Tiyeni tiphunzire mwachidule za Pericardiectomy (opaleshoni yochotsera nembanemba yozungulira mtima).

Mtima wathu uli ngati chuma chamtengo wapatali, sichoncho? Choncho chilengedwe chapanga chinthu chodabwitsa choteteza chuma chimenecho. Chimenecho ndi nembanemba yopyapyala yomwe imazungulira mtima. Koma nthawi zina chitetezo ichi chingayambitse mavuto pamtima. Nthawi ngati zimenezi, nembanemba iyi imayenera kuchotsedwa opaleshoni. Ndicho chimene tikukamba lero.

Kodi opaleshoni ya pericarditis ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, opaleshoni ya pericardial ndi opaleshoni yochotsa pericardium yonse kapena gawo lake, nembanemba yomwe imazungulira mtima wanu. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa "pericardial stripping."

Taganizirani izi, pericardium iyi ili ngati thumba la nembanemba ziwiri lomwe limasunga mtima. Pali madzi ochepa kwambiri pakati pa nembanemba ziwirizi. Ndi madziwo omwe amathandiza mtima kugunda bwino komanso popanda kukangana kulikonse.

Kodi tingakhale popanda pericardium iyi?

Inde, n'zotheka ndithu. Pericardium yokha si yofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwabwinobwino kwa mtima. Ngati mapapu anu ndi diaphragm, minofu yomwe imalekanitsa chifuwa chanu ndi mimba, zili bwino, sipadzakhala vuto pochotsa pericardium.

Ndipotu, munthu akadwala matenda a pericardium, pericardium imataya kusalala kwake, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kuchepetsa kukangana. Choncho kuchotsa sikupangitsa kuti vutoli liipireipire.

Kodi zifukwa zochitira opaleshoni ya pericarditis ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri cha opaleshoniyi ndi vuto lotchedwa Constrictive Pericarditis . Izi zimachitika pamene nembanemba yozungulira mtima imakhala yolimba, yolimba, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala ndi calcium yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba ngati mwala.

Tangoganizirani zomwe zimachitika thumba lozungulira mtima likamangika mwadzidzidzi.

• Mtima umakokedwa mwamphamvu ndipo sungathe kukokana.
• Chifukwa chake, zipinda zamtima sizidzaza ndi magazi okwanira.
• Magazi obwera kumtima amakakamizidwa kubwerera ku mapapo.
• Mtima sungathe kupompa magazi mwachizolowezi.
• Izi zimapangitsa kuti miyendo ndi mimba zitupa, zomwe zimafanana ndi zizindikiro za kulephera kwa mtima.

Opaleshoni iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera mavuto aakulu a Constrictive Pericarditis.

Zifukwa za Constrictive Pericarditis

• Idiopathic: Nthawi zambiri, palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chingapezeke.
• Opaleshoni ya mtima yapitayi: Ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha opaleshoni yapitayi.
• Chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa: Chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa cha matenda monga khansa.
• Matenda monga chifuwa chachikulu: Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda enaake.
• Matenda a mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya:Izi zitha kuchitikanso chifukwa cha matenda ena opatsirana.

Kuphatikiza apo, opaleshoni iyi imachitika m'matenda ena angapo:

• Pericarditis Yobwerezabwereza: Ngati vutoli likupitirirabe ngakhale mutalandira mankhwala.
• Zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala oletsa kutupa: Ngati mavuto achitika chifukwa cha mankhwala monga ma steroid omwe amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kulimba kwa pericardial.
• Kuthamanga kwa mtima: Kawirikawiri, izi zimachitikanso pamene madzi amasonkhana mozungulira mtima ndikuukakamiza.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike komanso ikachitika?

Musanachite opaleshoni

Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakonza zida zonse zofunika kuti opaleshoniyi ichitike mosamala. Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wa opaleshoni amagwiritsa ntchito makina odulira mtima ndi mapapo, omwe amadziwikanso kuti makina odulira mtima ndi mapapo. Makinawa amatenga ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo kwakanthawi panthawi ya opaleshoniyi. Izi zimathandiza dokotalayo kuchotsa bwino pericardium mbali zonse ziwiri komanso kumbuyo kwa mtima.

Pa nthawi ya opaleshoni

1. Kuduladula: Dokotala amaduladula pakati pa chifuwa chanu, m'mbali mwa fupa la pachifuwa (sternum), kuti afike pamtima. Izi zimatchedwa Median Sternotomy .

2. Kuchotsa pericardium: Nembanemba ya pericardial imachotsedwa mosamala kuchokera mumtima.

3. Kukonza sternum: Chigoba cha sternum chimakonzedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito mawaya.

4. Kusoka chodulidwa: Pomaliza, chodulidwacho chimatsekedwa ndi zosokera.

Opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi zambiri imatenga maola awiri kapena atatu, koma nthawi ino ingasiyane ngati njira zina zikuchitidwa nthawi imodzi.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?

Mudzamva kupweteka pang'ono mukadzuka mutachita opaleshoni. Mudzayikidwanso chubu chimodzi kapena zingapo (drain) pachifuwa panu kuti mutulutse madzi ochulukirapo. Mudzatha kumwa madzi kuyambira tsiku lotsatira opaleshoni kenako pang'onopang'ono kudya chakudya. Mungafunike kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya okodzetsa, ngakhale kuti ndi ochepa kuposa omwe munkamwa musanachite opaleshoni.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni yaikulu iliyonse, pali ubwino ndi zoopsa zake. Kusankha dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito ya mtima kungachepetse zoopsa zake.

Anthu omwe adachitidwapo opaleshoni ya mtima kale, omwe ali ndi matenda ena akuluakulu, kapena omwe adalandira chithandizo cha radiation ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha zovuta.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?

Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pafupifupi asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri . Mukapita kunyumba, mutha kupewa kunyamula zinthu zolemera ndikuyambiranso pang'onopang'ono zochita zina zachizolowezi.

Zimatenga pakati pa masabata 6 ndi 8 kuti munthu achire bwino. Nthawi imeneyi imatha kusiyana malinga ndi momwe matenda anu analili musanachite opaleshoni. Zingatenge nthawi yayitali kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Komabe, anthu ambiri amamva bwino nthawi yomweyo atachita opaleshoni.

Kodi muyenera kukaonananso ndi dokotala wanu liti?

Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu wa mtima mkati mwa sabata imodzi kapena ziwiri mutatuluka kuchipatala. Muyeneranso kuyesedwa mtima ndi echocardiogram (ultrasound scan of the heart) milungu isanu ndi umodzi mutachitidwa opaleshoni.

Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuchitika:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Malungo
• Ngati pali madzi ambiri ochokera pa bala la opaleshoni kuposa masiku onse

Kuchotsa mtima, Pericardiocentesis ndi Pericardiotomy - Kodi kusiyana kwake ndi kotani?

Mayina atatuwa ndi ofanana pang'ono, kotero zingakhale zosokoneza. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kwake.