Kodi magazi akutuluka m'mbuyo kudzera mu valavu ya mtima wanu? (Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation) Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Mtima wathu ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa, sichoncho? Uli ndi ziwalo zazing'ono ngati chitseko mkati mwake, zomwe timazitcha ma valve . Ma valve amenewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti magazi azigwira ntchito bwino m'thupi lathu. Nthawi zina, ngati imodzi mwa ma valve amenewa siitseka bwino, magazi ena amatha kutuluka m'mbuyo. Umenewo ndi mkhalidwe womwe tikambirane lero, kubwereranso kwa ma valve a m'mapapo . Musadandaule, tiyeni tifotokoze izi mosavuta.

Kodi Kubwezeretsa Ma Valve a Pulmonic ndi Chiyani?

Mwachidule, ili ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa ku vuto lomwe valavu ya m'mapapo mumtima mwanu siitseka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi pang'ono atuluke molakwika, kutanthauza kuti, kumbuyo, pakati pa kugunda kwa mtima.

Tangoganizani, mtima wathu uli ndi zipinda zinayi, ndipo kuyenda kwa magazi pakati pa zipindazi kumayendetsedwa ndi ma valve anayi. Valavu ya m'mapapo ndi valavu yachiwiri mumtima mwanu yomwe imalamulira kuyenda kwa magazi. Apa ndi pomwe magazi amachoka mu ventricle yakumanja . Magazi awa amayenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya m'mapapo kupita ku mapapo anu, komwe amatenga mpweya ndikutulutsa carbon dioxide.

Tsopano, ngati muli ndi vutoli (Pulmonic Regurgitation), si magazi onse omwe amapopedwa kuchokera ku ventricle yakumanja omwe amapita ku mapapo. Ena amabwerera ku ventricle yakumanja. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani? Ventricle yakumanja iyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika , kuti ikankhire magazi owonjezerawo. Pakapita nthawi, ntchito yowonjezerayi ingayambitse ventricle yakumanja kukula, kufooka, ndipo pamapeto pake imabweretsa vuto lotchedwa Right-sided Heart Failure .

Mayina ena a izi ndi Pulmonic Regurgitation, Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation, kapena Pulmonary Regurgitation.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji? Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wolitenga?

Ndipotu, vutoli (Pulmonic Regurgitation) ndi lofala kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Akuti pakati pa 30% ndi 75% ya anthu akhoza kukhala nalo. Malipoti ena amati chiwerengerochi ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, kutuluka kwa magazi kumeneku ndi kochepa kwambiri moti sikuonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse . Anthu ambiri sadziwa ngakhale kuti ali ndi vutoli, mpaka litapezeka mwangozi panthawi yoyesedwa.

Komabe, kupuma movutikira pang'ono mpaka kwakukulu m'mapapo kumathanso kuchitika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa pali zifukwa zambiri, n'zovuta kunena momwe matenda oopsawa amachitikira kawirikawiri.

Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi izi?

• Kwa achinyamata: Ngati vutoli lichitika mwa achinyamata, nthawi zambiri limachitika chifukwa cha opaleshoni yokonza vuto la mtima lomwe anali nalo ali aang'ono.
• Kwa okalamba: Akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 75 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo (pulmonary hypertension) . Matendawa angayambitse kapena kukulitsa kubwereranso kwa mpweya m'mapapo.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma m'mapapo sapeza zizindikiro zilizonse chifukwa magazi amatuluka pang'ono. Zizindikiro zimatha kuchitika ngati kutulukako kuli pang'ono kapena kwakukulu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimawonedwa mu mtima. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea)
• Kutopa, kutopa
• Kumva chizungulire, mutu wopepuka
• Kutaya chidziwitso
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika kapena kofulumira (Kugunda kwa mtima)
• Kutupa kwa m'mimba, miyendo, kapena akakolo

