Kodi inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa adapatsidwa chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa chifukwa cha khansa? Ngati ndi choncho, nkhaniyi idzakhala yofunika kwambiri kwa inu. Ngakhale kuti chithandizo cha khansa n'chofunika, nthawi zina chithandizocho chingakhudzenso mtima wathu. Musadandaule, izi sizichitika kwa aliyense, ndipo ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba womwe ulipo masiku ano, chiopsezochi chachepa kwambiri. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi. Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mwachidule.
Kodi Matenda a Mtima a Radiation ndi Chiyani?
Mwachidule, pamene kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa kuperekedwa ku chifuwa, mtima wapafupi ukhozanso kuwonongeka. Matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mtima nthawi zambiri amatchedwa matenda a mtima a radiation .
Chinthu chapadera pa izi n'chakuti nthawi zina zizindikiro za matenda a mtima zimatha kuwonekera mkati mwa milungu ingapo kuchokera pamene munthu walandira chithandizo. Komabe, kwa ena, mavutowa amatha kupitirira kwa zaka, mwina zaka 10 kapena 20, popanda zizindikiro zilizonse.
Chiwopsezochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chachikulu mwa anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa chifukwa cha mitundu iyi ya khansa:
- Khansa ya m'mawere (makamaka m'mawere akumanzere)
- Khansa ya m'mapapo
- Khansa ya m'mero
- Khansa ya ma lymph nodes, monga Hodgkin lymphoma
Kodi chithandizo cha radiation ichi chimakhudza bwanji mtima?
Tangoganizirani, kuwala kwamphamvu kwa dzuwa komwe kumawononga maselo a khansa kumagundanso minofu yofewa ya mtima, yomwe ili pafupi. Izi zingayambitse zinthu ziwiri zazikulu.
1. Zotsatira za kanthawi kochepa: Kutupa kwa minofu ya mtima kungachitike panthawi ya chithandizo kapena nthawi yochepa pambuyo pa chithandizo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbali zina za mtima zimatupa.
2. Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali: Pakapita nthawi, minofu ya mtima yomwe yawonongeka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa imakhuthala pang'onopang'ono, imakhala ndi ulusi, ndipo imataya kulimba kwake . Monga momwe bala limasanduka chilonda. Izi zikachitika, minofuyo singathenso kugwira ntchito yake bwino.
Pali ziwalo zazikulu zingapo za mtima zomwe zingawonongeke motere. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Gawo la mtima | Zotsatira zake ndi zophweka |
|---|---|
| Mitsempha ya mtima | Mitsempha iyi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima imatha kuchepetsedwa kapena kutsekeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chiwonjezeke. |
| Ma valve a mtima | Ma valve omwe amagwira ntchito ngati zitseko pakati pa zipinda za mtima amatha kukhuthala osatsegula kapena kutseka bwino. |
| Minofu ya mtima (Myocardium) | Minofu yomwe imathandiza pampu ya mtima imatha kufooka kapena kukhuthala, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya mtima kugwira ntchito. |
| Pericardium | Chiwalo choteteza chomwe chili pamtima chingathe kutupa (kutupa) kapena kukhuthala komanso kulimba. |
| Dongosolo loyendetsera magetsi | Dongosolo lamagetsi lomwe limalamulira kugunda kwa mtima ndi kayimbidwe kake kakhoza kuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugunda kwa mtima kusayende bwino. |
Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi nthawi yomwe zimawonekera komanso gawo la mtima lomwe lakhudzidwa. Tiyeni tigawane izi m'magulu awiri.
Zizindikiro za kanthawi kochepa
Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika milungu kapena miyezi pambuyo pa chithandizo. Matenda akuluakulu ndi pericarditis ndi pericardial effusion .
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda onsewa ndi kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa . Pali zizindikiro zingapo zapadera za ululu uwu:
- Ululu umachepa ndikakhala pansi ndikuwerama patsogolo .
- Ululu umawonjezeka mukapuma mozama .
- Anthu ena amathanso kukhala ndi vuto la kupuma movutikira (dyspnea) lomwe limachepa akawerama patsogolo .
Zizindikiro za nthawi yayitali
Izi ndi zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonekera patatha zaka zambiri. Poyamba sizingakhale zizindikiro, koma zizindikiro zimaonekera pokhapokha matendawa atakula pang'ono. Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda a mtima, izi ndi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino:
- Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusasangalala: Kungamveke ngati kufinya kapena kufinya.
- Kupuma movutikira (dyspnea): Kuvutika kupuma ngakhale mutagwira ntchito yopepuka kapena kuyenda. Vutoli nthawi zina limatha kuchitika ngakhale mukugona usiku.
- Kutupa kwa miyendo, akakolo, mapazi, kapena mimba (Edema): Kumva madzi akudzaza thupi.
