Kodi mwana wanu nthawi zambiri amadwala pakhosi kapena tonsillitis? Nthawi zina timaganiza kuti ndi chimfine wamba ndipo sitimachisamala kwambiri. Koma ngati patatha masiku angapo mwana wanu ayamba kunena zinthu monga "Amayi, bondo langa likupweteka," kapena "Mwendo wanga ukumva dzanzi," musamangonyalanyaza. Chifukwa, kungakhale kuyamba kwa matenda otchedwa rheumatic fever omwe tikulankhula lero. Ichi ndi chinthu choyenera kusamala nacho, choncho tiyeni tikambirane za icho mwatsatanetsatane.
Mwachidule, kodi matenda a nyamakazi ndi chiyani?
Matenda a nyamakazi ndi matenda osowa kwambiri omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa minofu ndi ziwalo za thupi la mwana. Mwachidule, umu ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Ganizirani za chitetezo chathu cha mthupi ngati gulu lankhondo loteteza dziko. Ntchito ya gulu lankhondo ili ndi kuzindikira ndi kuukira olowa m'dziko lachilendo (mavairasi, mabakiteriya) ndikutiteteza ku matenda.
Tsopano, tiyeni tinene kuti mwana wanu ali ndi strep throat kapena scarlet fever. Matenda onsewa amayamba chifukwa cha mtundu wa mabakiteriya otchedwa Group A Streptococcus. Ngati sitichiza matendawa bwino ndi maantibayotiki, gulu lankhondo la thupi lathu limakhala ndi mantha pang'ono. Akamalimbana ndi mabakiteriya, amalakwitsa pang'ono. Amaona minofu yathu yathanzi ndipo amaganiza kuti, "Ayi, mdani," ndipo amayamba kuwukiranso. Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo likuphulitsa mizinda yathu.
Kulephera kwa chitetezo chamthupi kumeneku kumayambitsa kutupa m'mafupa a mwana, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, khungu, ndi ubongo . Matendawa amatchedwa rheumatic fever.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti matenda a nyamakazi si matenda a pakhosi. Ndi vuto losowa kwambiri koma lalikulu la matenda a pakhosi osachiritsidwa.
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a nyamakazi mwa mwana ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za matenda a nyamakazi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi mwana. Nthawi zina matenda a pakhosi pa mwana amakhala ochepa kwambiri moti simungawazindikire. Zizindikiro za matenda a nyamakazi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera patatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Zizindikirozi zimatha kufanana ndi matenda ena ofala, kotero nthawi zina tingasocheretsedwe. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zili mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera ndi zinthu zoti muzisamala nazo |
|---|---|
| Kutupa ndi kupweteka kwa mafupa (Arthritis) | Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri. Mafupa akuluakulu a mwana, monga mawondo, akakolo, zigongono, ndi manja, amafiira, kutupa, komanso amapweteka. Ululu nthawi zambiri 'umadumpha' kuchokera ku chiwalo chimodzi kupita ku china. Ngati bondo likupweteka lero, chiwalocho chikhoza kupweteka mawa. |
| Matenda a mtima (carditis) | Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a nyamakazi. Chingayambitse kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, komanso kumva ngati mtima ukugunda mofulumira. Nthawi zina, dokotala akaika stethoscope pachifuwa cha mwana, angamve phokoso lachilendo (murmur). |
| Kusuntha kosalamulirika (Chorea) | Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachilendo. Mikono, miyendo, ndi minofu ya nkhope ya mwana zimagwedezeka mosalamulirika, ngati kuti akuvina. Mwanayo sangathe kuchita zinthu monga kulemba, kudya, kapena kutseka mabatani a zovala zake. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. |
| Ziphuphu pansi pa khungu (Ma nodules) | Ziphuphu zazing'ono, zopanda ululu zomwe zimaoneka ngati mafupa zimatha kuwoneka pansi pa khungu pafupi ndi malo olumikizirana mafupa monga zigongono, mawondo, ndi manja a mwana. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha pakatha milungu ingapo. |
| Kutupa pakhungu kofiira | Ana ena amakhala ndi ziphuphu zofiira, zozungulira, komanso zomveka bwino m'thupi lawo, makamaka pachifuwa, m'mimba, ndi msana. Izi nthawi zambiri sizimayabwa. |
| Zinthu zina zodziwika bwino | Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zazikuluzi, mungakhalenso ndi malungo, kutopa kwambiri, kupweteka kwa thupi, mutu, komanso kutupa, ma tonsils ofiira . |
Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?
Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala matenda a nyamakazi, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
- Zaka: Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhudza ana ndi achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 5 ndi 15. Ndikosowa kwambiri kuti anthu osakwana zaka 5 ndi kupitirira 15 adwale matendawa.
- Malo okhala: Chiwopsezo chimakhala chachikulu m'malo omwe anthu ambiri amasonkhana pamodzi (monga masukulu, malo osamalira ana, m'nyumba zodzaza anthu) chifukwa mabakiteriya amafalikira mosavuta.
- Mbiri ya banja: Ngati wina m'banjamo adadwalapo matenda a nyamakazi, enanso akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la matendawa.
- Matenda a pakhosi obwerezabwereza: Ngati mwana ali ndi matenda a pakhosi obwerezabwereza, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a rheumatic fever chimawonjezeka.
- Zipatala: Ana okhala m'madera akutali komwe kuli kovuta kupeza zipatala ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa sangalandire chithandizo cha matenda a pakhosi panthawi yake.
Kodi n’zoona kuti matenda a nyamakazi amakhudza mtima?
Inde, ichi ndi chinthu choopsa komanso chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri tikamalankhula za matenda a nyamakazi. Matenda a nyamakazi sakhudza mtima nthawi zonse. Koma akatero, amatha kuwononga minofu ya mtima, makamaka ma valve a mtima .
Taganizirani za ma valve a mtima ngati zitseko m'mitima mwathu. Ntchito yawo ndikulola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha ndikuletsa kuti asabwererenso. Matenda a nyamakazi amatha kuyambitsa minofu ya zipsera pa ma valve awa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asatseke bwino kapena kuti asatseguke bwino. Izi zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a mtima.
Matendawa timawatcha kuti Matenda a Mtima Okhudzana ndi Nyamakazi . Choopsa kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikiro za matenda a mtima nthawi zina zimatha kuonekera patatha zaka 10-20 kuchokera pamene matenda a nyamakazi ayamba.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyang'aniridwa kwachipatala kwa nthawi yayitali ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda a nyamakazi. Izi zimathandiza kuzindikira msanga kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi kulandira chithandizo.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa?
Ngati mwana wanu akumva kupweteka pakhosi kwa masiku opitilira awiri kapena atatu, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala. Kuchiza matenda a strep ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera matenda a nyamakazi.
Ngati dokotala amufufuza mwana wanu ndipo akukayikira kuti ali ndi matenda a nyamakazi, adzamuyesa kangapo, monga:
1. Chitsulo cha pakhosi: Chitsanzo chaching'ono cha pakhosi chimatengedwa kuti chione ngati pali mabakiteriya a `Group A Streptococcus`. Izi zitha kuchitika ngati `Rapid Strep Test` yomwe imapereka zotsatira mkati mwa mphindi 10, kapena ikhoza kutumizidwa kuti ikayesedwe `Throat Culture` yomwe imatenga masiku angapo.
2. Kuyezetsa Magazi:Magazi a mwana amatha kuyesedwa kuti awone ngati ali ndi ma antibodies motsutsana ndi mabakiteriya a Strep. Angathenso kuwona kuchuluka kwa zinthu monga CRP ndi ESR, zomwe zimasonyeza ngati pali kutupa m'thupi.
3. Kuyesa Mtima: Kuyesa kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri kuti tidziwe ngati mtima wakhudzidwa.
- EKG (Electrocardiogram): Kuyesa komwe kumayang'ana momwe magetsi amagwirira ntchito mumtima.
