Kodi mumamva kupweteka kwa miyendo yanu, makamaka m'dera la mwana wa ng'ombe, mukamayenda? Kodi mumamva ngati miyendo yanu ikutaya mphamvu mutayenda mtunda waufupi, ndipo imawoneka ngati ikuchepa mukapuma? Mwina mtsempha wamagazi m'mwendo wanu ukutsekeka pang'onopang'ono. Matendawa timawatcha Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). Lero tikulankhula za opaleshoni yapadera yomwe imachitika pamene vutoli lili lalikulu ndipo silingathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala ena.
Kodi Peripheral Artery Bypass ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, zili ngati kumanga njira yatsopano yodutsa kuti tipewe magalimoto ambiri pamsewu. Cholesterol ndi zinthu zina zamafuta zimasonkhana m'mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita m'thupi lathu, makamaka ku miyendo yathu, ndipo imapanga "chikwakwa." Pakapita nthawi, chikwakwa ichi chimawonjezeka ndikutseka mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimachotsa mpweya ndi zakudya zomwe zimafunikira m'miyendo yathu.
Chifukwa chake, mu opaleshoni ya Peripheral Artery Bypass , dokotalayo amapanga njira yatsopano yodutsa mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi wochokera m'thupi lanu (nthawi zambiri mtsempha wochokera kumwendo wanu) kapena cholumikizira. Izi zimalumikizidwa pamwamba ndi pansi pa malo otsekedwa, ndikupanga njira yatsopano yoti magazi ayende.
Ndani kwenikweni amene akufunikira opaleshoni iyi?
Opaleshoni iyi si ya aliyense amene ali ndi PAD. Dokotala wanu adzayesa kaye mankhwala, kusintha moyo wake (monga kusiya kusuta fodya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso kudya zakudya zina), komanso mwina njira zina zochizira matenda zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuduladula pang'ono (monga angioplasty kapena stenting).
Opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe sanapambane ndi njira iliyonse mwa izi komanso omwe atseka kwambiri gawo lalikulu la mitsempha yawo yamagazi.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zoganizira opaleshoni iyi.
| Chizindikiro | Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Kupweteka kwa mwendo poyenda kapena usiku | Ululu uwu umachitika minofu ikasowa mpweya chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi. Ngati ululuwo ndi waukulu kwambiri moti simungathe kugona usiku, ndi vuto lalikulu. |
| Mabala osachiritsa pa miyendo | Chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa magazi, mabala salandira zakudya zomwe amafunikira kuti achiritse. Ngakhale kukanda pang'ono kumatha kusanduka bala lalikulu. |
| Kufa kwa minofu (Gangrene) | Iyi ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri. Pamene magazi opita ku mwendo atsala pang'ono kudulidwa, zala za mapazi kapena ziwalo zina za phazi zimakhala zakuda ndikuyamba kufa. Ngati opaleshoni siichitika panthawiyi, mwendo ungafunike kudulidwa. |
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani musanachite opaleshoni?
Dokotala akasankha kukuchitirani opaleshoniyi, adzakuyesani mayeso angapo kuti aone ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Onani momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito.
- Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Onani komwe mitsempha yamagazi yatsekeka komanso momwe ilili yoopsa.
- Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuyesa zinthu monga shuga m'magazi, cholesterol, ndi momwe impso zimagwirira ntchito.
- Kuyesa kupsinjika maganizo: Kuyesa kumeneku nthawi zina kumachitika kuti awone momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, muyenera kusiya kusuta kwathunthu milungu ingapo opaleshoni yanu isanachitike. Kusuta fodya kumatsekereza mitsempha yamagazi yanu ndipo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta mukatha opaleshoni. Muyeneranso kupewa kudya kapena kumwa pambuyo pa pakati pausiku usiku opaleshoni yanu isanachitike komanso kusiya kumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani kuti musiye.
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?
Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu (kutaya chidziwitso chonse) kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse panthawi ya opaleshoni. Kenako, dokotalayo adzacheka ming'alu yayitali ya mainchesi 4-8 pamwamba ndi pansi pa mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa. Ngati mtsempha wathanzi m'mwendo wanu ukugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira yodutsa magazi, kudulako kwina kudzapangidwanso pankhaniyi.
Kenako chogwiriracho chimasokedwa mosamala ku mitsempha yamagazi yathanzi pamwamba ndi pansi pa kutsekeka. Magazi atsopano akangopangidwa, chochekacho chimatsekedwa ndi zosokera kapena zomangira. Njira yonseyi imatha kutenga maola awiri mpaka asanu ndi limodzi, kutengera kuuma kwa opaleshoniyo.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku pafupifupi awiri mpaka asanu. Panthawiyi, madokotala ndi anamwino adzayang'ana kugunda kwa mtima wanu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi malungo nthawi zonse. Chofunika kwambiri, adzayang'ana nthawi zonse kuti atsimikizire kuti magazi akuyenda bwino kupita ku mwendo womwe wachitidwa opaleshoni. Adzakupatsani mankhwala opweteka.
Mukapita kunyumba, dokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala angapo kuti mupitirize kumwa.
- Mankhwala a mtundu wa statin (ochepetsa cholesterol).
- Mankhwala monga Aspirin kapena Clopidogrel (oletsa magazi kuundana mu chopatsira chatsopano).
Ndizachilendo kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kupweteka kapena dzanzi pamalo odulidwa ziwalo, kutupa pang'ono m'miyendo, ndi kupweteka kwa minofu mukamayenda m'masabata oyamba mutabwerera kunyumba. Izi zimachepa pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Zingatenge milungu 6-8 kuti muchiritse bwino.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoniyi ndi ziti?
Monga opaleshoni iliyonse yaikulu, opaleshoni iyi ili ndi ubwino komanso zoopsa zina.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa/Zovuta |
|---|---|
| Kuchepetsa ululu waukulu wa mwendo womwe sunathetsedwe ndi mankhwala ena. | Magazi amaundana. |
| Mabala osachiritsidwa ayamba kuchira. | Matenda m'mabala. |
| Chotsani chiopsezo chotaya mwendo chifukwa cha chilonda. | Kutuluka magazi kwambiri. |
| Zotsatira zokhalitsa (60%-85% ya opaleshoni yopatsirana mafupa imagwirabe ntchito bwino ngakhale patatha zaka 5). | Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha m'dera la opaleshoni. |
| Moyo wabwino komanso kuyenda bwino. | Chiwopsezo chochepa cha matenda a mtima (pafupifupi 3% ya maopaleshoni). |
Anthu ambiri samakhala ndi mavuto aakulu. Komabe, anthu azaka zopitirira 70 komanso omwe ali ndi matenda ena, monga matenda a shuga kapena matenda a impso, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto. Nthawi zina, ngakhale graft yatsopano ikhoza kutsekedwa patatha zaka zambiri. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, chithandizo chingafunike kubwerezedwanso.
Mukapita kunyumba, ngati mukuyamba kutentha thupi, kumva kuzizira, kutuluka madzi ngati mafinya pamalo ochitira opaleshoni, kapena ngati kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa mtundu, mawonekedwe, kapena momwe mwendo wanu umamvera, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi ya chipatala (ETU) mwamsanga.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Opaleshoni ya Peripheral Artery Bypass ndi opaleshoni yaikulu yomwe imachitidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitsempha yamagazi yotsekeka kwambiri m'miyendo yawo omwe sanayankhe chithandizo china.
- Ngati mukusuta, ndikofunikira kusiya kwathunthu musanachite opaleshoni komanso mutachita opaleshoni kuti mupambane.
- Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa nthawi yake. Musaiwale kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, makamaka.
- Musaphonye nthawi iliyonse yokumana ndi dokotala mutatha opaleshoni. Dokotala wanu ayenera kuyang'ana magazi m'miyendo yanu nthawi zonse.
- Ngati muwona kutentha thupi, kutuluka madzi kuchokera ku chovulalacho, kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa mwendo wanu, funsani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
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