Magazi m'thupi lathu ndi madzi odabwitsa, sichoncho? Ndi magazi awa omwe amanyamula zakudya ndi mpweya kupita ku ziwalo zonse za thupi lathu, ndipo amatiteteza ku matenda. Koma nthawi zina, zinthu zina m'magazi awa zimayamba kubweretsa mavuto m'thupi lathu. Pamenepo ndi pomwe tidzakambirana za njira yovuta koma yofunika kwambiri yothandizira yomwe imabweretsa chithandizo.
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone, kodi plasma iyi ndi chiyani?
Tikamalankhula za magazi, timaganiza za madzi ofiira. Koma magazi amenewa ali ndi magawo anayi akuluakulu.
1. Maselo ofiira a m'magazi: Maselo omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse.
2. Maselo oyera a m'magazi: Gulu lathu lankhondo lomwe limalimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amayambitsa matenda.
3. Ma platelet: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasiya kutuluka magazi pakakhala bala.
4. Plasma: Iyi ndi madzi achikasu omwe maselo onse omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa amayandama. Ali ngati masamba omwe akuyandama mu supu. Plasma iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala madzi. Koma ilinso ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika m'thupi lathu, monga mapuloteni ndi ma electrolyte. Mapuloteni ena (antibodies) omwe amateteza thupi lathu ku matenda amapezekanso mu plasma iyi.
Tsopano popeza muli ndi lingaliro lomveka bwino la plasma, tiyeni tiwone njira ziwirizi.
Kusiyana pakati pa Plasmapheresis ndi Plasma Exchange
Ngakhale mayina awiriwa amamveka ofanana mukamva, pali kusiyana pang'ono.
- Plasmapheresis: Mwachidule, iyi ndi njira yolekanitsira plasma yokha ndi magazi. Nthawi zambiri, njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenga magazi kuchokera kwa munthu wathanzi, kulekanitsa plasma kuchokera kwa iwo, ndikupatsa wodwala wina. Ndi kupereka plasma, monga momwe kupereka magazi kumakhalira.
- Kusinthana kwa Magazi: Iyi ndi njira yochizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga magazi kuchokera kwa wodwala, kugwiritsa ntchito makina apadera kuchotsa plasma yomwe ili ndi vuto , kuisintha ndi plasma yathanzi kapena madzi ena ofanana nawo, kenako kubwezera magazi oyeretsedwa kwa munthuyo. Zili ngati kuchotsa madzi odetsedwa ndikuwonjezera madzi oyera.
Ndi matenda ati omwe angachiritsidwe ndi chithandizochi?
Kusinthana kwa plasma ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda angapo. Ndi othandiza kwambiri pa matenda odziteteza okha, komwe chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira ziwalo zathu zathanzi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa plasma imakhala ndi mapuloteni (antibodies) omwe amaukira thupi molakwika. Choncho plasma yovuta ikachotsedwa, zizindikiro zimachepa kwambiri.
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti tiwone matenda akuluakulu omwe chithandizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
| Gulu la matenda | Dzina la matenda | Momwe chithandizo chimathandizira |
|---|---|---|
| Matenda a Mitsempha | Matenda a Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Zizindikiro zikayamba kuipiraipira mwadzidzidzi, mapuloteni odzipha okha m'thupi amachotsedwa mu plasma ndipo zizindikirozo zimawongoleredwa. |
| Myasthenia Gravis | Ma antibodies osazolowereka omwe amafooketsa minofu ndi kuukira minofu yathanzi amasefedwa kuchokera ku plasma. | |
| Matenda a Guillain-Barré | Chitetezo cha mthupi chikaukira mitsempha, chimachotsa ma antibodies oipa mu plasma. | |
| Matenda a Magazi | Cryoglobulinemia | Pofuna kupewa mapuloteni a m'magazi kuti asagwirizane ndikutseka mitsempha yamagazi, imachotsa mapuloteni owopsa amenewo. |
| Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura | Madzi a m'magazi owopsa omwe amachititsa kuti magazi aziundana m'mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi amachotsedwa ndipo madzi a m'magazi abwino amaperekedwa. | |
| Mitundu ya Khansa | Waldenström macroglobulinemia | Amachotsedwa mu plasma kuti azitha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies opangidwa molakwika (immunoglobulin M). |
| Myeloma yambiri | Imachotsa mapuloteni owopsa opangidwa ndi maselo a plasma osazolowereka, omwe ali ndi khansa m'mafupa. |
Momwe chithandizochi chimachitikira: asanayambe, panthawi komanso pambuyo pake
Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono mukamva za mtundu uwu wa chithandizo. Koma mukamvetsetsa bwino momwe chimagwirira ntchito, mantha amenewo amatha.