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) kapena matenda ena, mungakhale ndi zizindikiro zina. Zizindikirozi zimasiyana malinga ndi matenda ena.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa vutoli?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingayambitse matenda a Pulmonic Regurgitation. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Matenda a Mtima Okhudzana ndi Nyamakazi: Matenda a nyamakazi ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka bakiteriya komwe sikachiritsidwa komwe kangawononge ma valve a mtima wanu. Ndi ofala kwambiri m'maiko osatukuka.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo: Apa ndi pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo anu kumawonjezeka. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumeneku kungakhudze mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo, komwe kumachoka mumtima. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumeneku kungayambitse mitsempha yamagazi ndi valavu kutambasuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi atuluke kudzera mu valavu.
• Matenda a Majini: Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa mapapo kumachitika kawirikawiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake a majini, monga Marfan Syndrome .
• Khansa ya Carcinoid: Iyi ndi khansa yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono komanso yosazolowereka. Nthawi zambiri imayamba m'mimba. Khansa yamtunduwu ingayambitse minofu ya carcinoid kukhala mumtima, ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi.
• Endocarditis: Uku ndi kutupa kwa mkati mwa mtima. Kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda. Anthu omwe ali pa dialysis , omwe ali ndi ma intravenous intravenous (IV) ports osatha, komanso omwe amabaya mankhwala osaloledwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Kuvulala: Nthawi zambiri, kuvulala pachifuwa chanu kungawononge valavu ya m'mapapo.
• Mavuto obadwa nawo: Matenda obadwa nawo ndi vuto lomwe mumabadwa nalo. Mwachitsanzo, kubadwa ndi vuto lotchedwa Tetralogy of Fallot , kubadwa popanda valavu ya m'mapapo, kapena kukhala ndi valavu ya m'mapapo yomwe mumabadwa nayo (Congenital Pulmonic Stenosis) .
• Chithandizo chamankhwala:Kubwerera m'mimba m'mapapo kumatha kuchitika zaka zambiri pambuyo pa opaleshoni kapena njira zina zochizira matenda a mtima obadwa nawo, monga Tetralogy of Fallot kapena Pulmonic Stenosis.
• Idiopathic: Nthawi zina palibe chifukwa chomwe chingapezeke.

Kodi izi ndi zopatsirana?

Ayi, Kubwezeretsa kwa Magazi m'mapapo si matenda opatsirana . Komabe, kungayambitsidwe ndi matenda omwe amafalikira kumtima kapena matenda omwe amayambitsa matenda a mtima a nyamakazi.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji izi?

Kubwezeretsa kwa Pulmonic Regurgitation (PR) nthawi zina kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira. Zimatengera kuopsa kwa vutoli komanso zizindikiro zanu. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza mayeso amthupi ndi mayeso angapo ojambulira zithunzi.

Kuyezetsa thupi

Dokotala nthawi zambiri amachita zinthu izi:

• Mawonekedwe: Zizindikiro zina zimaoneka, monga kutupa m'mimba kapena miyendo.
• Kukhudza: Dokotala angamve ngati miyendo yanu kapena mimba yanu yatupa. Angakupendekeni mopingasa, kukanikiza mimba yanu, ndikuyang'ana ngati mitsempha ya jugular yatupa m'khosi mwanu. Izi zitha kuchitika pakakhala vuto monga kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, zomwe zingayambitse mitsempha ya jugular kutumphuka.
• Kumvetsera: Mutha kumvetsera mtima wanu pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscope . Mukakhala ndi vuto la kupuma pang'ono mpaka lalikulu, mungamve kulira kwa mtima. Awa ndi mawu achilendo omwe amachitika ndi kugunda kwa mtima chifukwa cha magazi kuyenda molakwika. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yodziwira vutoli musanayambe zizindikiro panthawi yoyezetsa dokotala pachaka.

Ndi mayeso amtundu wanji omwe amachitidwa?

Mayeso omwe mungafunike kuchita kuti mupeze vutoli ndi awa:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG kapena EKG)
• X-ray pachifuwa
• Echocardiogram - Iyi ndiye mayeso ofunikira kwambiri. Ili ngati ultrasound scan ya mtima.

Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso awa:

• Kukonza Mtima Wabwino
• Chithunzi cha Magnetic Resonance cha Mtima (MRI ya Mtima)

Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji? Kodi chingachiritsidwe?

Kubwerera m'mimba m'mapapo nthawi zambiri kumachiritsidwa . Kutengera ndi chomwe chimayambitsa, nthawi zina kumatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu . Komabe, ngati sikuli koopsa, kulibe zizindikiro, kapena zonse ziwiri, chithandizo nthawi zambiri sichifunika. Ngakhale chitakhala choopsa koma chilibe zizindikiro, cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuletsa vutoli kuti lisakule kwambiri ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kosatha kumbali yakumanja ya mtima.

Ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala otani omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Ngati vuto (Pulmonary Regurgitation) layambitsidwa ndi matenda ena,Gawo loyamba ndi kuchiza kapena kuchiza vuto lina. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaletsa magazi kuyenda m'mbuyo, kapena kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi, zomwe zimachepetsa mavuto ndi zizindikiro.

