Kukolola Mitsempha Yozungulira ndi Mitsempha ya Saphenous (RA&SV)

Kodi inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa adauzidwapo ndi dokotala kuti mtsempha wa mtima watsekedwa ndipo ukufunika njira yodutsa? Tonse tamvapo mawu akuti 'bypass'. Tangoganizani kuti pali magalimoto ambiri pamsewu, kenako izi zili ngati kumanga njira ina yoti magalimoto adutsemo. Pamene mtsempha wamagazi wopereka magazi kumtima watsekedwa, njira yatsopano, yomwe ndi, mtsempha watsopano wamagazi, imalumikizidwa kumtima, yomwe imangotchedwa opaleshoni ya bypass. Koma kodi mudayamba mwadzifunsapo komwe mtsempha wamagazi umatengedwa kuti upange njira yatsopanoyi? Nthawi zambiri, mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi wochokera m'thupi lanu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Imeneyo ndiyo njira yomwe tikambirane lero, momwe mtsempha wamagaziwo umatengedwa kuchokera mbali imodzi ya thupi ndikuikidwa mumtima.

Kodi 'kukolola' mtsempha wamagazi kumatanthauza chiyani?

Mwachidule, izi zili ngati kudula mtsempha wamagazi. Kunena zoona, zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi kuchokera ku gawo la thupi lanu (nthawi zambiri mkono kapena mwendo) ndikuugwiritsa ntchito m'malo mwa mtsempha wotsekeka mumtima mwanu. Mtsempha wamagazi womwe umatengedwa motere umatchedwa "graft."

Mbali imodzi ya graft iyi imalumikizidwa ku mtsempha waukulu komanso waukulu kwambiri wa thupi, aorta, ndipo mbali inayo imalumikizidwa ku mtsempha wotsekeka womwe uli mumtima pansi pa kutsekeka. Kenako, magazi amadutsa mu mtsempha watsopano wolumikizidwa kupita kumtima popanda chopinga chilichonse, kudutsa gawo lotsekeka. Opaleshoni iyi imatchedwa Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) mu zamankhwala.

Kodi mitsempha yamagazi iyi imachokera kuti?

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa opaleshoni ya bypass.

1. Mtsempha wa Radial m'dzanja

Uwu ndi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe umayenda kuchokera mkati mwa mkono wanu kuyambira pachigongono mpaka pachikhatho . Uwu ndi mtsempha womwe mungamve mukamva kugunda kwa mtima wanu. Uli pafupi kwambiri ndi khungu.

2. Mtsempha wa Saphenous mu Mwendo

Uwu ndiye mtsempha wautali kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Ndi mtsempha womwe umanyamula magazi odetsedwa kubwerera kumtima. Umathamanga kuchokera pansi pa thupi mpaka pa ntchafu. Kuchotsa sikubweretsa mavuto. Chifukwa pali dongosolo lakuya la mitsempha mwendo. Pambuyo poti mtsempha wa saphenous wachotsedwa, ntchito yomwe idagwira imatengedwa ndi dongosolo lakuya la mitsempha.

Kodi mumatani musanachite opaleshoni?

Asanasankhe kuchita opaleshoniyi, dokotalayo adzayesa kangapo kuti adziwe kukula kwenikweni ndi malo omwe mtima wanu watsekeka. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, adzasankha ngati mtsempha woyenera kwambiri wa bypass uli m'dzanja kapena mwendo wanu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo omwe dokotala wanu amakupatsani musanachite opaleshoni.

• Kusala kudya (kusiya kudya ndi kumwa) kwa maola angapo opaleshoni isanachitike.
• Ngati mukusuta, siyani kusuta konse.
• Mungapemphedwe kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ena kwakanthawi (kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi mankhwala azitsamba).

Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?

Opaleshoni yochotsa mtsempha wamagazi ndi yofanana ndi opaleshoni ya bypass. Mumapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochotsera mtsempha wamagazi.

1. Opaleshoni ya Endoscopic: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula kamodzi kapena kawiri kakang'ono pakhungu la mkono kapena mwendo.Zimaphatikizapo kuyika chubu choonda kwambiri (endoscope) chokhala ndi kamera ndi zida zochitira opaleshoni. Dokotala amachotsa mtsempha wamagazi mosamala akuyang'ana chowunikira. Chilonda chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha izi ndi chaching'ono kwambiri.

2. Opaleshoni Yotseguka: Pachifukwa ichi, mtsempha wamagazi umachotsedwa mwa kupanga chotupa chachikulu, chachitali pomwe mtsempha wamagazi uli ndikutsegula khungu.

Pa opaleshoni ya bypass, mtima ndi mapapo anu angasinthidwe kwakanthawi kukhala "Heart-Lung Bypass Machine." Kenako dokotalayo amatenga "graft" ya mtsempha wamagazi wathanzi yomwe idachotsedwa kale ndikuyiyika mumtima popanda kutseka.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za njira iyi ndi ziti?

Njira imeneyi yopachikira mtsempha m'thupi ndiyo chifukwa chachikulu chomwe opaleshoni ya bypass imapambanira. Pali ubwino wambiri wochita izi, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya endoscopic.

Ubwino:

• Kuchira mwachangu komanso kupweteka pang'ono.
• Kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe ndimakhala kuchipatala.
• Palibe zipsera zazikulu komanso chiopsezo chotenga matenda chichepa .
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi ndi magazi kuundana (Hematomas).

Zoopsa:

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni zonse, pali zoopsa zina zomwe zimachitika, koma izi sizichitika kwa aliyense.

• Kutuluka magazi kapena kuvulala pamalo odulidwa.
• Magazi Oundana.
• Kusamva bwino kapena kutayika kwa kumva m'derali chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yozungulira chotupacho.
• Kutupa (Edema).
• Matenda opatsirana.

Mukafunika kupita kwa dokotala mwachangu

Mukabwerera kunyumba mutachita opaleshoni, musanyalanyaze kusasangalala kulikonse. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kumva kupsinjika pachifuwa (Angina).
• Thukuta lozizira mwadzidzidzi.
• Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea).
• Zizindikiro za matenda, monga kutuluka kwa madzi achikasu kuchokera ku mabala a opaleshoni ndi malungo .

Pomaliza, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti opaleshoni ya bypass pogwiritsa ntchito radial artery kapena internal mammary artery imapambana pakapita nthawi kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito saphenous vein. Izi zili choncho chifukwa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi ndi olimba kuposa mitsempha yamagazi, kotero sizingatsekekenso. Komabe, dokotala wanu adzayang'ananso zolemba zanu zonse zachipatala kuti adziwe mtsempha womwe uli wabwino kwa inu komanso njira yabwino yopezera.