Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha mukamva mawu oti "khansa" ndi "chithandizo cha radiation" kapena monga momwe timatchulira, "chithandizo cha radiation." Koma kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwenikweni? Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Mukadziwa bwino lomwe, mantha anu adzatha. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana chilichonse chokhudza chithandizo cha radiation cha khansa ya m'mawere, mwachidule, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi chithandizo cha radiation n'chiyani?
Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray amphamvu kwambiri kuti aphe kapena kuwononga maselo a khansa m'bere lanu. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amene ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere amachitidwa opaleshoni kuti achotse khansayo. Koma ngakhale zitatha zimenezo, pakhoza kukhala maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe sali m'dera lomwe sitingathe kuwaona. Chithandizo cha radiation chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga kwathunthu maselo ena onse a khansa otsala.
Nthawi zina, ngati khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi (khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira), mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito poletsa zizindikiro monga ululu. Zili ngati kutenga tochi yamphamvu kwambiri ndikuyilunjika mwachindunji ku maselo a khansa ndikuiwononga.
Ndi mankhwala ati a radiation omwe alipo?
Pali njira zingapo zoperekera chithandizochi. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwa inu, kutengera zinthu zambiri, monga mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo komanso komwe ili.
Tiyeni tiwone njira zazikulu ngati izi.
| Dzina la njira yochizira | Njira yochitira izi ndi yosavuta. |
|---|---|
| Chithandizo cha Kutulutsa Ma Radiation ya Kunja kwa Mtambo (EBRT) | Iyi ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Makina akuluakulu (Linear Accelerator) amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka kuwala kwa dzuwa ku bere. Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimaperekedwa masiku asanu pa sabata, kwa sabata imodzi mpaka isanu ndi umodzi. |
| Chithandizo cha radiation chamkati (Brachytherapy) | Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa chinthu chonga mbewu chowopsa kudzera mu chubu chaching'ono (catheter) m'dera lomwe khansa inali. Chimasiyidwa pamalopo kwa mphindi zochepa kenako nkuchotsedwa. Chithandizochi chimachitika kawiri patsiku kwa masiku pafupifupi asanu. |
| Chithandizo cha Radiation Pantchito (IORT) | Izi zimachitika nthawi yomweyo opaleshoni. Dokotala amachotsa chotupa cha khansa ndikupereka mlingo wa kuwala pamalo pomwe chotupacho chinali asanatseke bala. |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pa tsiku loyamba? (Gawo lokonzekera)
Tsiku loyamba la chithandizo chanu si tsiku loti mulandire chithandizo. Ndi tsiku lokonzekera. Timagwiritsa ntchito tsikuli kufunsa mafunso anu onse, komanso kuthandiza gulu lachipatala kukufotokozerani zonse.
Kodi chidzachitike n’chiyani pambuyo pake?
- Kulankhula za ndondomeko ya chithandizo: Adzakufotokozerani nthawi yomwe muyenera kulandira chithandizocho, kangati, komanso nthawi yomwe chidzatenge nthawi. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 30-45, kuwalako kumaperekedwa kwa mphindi zochepa chabe.
- Mudzafotokozedwa momwe zinthu zidzayendere: momwe radiation idzaperekedwere, komwe gulu lachipatala lidzakhala panthawiyo, ndi zomwe simungathe kuchita (mwachitsanzo, kusasuntha).
- Mudzaphunzitsidwa njira zotetezera mtima ndi mapapo anu: Mudzaphunzitsidwa njira zapadera, monga kupuma mozama, panthawi ya chithandizo. Izi zithandiza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kuwala kwa dzuwa pamtima ndi mapapo anu.
- Mudzalangizidwa za zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale omasuka: mwachitsanzo, kuvala zovala zomasuka komanso zosagwira mukabwera kudzalandira chithandizo, chifukwa izi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa khungu lomwe limakukuta mabere anu.
- Kukambirana za zotsatirapo zake ndi momwe mungathanirane nazo: Kumakufotokozerani zotsatirapo zake zomwe zingachitike komanso zomwe mungachite nazo.