Kukonzekera musanalandire chithandizo
Ngati dokotala wanu akutumizani ku chithandizo ichi, nazi malangizo ena:
- Imwani madzi ambiri opanda mpweya (madzi, madzi a zipatso) kwa maola pafupifupi 72 musanalandire chithandizo.
- Idyani chakudya chabwino pafupifupi ola limodzi musanalandire chithandizo.
- Valani zovala zabwino . Popeza chithandizochi chimatenga maola angapo, ndi bwino kubweretsa buku loti muwerenge kapena china chake choti mumvetsere.
- Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi munthu woti akutengereni kunyumba mukatha kulandira chithandizo.
Chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo
Izi sizovuta kwenikweni monga momwe mungaganizire.
1. Choyamba, ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzaika chubu chapadera (catheter) mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu kapena mwina mtsempha waukulu womwe uli m'khosi kapena m'mimba mwanu.
2. Kenako, magazi ochepa amachotsedwa m'thupi lanu kudzera mu chubu chimenecho.
3. Magazi amalowa mwachindunji mu makina apadera. Makinawa amalekanitsa plasma ndi magazi anu.
4. Kenako, plasma yanu yokayikitsa imachotsedwa ndikutayidwa .
5. Maselo ofiira anu otsala, maselo oyera, ndi ma platelet tsopano amasakanizidwa ndi plasma yathanzi kapena madzi apadera okhala ndi puloteni yotchedwa albumin .
6. Pomaliza, magazi oyerawa amabwezedwa m'thupi lanu kudzera mu chubu chimenecho.
Ntchito yonseyi ingatenge maola angapo , pomwe mutha kupuma pabedi kapena pampando.
Kodi izi zimapweteka?
Ayi. Mankhwalawa si opweteka . Komabe, mungamve kusasangalala mukalowetsa catheter m'dzanja lanu. Kupatula apo, palibe ululu. Komabe, anthu ena angakumane ndi zotsatirazi:
- Zikumveka ngati dzanzi pang'ono m'miyendo.
- KusanzaAmene akubwera.
- Kumva ngati chizungulire .
- Kumva kuzizira .
Ngati mukumva ngati izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza namwino kapena dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Pambuyo pa chithandizo
Anthu ambiri amamva kutopa kwambiri akalandira chithandizo. Izi ndi zachilendo. Plasma ndiye gwero lalikulu la madzi m'thupi lathu. Choncho dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti mumwe madzi ndi madzi ambiri kuposa masiku onse mukalandira chithandizo.
Ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizo
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali ubwino ndi zoopsa zazing'ono kwambiri.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa kapena Zovuta |
|---|---|
|
|
Kumbukirani kuti zoopsazi sizichitika kawirikawiri , ndipo gulu lachipatala lidzakhala likukuyang'anirani nthawi zonse mukalandira chithandizo, kotero ngati pabuka vuto lililonse, lidzachiritsidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Mafunso omwe mungakhale nawonso
Kodi izi ndi zofanana ndi dialysis?
Funso labwino. Mfundo ya njira zonsezi ndi yofanana: kusefa zinthu zosafunikira komanso zovulaza m'magazi. Koma pali kusiyana.
Dialysis imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zinyalala m'magazi a munthu amene ali ndi vuto la impso.
Kusinthana kwa plasma kumachitika kuti kuchotse ma antibodies kapena mapuloteni owopsa m'magazi.
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa chithandizo?
Zimasiyana malinga ndi vuto lanu. Mwachitsanzo, munthu amene ali ndi myasthenia gravis akhoza kukhala wopanda zizindikiro kwa miyezi ingapo atatha milungu ingapo ya chithandizo. Pambuyo pake, chithandizo chingafunikenso. Ichi ndi chithandizo chomwe chimawongolera zizindikiro ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta, m'malo mochiza matendawa.
Kumbukirani, kusinthana kwa plasma si mankhwala onse a matenda ambiri. Koma kuli ndi mphamvu yoletsa zizindikiro zoopsa ndikukweza moyo wanu. Ngati mwapatsidwa chithandizochi, musazengereze kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kusinthana kwa plasma ndi njira yapadera yochotsera plasma yoopsa m'magazi ndikuyiyika m'malo mwake ndi madzi abwino ndikuibwezeretsa m'thupi.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda odziteteza ku matenda ena a m'magazi, matenda ena a m'magazi, ndi khansa.
- Njirayi ndi yopanda ululu ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala yotetezeka kwambiri. Zotsatirapo zilizonse zazing'ono zomwe zingachitike zimatha kuthetsedwa mosavuta ndi madokotala.
- Uwu ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa zizindikiro ndi kupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta, koma si mankhwala omwe amachiritsa matenda ambiri kwathunthu.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana momasuka za chithandizochi ndi dokotala wanu ndikuthetsa nkhawa zanu zonse.
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