Mwina izi zachitika kwa inu nthawi iliyonse mukapita kwa dokotala. Dokotala amatenga chipangizochi kuchokera pa desiki yake ndikuchiyika pakhosi pake. Kenako amaika gawo lozungulira lozizira pachifuwa panu, nati, "Pumirani mpweya wakuya... pumirani pang'onopang'ono..." Dokotalayo amamvetsera mwachidwi pamene mukutero. Nthawi zina amagwedeza mutu ndikupita ku mayeso otsatira. Nthawi zina, amaganizira kwakanthawi ndipo amasankha kuti ayang'ane china chake. Kodi izi si zodziwika bwino?
Ndiye, kodi stethoscope imagwira ntchito bwanji kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, stethoscope ndi chida chamtengo wapatali chomwe chimathandiza madokotala, anamwino, ndi ogwira ntchito m'chipinda chodzidzimutsa kumvetsera mawu ochokera m'thupi lanu. Mawu amenewa angakuuzeni zambiri zofunika zokhudza thanzi lanu, kuphatikizapo momwe mtima ndi mapapo anu akugwirira ntchito komanso ngati magazi akuyenda bwino kudzera m'mitsempha yanu.
Mu zamankhwala, kumvetsera mawu amkati mwa thupi kumatchedwa "auscultation." Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito stethoscope makamaka kumvetsera:
- Kwa mtima wanu: Mvetserani kugunda kwa mtima wanu ndi momwe kumakhalira bwino.
- Pa mapapu anu: Mvetserani mawu omwe mumapanga pamene mukupuma ndi kutuluka.
- Za matumbo anu: Mvetserani mawu ochokera m'matumbo anu pamene kugaya chakudya kukuchitika.
- Kwa mitsempha yanu yamagazi: Mvetserani phokoso la magazi akuyenda m'mitsempha ina ikuluikulu yamagazi.
Tangoganizirani, mkati mwa thupi lanu, muli gulu laling'ono la oimba. Chiwalo chilichonse chimakhala ndi mawu akeake, kamvekedwe kake, pamene chikugwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mawu a "lub-dub" a mtima. Awa ndi mawu wamba.
Koma nthawi zina, pakati pa mawu wambawa, timamvanso mawu osazolowereka. Mawu osazolowereka amenewo ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha vuto la thanzi.
Mwachitsanzo, dokotala angagwiritse ntchito stethoscope kuti azindikire mawu osazolowereka monga awa:
- Kumveka kwa mtima kosazolowereka: Zinthu zomwe zimamveka ngati kung'ung'udza kwa mtima .
- Phokoso losazolowereka m'mapapo: Kupuma movutikira kapena kugwedezeka (phokoso lovuta) mukapuma.
- Mamvekedwe osazolowereka a m'mimba: Mamvekedwe amphamvu kwambiri kapena amphamvu kuposa mawu a "gurgling" ochokera m'mimba.
- Mamvekedwe osayenera m'mitsempha yamagazi: Mamvekedwe enieni omwe amamveka magazi akamayenda m'mitsempha ina yamagazi akatsekedwa, mwachitsanzo, mawu omwe amamveka kuchokera m'mitsempha ya carotid (`carotid bruit`) .
Dokotala akamva phokoso lachilendo ngati ili, amadziwa kuti pali vuto. Koma stethoscope yokha singakuuzeni kuti ndi vuto lotani kapena kuti ndi loopsa bwanji. Koma iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba komanso yofunika kwambiri pozindikira vuto . Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kuti mukayesedwenso, adziwe zomwe zikuchitika, ndikukonzekera chithandizo chofunikira.
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma stethoscope?
Inde, pali mitundu ingapo ya ma stethoscope omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.
| Mtundu wa stethoscope | Kodi chapadera ndi chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Stethoscope Yachikhalidwe (Stethoscope Yofanana) | Uwu ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri womwe tonse tawawonapo. Apa, mawu ochokera mkati mwa thupi amapita mwachindunji ku khutu la dokotala kudzera mu chubu, popanda thandizo lamagetsi. Palinso zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'gululi, monga ma stethoscope ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana aang'ono. |
| Stethoscope yamagetsi | Uwu ndi mtundu wotsogola pang'ono. Umatha kukulitsa mawu a thupi ndikuwapangitsa kukhala omveka bwino. Chifukwa chake izi ndizothandiza kwambiri pozindikira mawu osavuta komanso odekha (monga kulira kwa mtima). Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa phokoso losafunikira m'chilengedwe ndikungomva mawu ofunikira okha. |
| Stethoscope ya digito | Uwu ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pa kukulitsa mawu, mawu awa amatha kujambulidwa, kumvedwa pambuyo pake, ndikugawidwa ndi dokotala wina. Deta ya mawu awa imatha kusinthidwa kukhala zinthu monga ma graph ndikuwunikidwa pa kompyuta. |
Pakadali pano, stethoscope yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Sri Lanka ndi madera ena ambiri padziko lapansi ndi stethoscope yachikhalidwe. Ndi chida chosavuta chimenecho, dokotala amatha kupeza zambiri zofunika.