Kujambula kwa CT kumachitika panthawi yokonzekera
Pa tsiku lomwelo, mudzayesedwa ndi CT scan kuti muwone komwe mukufuna kulandira radiation m'mawere anu. Izi zitha kutenga pafupifupi ola limodzi.
- Mudzasungidwa osagwedezeka pabedi la chithandizo pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukhale pamalo omwewo nthawi yonse ya chithandizo.
- Kenako, zizindikiro zinayi zazing'ono zimayikidwa pamakona anayi a malo omwe akuchiritsidwa. Izi ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono zomwe zimaoneka ngati chiphuphu. Nthawi zina izi ndi zizindikiro zokhazikika, nthawi zina zimakhala zakanthawi. Izi zitha kusankhidwa polankhula ndi dokotala wanu, kutengera zomwe mumakonda. Zizindikirozi zilipo kuti zikuthandizeni kuyang'ana kuwala pamalo omwewo nthawi iliyonse.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kwenikweni panthawi ya chithandizo?
Mukafika kudzalandira chithandizo, membala wa gulu lachipatala adzakulandirani ndikukupatsani diresi lapadera loti muvale panthawi ya chithandizo chanu. Kenako:
1. Mudzatengedwera ku chipinda chochiritsira.
2. Kukuthandizani kuti mulowe pabedi la chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kugona chammbali. Muyenera kusunga mkono wanu pambali pomwe khansa yanu ili pamwamba pa mutu wanu.
3. Mudzayikidwa bwino mkati mwa chipangizo choletsa kuyenda chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa.
4. Pambuyo pake, gulu la madokotala lidzatuluka m'chipindamo. Koma musadandaule, akhoza kukuonani pa makamera ndikumva zomwe mukunena.
5. Makinawo atsegulidwa. Mudzamva phokoso laling'ono kuchokera ku makinawo, koma simudzawona kuwala kulikonse kwa radiation, ndipo simudzamva chilichonse.
6. Chithandizo chikatha, adzabweranso m'chipindamo ndikukuthandizani kudzuka pabedi.
Kumbukirani, simudzamva ululu uliwonse panthawi yonseyi, kotero palibe chifukwa chochitira mantha.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani chifukwa cha chithandizochi?
Chithandizo cha radiation sichimayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa nthawi yomweyo mutayamba kulandira chithandizo. Komabe, zotsatirapo zoyipa za nthawi yochepa komanso yayitali zitha kuchitika panthawi ya chithandizo komanso pambuyo pake.
| Zotsatira zoyipa za kanthawi kochepa (panthawi ya chithandizo komanso nthawi yochepa pambuyo pake) | Zotsatirapo za nthawi yayitali (miyezi kapena zaka pambuyo pa chithandizo) |
|---|---|
| Kutopa: Anthu ambiri amamva kutopa pang'ono. Izi zimatha patatha milungu ingapo chithandizo chitatha. | Mitsempha ya kangaude (Telangiectasias): Mitsempha yaying'ono yofiira ingawonekere pamwamba pa khungu. Izi ndi zachilendo ndipo palibe chodetsa nkhawa. |
| Kusintha kwa khungu: Khungu likhoza kukhala louma, lopindika, komanso lofiira. Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi mawanga onyowa m'khwapa kapena pansi pa mabere. | Kusintha kwa kukula kwa bere: Bere likhoza kukula kapena kuchepa kuposa kale. |
| Kusintha mtundu wa khungu: Munthu wokhala ndi khungu loyera akhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe owala ndi dzuwa, pomwe munthu wokhala ndi khungu lakuda akhoza kukhala ndi khungu lakuda. | Lymphedema: Ngati radiation yaperekedwa ku ma lymph nodes omwe ali m'khwapa, mkono womwe uli kumbali imeneyo ukhoza kutupa. |
| Kupweteka kwa m'mawere: Anthu ena nthawi zina amamva kupweteka pang'ono kapena kupweteka m'mawere awo. | Kutopa kwa nthawi yayitali: Anthu ena amatha kutopa kwa miyezi ingapo chithandizo chitatha. |
Chofunika: Mosiyana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy, chithandizochi sichichotsa tsitsi pamutu. Komabe, tsitsi la m'khwapa likhoza kuchotsedwa.