- Kugunda kwa mtima: Mtima umagunda mofulumira kwambiri kapena mosagwirizana .
- Chizungulire kapena kukomoka (syncope) .
- Kumva kutopa kwambiri komanso kufooka pafupipafupi .
- Chifuwa chouma .
- Kusanza .
Chinthu choti muganizirepo!
Pa milandu ina yoopsa, vutoli lingayambitse matenda a mtima kapena kulephera kwa mtima. Izi ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo wanu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma kwambiri, kapena kupweteka komwe kumatuluka m'dzanja lanu lamanzere , pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) ya chipatala mwamsanga.
Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?
Si aliyense amene wapatsidwa chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa amene adzadwala matendawa, koma zinthu zina zingawonjezere chiopsezo.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Mlingo wa radiation walandiridwa | Chigawo choyezera kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi Gray (Gy). Kawirikawiri, ngati mtima walandira mlingo woposa 30 Gy, chiopsezo chimakhala chachikulu. |
| Malo owala | Chiwopsezo chimakhala chachikulu ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa kwaperekedwa kumbali yakumanzere ya chifuwa (mbali yomwe mtima uli). |
| Mankhwala ena a khansa | Chiwopsezocho chimawonjezeka ngati mutalandira mankhwala enaake a chemotherapy (monga anthracyclines, trastuzumab ) omwe angakhudze mtima pamodzi ndi chithandizo cha radiation. |
| Ukalamba pa chithandizo | Ngati munalandira chithandizo cha radiation muli aang'ono, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mtima mtsogolo. |
| Matenda omwe analipo kale | Kukhala ndi matenda monga matenda a mtima, matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso cholesterol yambiri ngakhale musanayambe kulandira chithandizo cha radiation kumawonjezera chiopsezo. |
| Moyo | Zizolowezi monga kusuta fodya, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi zimawonjezera chiopsezochi. |
Kodi chiopsezochi chachepa ndi ukadaulo wamakono?
Inde, ndithudi. Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwambiri. Kuyambira pamene madokotala ndi asayansi adaphunzira za chiopsezochi, apanga njira zamakono zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumafika pamtima. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo cha radiation masiku ano ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chotenga matenda a mtima awa.
Nazi njira zina zamakono izi:
- Chithandizo cha radiation chosinthidwa mphamvu (IMRT): Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mapu a magawo atatu (3D) a mawonekedwe enieni a chotupacho ndipo imapereka radiation kwa icho chokha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti minofu yathanzi yozungulira iwonongeke pang'ono, makamaka mtima.
- Chithandizo cha protoni: Iyi ndi njira yochizira yotsogola kwambiri komanso yolunjika.
- Njira zowongolera kupuma: Makamaka pochiza khansa ya m'mawere, wodwalayo amapemphedwa kuti apume mpweya wozama ndikuugwira pamene akupatsidwa radiation. Izi zimathandiza kuti mapapo azitha kukula komanso mtima ukhale kutali pang'ono ndi khansa, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa radiation yomwe imafika pamtima.
Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo changa?
Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa panu, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi . Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima.
- Ngati mukusuta, siyani lero. Ichi ndi chisankho chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungapange.
- Idyani zakudya zabwino. Idyani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, ndi tirigu wambiri. Chepetsani mafuta, mchere, ndi shuga.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Ngakhale kuyenda kwa mphindi 30 patsiku kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.
- Lamulirani kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol.Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo muwapime nthawi zonse. Imwani mankhwala ngati pakufunika kutero.
- Chepetsani kumwa mowa.
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, samalani bwino.
- Lamulirani kulemera kwa thupi lanu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu ngakhale chithandizo chanu cha khansa chitatha. Mukumbutseni kuti munalandira chithandizo cha radiation. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe, monga echocardiogram, kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito zaka 5 mpaka 10 zilizonse.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Ngati mwalandira chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa panu ndipo mwakhala ndi zizindikiro za mtima zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa (monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kutupa kwa miyendo yanu, kapena kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha), pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Matendawa akapezeka msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.
Ngati mukuona zizindikiro za matenda a mtima, musakhale panyumba. Pitani ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Chithandizo cha khansa pachifuwa pogwiritsa ntchito radiation chingayambitse matenda a mtima mwa anthu ena pakapita nthawi. Zizindikirozi sizingawonekere mpaka patapita zaka zambiri.
- Koma palibe chifukwa choopa. Chifukwa cha ukadaulo wamakono wa radiation therapy, chiopsezochi chachepa kwambiri tsopano.
- Dziwani zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kutupa kwa miyendo, komanso kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika.
- Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Kupewa kusuta fodya, kudya zakudya zabwino, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo cha khansa, pitirizani kukumana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse ndipo mulandire mayeso ofunikira. Kuzindikira msanga kungathandize kuti chithandizo chikhale chopambana.
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