Kodi mumamva bwanji phokoso ndi izi? Kodi ziwalo za stethoscope ndi ziti?
Mmene stethoscope imagwirira ntchito ndi yosavuta kwambiri. Chinthu chikayenda mkati mwa thupi lanu, chimapanga kugwedezeka. Kugwedezeka kumeneku kumapanga mafunde a mawu. Gawo la stethoscope lomwe limalumikizidwa pachifuwa chanu limatenga mafunde a mawu awa ndikuwatumiza kudzera mu chubu chopanda kanthu kupita ku khutu la dokotala. Zili ngati phokoso loyenda kudzera mu ngalande yayitali.
Tiyeni tiwone mbali zazikulu za stethoscope ndi zomwe zimachita.
| Gawo | Kodi imagwira ntchito yanji? (Kodi imagwira ntchito yanji?) |
|---|---|
| Chidutswa cha pachifuwa | Ichi ndi chidutswa chozungulira chachitsulo ndi pulasitiki chomwe dokotala amaika pakhungu lanu. Nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mbali ziwiri. Chimodzi ndi chathyathyathya, chachikulu. Chimatchedwa diaphragm . Chinanso ndi chaching'ono, chopanda kanthu, chonga chikho. Chimatchedwa belu . Mutha kusinthana pakati pa mbali ziwirizi kuti mumve mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawu. |
| Kupaka mapaipi | Uwu ndi chubu chopanda kanthu, chonga rabara chomwe chimatenga mawu kuchokera pachifuwa kupita ku khutu la dokotala. Nthawi zambiri chimagawika pawiri ngati Y, cholumikizana ndi makutu onse awiri. |
| Machubu a Makutu ndi Malangizo | Izi ndi ziwalo zachitsulo zomwe zimatsogolera mawu ochokera mu chubu mwachindunji ku khutu la dokotala. Zilinso ndi ziwalo zofewa kumapeto, monga mafoni a m'makutu omwe timagwiritsa ntchito kumvetsera nyimbo. Izi zimasunga stethoscope mwamphamvu m'khutu ndipo zimachepetsa phokoso lakunja lomwe limalowa. |
Ndani anapanga chipangizo chodabwitsa ichi?
Stethoscope idapangidwa koyamba mu 1816 ndi dokotala wa ku France dzina lake René Laennec . Koma stethoscope yoyamba yomwe adapanga inali yosiyana kwambiri ndi yomwe tikuiwona lero. Inali chubu chosavuta chopangidwa ndi matabwa. Patapita nthawi, madokotala ena ambiri adachisintha pang'onopang'ono. Kapangidwe koyambira ka stethoscope yamakono yomwe tikuiwona lero idapangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1960.Yopangidwa ndi dokotala waku America dzina lake David Littmann.
Simungaganizire kwambiri za zipangizozi mukakhala ndi mantha opita kwa dokotala. Koma ndikofunikira kuzindikira momwe chipangizo chosavuta monga stethoscope, chikaphatikizidwa ndi chidziwitso ndi zokumana nazo za dokotala, chingakhale chida champhamvu chotetezera thanzi lanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Stethoscope ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chachipatala chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumvetsera mawu ochokera m'ziwalo zomwe zili mkati mwa thupi lanu, monga mtima wanu, mapapo, ndi matumbo.
- Dokotala amapeza zizindikiro zambiri zofunika zokhudza thanzi lanu kuchokera ku mawu abwinobwino komanso osazolowereka omwe mumamva.
- Ngati stethoscope ikusonyeza kuti muli ndi matenda, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kuti mukapimidwenso kuti atsimikizire ndikupeza vuto lenileni.
- Kuwonjezera pa stethoscope yachizolowezi yomwe timaiona masiku ano, palinso ma stethoscope amagetsi ndi a digito omwe amakulitsa mawu.
- Chipangizo chosavuta ichi, chikaphatikizidwa ndi zomwe dokotala wachita, chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupeza matenda msanga.
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