Kodi ubwino wa chithandizochi ndi wotani?
Chithandizo cha radiation ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi maselo a khansa popanda kuvulaza minofu yathanzi yozungulira. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti odwala khansa ya m'mawere omwe amalandira chithandizo cha radiation atachitidwa opaleshoni amakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa chobwereranso khansa yawo. Ndipotu, odwala osakwana 5% omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni komanso omwe amalandira chithandizo cha radiation amakhala ndi chiwopsezo chobwereranso pakatha zaka 10 kuchokera pamene opaleshoni yachitika.
Kodi pali zoopsa kapena zovuta zilizonse?
Izi ndi zochitika zosachitika kawirikawiri , koma ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.
- Kusweka kwa nthiti
- Matenda a mtima (Radiation heart disease)
- Mavuto a m'mapapo (pulmonary fibrosis)
- Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha m'mapewa ndi m'manja (Brachial plexopathy)
- Kawirikawiri, khansa yatsopano (Angiosarcoma) ingayambe m'dera lomwe lachiritsidwa.
Kumbukirani kuti zoopsa izi ndi zazing'ono kwambiri. Dokotala wanu adzachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti achepetse zoopsazi.
Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji panthawi ya chithandizo komanso pambuyo pake?
Nthawi yochizira ikhoza kukhala yosasangalatsa pang'ono kwa inu. Mungamve kuyabwa, kupweteka, komanso kutopa. Nazi malangizo ena okuthandizani panthawiyi.
- Valani zovala zothina komanso zothina: Kuvala zovala zothina komanso zothina kungapangitse kuti khungu lizipweteka kwambiri.
- Samalani kwambiri khungu lanu: Tsukani khungu lanu ndi sopo wofewa komanso madzi ofunda. Funsani gulu lanu lachipatala za kirimu wosakwiyitsa womwe uyenera khungu lanu.
- Pumulani bwino:Mungamve kutopa kwambiri masiku otsiriza a chithandizo. Onetsetsani kuti mwapumula nthawi zonse pa zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Idyani bwino: Zakudya zopatsa thanzi (tirigu, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyama yopanda mafuta ambiri, mkaka wopanda mafuta ambiri) zidzakuthandizani kukhala olimba.
- Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga kuyenda kwa mphindi 30 patsiku kungathandize kuchepetsa kutopa.
Mafunso ofunikira oti mufunse dokotala wanu
Musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za chilichonse chomwe chili m'maganizo mwanu. Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse.
- Ndi chithandizo chanji cha radiation chomwe ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa ine ndipo chifukwa chiyani?
- Kodi chithandizochi chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Ndiyenera kubwera kangati?
- Ndi zotsatirapo ziti za kanthawi kochepa zomwe ndingayembekezere panthawi ya chithandizo?
- Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani kuti tichepetse zotsatirapo zake?
- Ngati ndili ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, ndiyenera kumuuza ndani? Kodi ndiyenera kumuuza nthawi yayitali bwanji?
- Kodi chithandizochi chidzakhudza bwanji moyo wanga watsiku ndi tsiku? Kodi ndidzatha kupita kuntchito kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi?
- Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha chithandizochi?
- Ngati ndikumva mantha kwambiri kapena nkhawa ndi chithandizochi, ndingalankhule ndi ndani?
- Kodi tidzadziwa liti ngati chithandizochi chapambana? Kodi tingachidziwe bwanji?
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Chithandizo cha radiation ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri yochizira khansa ya m'mawere. Musachite mantha ndi zimenezi mopanda chifukwa.
- Njira yochizira iyi imachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa kubwereranso.
- Zotsatirapo monga kutopa ndi kusintha kwa khungu zingachitike panthawi ya chithandizo, koma zambiri mwa izo zitha kuthetsedwa.
- Musazengereze kuuza dokotala wanu kapena gulu lachipatala za vuto lililonse lomwe mukukumana nalo.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupuma mokwanira, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso kukhala ndi maganizo omasuka panthawi ya chithandizo.
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