo amitsempha awa amapanga mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri, 'neurotransmitter', m'thupi lathu. Dzina lake ndi dopamine . Dopamine iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti mayendedwe a thupi lathu akhale osalala komanso olamulidwa. Chifukwa chake, maselo amitsempha amenewo akawonongeka, kuchuluka kwa dopamine muubongo kumachepa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zizindikiro monga kunjenjemera, kuvutika kuyenda, komanso kuuma kumachitika mu matenda a Parkinson.

Mankhwala akuluakulu a matenda a Parkinson

Pochiza matenda a Parkinson, madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, m'malo mwa mankhwala amodzi. Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi zizindikiro za munthu, zaka, komanso gawo la matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu ya mankhwala.

1. Levodopa ndi Carbidopa

Uwu ndiye mankhwala ofunikira komanso othandiza kwambiri a matenda a Parkinson. Umatchedwanso muyezo wagolide.

• Levodopa: Mankhwalawa akalowa m'thupi lathu, amalowa muubongo ndipo amasanduka dopamine. Ndiko kuti, mankhwalawa amabwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa dopamine komwe kwatha muubongo.
• Carbidopa: Koma pali vuto. Ngati titenga levodopa yokha, yambiri imawonongeka ndi ma enzyme m'thupi lathu isanafike ku ubongo. Pofuna kuthetsa izi, mankhwala otchedwa carbidopa amaperekedwa pamodzi ndi levodopa. Carbidopa imalola kuti levodopa yambiri ifike ku ubongo mosamala. Komanso, carbidopa imathandiza kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa za kumwa levodopa yokha, monga nseru ndi kusanza.

Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa zizindikiro za bradykinesia, kuuma, ndi kunjenjemera.

2. Otsutsa a Dopamine

Mankhwala amtundu uwu ali ngati wosewera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, si dopamine kwenikweni. Koma amapita ku ubongo ndikuchita ngati dopamine. Amathandizira ma dopamine receptors mu ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa ubongo kumva kuti dopamine ilipo.

Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, makamaka kwa odwala achichepere. Nthawi zina angathandize kuti levodopa igwire ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

• Pramipexole (Mirapex®)
• Ropinirole (Requip®)
• Rotigotine (Neupro®)

3. Zoletsa Enzyme

Musachite mantha mukamva dzinali. Ndi losavuta. Tinanena kale kuti pali ma enzyme m'thupi mwathu omwe amaphwanya dopamine. Chomwe mankhwalawa amachita ndikuletsa ntchito ya ma enzyme amenewo. Kenako dopamine muubongo siiwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya izi:

• Ma Inhibitors a MAO-B: Izi zimaletsa ntchito ya `MAO-B`, enzyme yaikulu yomwe imaphwanya dopamine muubongo. Zitsanzo: `Selegiline`, `Rasagiline`.
• COMT Inhibitors: Izi zimaletsa enzyme ya `COMT` yomwe imaphwanya dopamine, yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku levodopa. Chifukwa cha izi, zotsatira za levodopa zimakhala nthawi yayitali. Zitsanzo: `Entacapone`, `Opicapone`.

4. Amantadine

Odwala ena omwe amamwa mankhwala monga levodopa kwa nthawi yayitali amatha kuyamba kusuntha mwadzidzidzi (dyskinesia). Amantadine imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda awa. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti poyamba idapangidwa ngati mankhwala oletsa mavairasi. Koma pambuyo pake idapezeka kuti imathandizanso ndi zizindikiro za Parkinson.

5. Mankhwala Oletsa Kutupa kwa Khungu

Mankhwalawa amathandiza kwambiri pakunjenjemera ndi kulimba.Kulamulira. Pamene dopamine muubongo wathu imachepa, mphamvu ya `neurotransmitter` ina yotchedwa acetylcholine imawonjezeka. Mankhwalawa amaletsa mphamvu ya acetylcholine imeneyo. Zitsanzo: `Benztropine`, `Trihexyphenidyl`.

Mankhwala a zizindikiro zina zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kuyenda

Matenda a Parkinson samangokhudza kuyenda kokha. Angayambitsenso mavuto ena, monga kudzimbidwa, mavuto ogona, kuvutika maganizo, komanso kusokonezeka kwa kugonana. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala pa chilichonse mwa izi.

Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwalawa.

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala a Parkinson amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Ndikofunikira kudziwa izi pasadakhale. Komabe, si aliyense amene amakumana ndi zotsatirapo zake. Komanso, zina mwa izi zimatha pamene mankhwalawo akupitiliza kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kodi mankhwala si okwanira? Nanga ndi chiyani china chomwe chingachitike?

Mankhwala ndi gawo limodzi chabe la nkhondoyi. Ngati muchita zinthu zina zingapo pamodzi ndi mankhwala, mutha kuwongolera bwino zizindikiro zanu ndikukhala osangalala.

Kuchiza Thupi

Izi ndi zofunika kuchita. Pali mapulogalamu ochiritsira thupi makamaka kwa odwala a Parkinson. Izi zikuthandizani,

• Mukhoza kukonza bwino kayendedwe ka thupi lanu.
• Zingawonjezere kukhazikika kwa thupi.
• Zimathandiza kwambiri kuti munthu akhale ndi moyo wokangalika.

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi

Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi matenda a Parkinson. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndiye chinthu chokhacho chomwe chatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti chimachepetsa kukula kwa matendawa. Ndi bwino kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi a mtima osachepera mphindi 150 pa sabata. Zinthu monga kukwera njinga, nkhonya, ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mpaka nyimbo zimathandiza kwambiri.

Kusamalira thanzi la maganizo

Munthu akadwala matenda a nthawi yayitali monga a Parkinson, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa, nkhawa, komanso nkhawa. Choncho, ngati mukumva choncho, ndikofunika kuti musachite manyazi ndi izi ndipo funani thandizo kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo, monga katswiri wa zamaganizo .

Kodi muyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala wanu liti?

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Parkinson, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito komanso ngati zizindikiro zatsopano zayamba. Onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala makamaka pazochitika izi.

• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zomwe simungathe kuzipirira .
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha kapena kuipiraipira .
• Ngati mukufuna kusiya kumwa mankhwala anu , (Musapange chisankho ichi nokha!)