Ngati zimenezo siziletsa kutuluka magazi, sitepe yotsatira ndi kuchiza mwachindunji. Chithandizo ndi kuchiritsa kubwereranso kwa mapapu kumaphatikizapo kusintha valavu yokha. Izi zitha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:

• Opaleshoni: Mu njira iyi, dokotala wa opaleshoni amatha kulowa mumtima mwanu mwachindunji ndikusintha valavu. Vavu yatsopanoyo ikhoza kutengedwa kuchokera kwa wopereka munthu, kapena ikhoza kukhala yopangidwa ndi biosynthetic (yopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa ndi minofu yamoyo - nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku nkhumba kapena ng'ombe).
• Kusintha kwa Valavu ya M'mapapo ya Transcatheter (TPVR): Mu njirayi, chipangizo chotchedwa catheter chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha valavu mkati mwa mtima. Kuti achite izi, dokotala amadula pang'ono mtsempha waukulu wamagazi m'khosi mwanu kapena m'ntchafu yanu ndikuyika catheter. Chipangizo chachitali, chofanana ndi chubu, chimalowetsedwa mumtima, ndi nsonga yake pamwamba pa valavu yomwe ilipo. Valavu yatsopano imatsegulidwa, ndipo valavu yakale, yowonongeka imaphwanyidwa pansi pake. Mavavu omwe amayikidwa motere nthawi zambiri amakhala a bioprosthetic. Amatha kukhala kwa zaka pafupifupi 15.

Pochiza vutoli, zizindikiro zomwe zimakuvutitsani kwambiri zimachiritsidwanso. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pochotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi, kumasula mitsempha yamagazi kuti magazi aziyenda bwino, kapena kuletsa kapena kupewa kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (arrhythmias) . Ngati simungathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni pazifukwa zina, mankhwala angathandize ndi zizindikiro zanu, koma mankhwala okha sangathandize kuthetsa vutoli.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi valavu yopanda chopangira, mungafunike kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwa moyo wanu wonse. Mankhwalawa amaletsa magazi kuundana kuzungulira valavu. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto monga sitiroko kapena pulmonary embolism.

Kodi mavuto/zotsatira zake za chithandizo ndi ziti?

Chiŵerengero cha kupambana kwa TPVR pochiza vutoli n'chokwera kwambiri . Maopaleshoni a TPVR amapambana pa 94% mpaka 98% ya milandu. Mavuto a TPVR nawonso ndi osowa kwambiri, omwe amapezeka pa 3% mpaka 6% ya milandu (mavuto ofala kwambiri ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima kapena endocarditis chifukwa cha matenda).

Zotsatirapo zina kapena zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo ndi izi:

• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (Arrhythmias)
• Matenda ozungulira malo ochitira opaleshoni
• Kutuluka magazi kuchokera kunja kwa valavu
• Kufunika kusintha valavu yosinthidwa kachiwiri
• Zotsatirapo kapena zovuta za mankhwala (izi ndi za mankhwala omwe mukumwa, kotero dokotala wanu ndiye munthu woyenera kukuuzani za izi)

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji/ndingathane bwanji ndi zizindikiro?

Matendawa angafanane ndi matenda ena ambiri a mtima omwe amaika moyo pachiswe, choncho musayese kudzipeza nokha matendawo ndikuwachiza . Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vutoli, pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga. Iye angadziwe ngati muli ndi vutoli ndikupereka chithandizo chamankhwala.

Kodi ndidzakhala bwino nthawi yayitali bwanji nditalandira chithandizo? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire?

Nthawi yochira ya vutoli imadalira chithandizo. Opaleshoni si njira yodziwika kwambiri yochiritsira, ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali kuti achire. Anthu omwe achitidwa opaleshoni ya (Pulmonic Regurgitation) angatenge milungu kapena miyezi kuti achire. Nthawi yochira ya (TPVR) ndi yochepa kwambiri , ndipo mudzayamba kumva bwino pakatha masiku ochepa.

Kodi ndingapewe izi? Ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezochi?

Kubwezeretsa kwa Magazi m'mapapo (PR) ndi vuto lomwe silingathe kupewedwa chifukwa limachitika mosayembekezereka. Makamaka ngati layamba chifukwa cha matenda omwe munabadwa nawo. Chinthu chokhacho chomwe mungachite ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu popewa zinthu kapena zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matendawa.

Njira yokhayo yochepetsera chiopsezo ndikupewa matenda omwe angayambitse izi . Izi zikutanthauza kuti matenda aliwonse, makamaka zilonda za pakhosi monga strep throat, ayenera kuchiritsidwa mwachangu momwe angathere. Izi zitha kuletsa matendawa kuti asapitirire kukhala matenda a mtima kapena kufalikira mwachindunji kumtima ndikuwononga.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha vutoli n'chiyani?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma m'mapapo amakhala ndi magazi ochepa kwambiri ochokera mu valavu. Kwa iwo, chiyembekezo chawo ndi chabwino , ndipo moyo wawo uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi wa anthu omwe alibe vutoli.

Ngakhale patakhala kutayikira pang'ono, nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhala abwino ngati atapezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa msanga , makamaka ngati pali chifukwa chomwe chingachiritsidwe kapena kubwezeretsedwa.

Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu la kutuluka kwa madzi m'thupi, chiyembekezo cha matendawa chimadalira kwambiri momwe matendawa amadziwidwira komanso kuchiritsidwa mwachangu. Kawirikawiri, kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kumawonjezera mwayi wochira, kapena kuchepetsa zotsatira zake . Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni zomwe mukuganiza komanso zomwe mungachite kuti muwongolere.

Kodi vutoli lidzatha liti?

Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, Pulmonary Regurgitation nthawi zambiri imakhala vuto la moyo wonse .

Kodi ndingabwerere liti kuntchito/kusukulu?

Anthu ambiri amangofunika kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku anayi kapena asanu kuti alandire TPVR, ndipo anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera kuntchito nthawi yomweyo akamaliza. Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni m'malo mwa TPVR, zingatenge milungu, ngakhale miyezi, kuti muchiritsidwe ndikubwerera ku zochita zanu zachizolowezi. Dokotala wanu adzatha kukuuzani nthawi yomwe mungabwerere kuntchito, kusukulu, kapena zochita zanu zachizolowezi.

Kodi vutoli ndi loopsa?

Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa matenda a m'mapapo sikungopha kokha . M'malo mwake, kungayambitse matenda ena omwe angawononge moyo pakapita nthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza matenda ndi kulandira chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni zomwe muyenera kuchita komanso zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zanu ndikusamalira nokha. Kawirikawiri, muyenera kuchita izi:

• Imwani mankhwala anu moyenera: Imwani mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira. Imwani nthawi yomweyo mukakumbukira, ndipo musamachite zimenezo chifukwa choti ndi zosavuta.
• Kaonaneni ndi dokotala wanu: Ngakhale mutakhala kuti simulandira chithandizo, dokotala wanu angakonze nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala kuti ayang'anire vuto lanu. Kumuwona monga momwe mwalangizidwira kungathandize kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za mavuto kapena zovuta.
• Musamachite zinthu mopitirira muyeso: Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti muchepetse zochita zanu. Izi zidzakuthandizani kupewa kupsinjika kwambiri pamtima wanu, zomwe zingawonjezere zizindikiro kapena vuto lanu.
• Samalani momwe mukumvera: Kusamala thupi lanu ndi zizindikiro zake kungakuthandizeni kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za vuto ndikupeza chithandizo musanayambe mavuto osatha.

Kodi ndiyenera kuyimbira foni kapena kukaonana ndi dokotala liti?

Ngati zizindikiro zanu zibwereranso kapena kusintha mwadzidzidzi, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati kusinthako kwachitika mwadzidzidzi kapena ngati zizindikirozo zayamba kusokoneza zochita zanu zachizolowezi .

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Muyenera kupita kuchipatala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za kulephera kwa mtima, matenda a mtima, kapena matenda ena akuluakulu a mtima:

• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea)
• Chizungulire chobwerezabwereza kapena kutaya mwadzidzidzi chidziwitso
• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika kapena kofulumira (Kugunda kwa mtima)
• Kutupa kwatsopano m'mimba kapena miyendo ndi akakolo

Pomaliza, uthenga woti mutenge kunyumba:

Kubwerera m'mimba m'mapapo ndi vuto lofala, ndipo kwa anthu ambiri si vuto lodetsa nkhawa. Komabe, ngati likukula kwambiri, lingayambitse zizindikiro zomwe zimasokoneza moyo wanu. Ngati silinalandire chithandizo, pamapeto pake lingayambitse mavuto aakulu, ngakhale oopsa.

Mwamwayi, vutoli nthawi zambiri limachiritsidwa - ndipo nthawi zina limachiritsidwa . Ndipo, kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chofala kwambiri n'kwapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse pa izi, musazengereze kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.

Kubwezeretsa kwa Valavu ya M'mapapo , matenda a valavu ya mtima, kuyenda kwa magazi m'mbuyo, ventricle yakumanja, kulephera kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, kupuma movutikira