- Echocardiogram (Echo): Monga scan, izi zimatha kuona bwino momwe ma valve ndi minofu ya mtima ikugwirira ntchito.
Zofunikira za Jones
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito malangizo apadera otchedwa "Jones criteria" kuti adziwe matenda a rheumatic fever. Izi zili ngati njira yowerengera. Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, mwanayo ayenera kukhala ndi zofunikira ziwiri zazikulu pansipa, kapena chimodzi chachikulu ndi ziwiri zazing'ono, pamodzi ndi umboni wa matenda a strep omwe adadwalapo kale.
| Zofunikira Zazikulu | Zofunikira Zazing'ono |
|---|---|
| Kutupa kwa mafupa angapo (Arthritis) | Malungo |
| Matenda a mtima (carditis) | Kuwonjezeka kwa ESR kapena CRP m'magazi |
| Ziphuphu pansi pa khungu (Ma nodules) | Kupweteka kwa mafupa (Arthralgia) |
| Kusuntha kosalamulirika (Chorea) | Kusintha kwa mayeso a EKG |
| Erythema marginatum (matuza a pakhungu) | Anakhalapo kale ndi matenda a nyamakazi kapena matenda a mtima a nyamakazi |
Kodi mankhwala a rheumatic fever ndi ati?
Pali zolinga zazikulu zingapo pochiza matenda a nyamakazi.
1. Kuchotsa matenda a bakiteriya: Gawo loyamba ndikuchotsa kwathunthu mabakiteriya a Strep omwe amayambitsa malungo a nyamakazi m'thupi. Pachifukwa ichi, dokotala adzakulemberani mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Izi zitha kukhala jakisoni kamodzi kapena mankhwala opha tizilombo masiku 10. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa mankhwala onse, ngakhale mwanayo akumva bwino. Apo ayi, matendawa angabwererenso.
2. Kuletsa kutupa: Mankhwala oletsa kutupa amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kutupa ndi ululu m'thupi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri pa ululu wa mafupa. Ngati zizindikiro zake zili zazikulu, makamaka ngati mtima wakhudzidwa, mankhwala amphamvu monga `Corticosteroids` angaperekedwenso.
3. Kupewa kubwereranso: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ngati mwana wakhala ndi matenda a nyamakazi kamodzi, amakhala ndi mwayi wobwereranso ku matenda a nyamakazi ngati atadwalanso matenda a strep. Pofuna kupewa izi, dokotala angamupatse mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa nthawi yayitali . Izi zitha kukhala jakisoni wa penicillin pamwezi. Mankhwalawa angafunike kupitiliza kwa zaka zambiri, nthawi zina mpaka mwanayo atakula.
Kodi timateteza bwanji ana athu ku matendawa?
Njira yabwino komanso yokhayo yopewera matenda a rheumatic fever ndi kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda a strep throat ndi scarlet fever mwachangu komanso moyenera.
- Musanyalanyaze kupweteka pakhosi: Ngati mwana ali ndi pakhosi lopweteka kwa masiku opitilira atatu, akuvutika kumeza, ali ndi kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes pakhosi, kapena ali ndi malungo, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala.
- Perekani mankhwala opha maantibayotiki monga mwalembedwera: Perekani mankhwala monga mwalembedwera ndi dokotala kwa nthawi yonse. Musasiye kumwa pakati, mukunena kuti mwana wanu adzakhala bwino pakatha masiku awiri.
- Makhalidwe abwino aukhondo:
- Phunzitsani mwana wanu kusamba m'manja bwino ndi sopo nthawi zonse.
- Aphunzitseni kuphimba pakamwa ndi mphuno zawo ndi nsalu kapena chigongono chawo akamatsokomola kapena kutsekula.
- Onetsetsani kuti anthu ena sagwiritsa ntchito mbale, makapu, ndi masipuni a mwana wanu.
Mwa kusamalira zinthu izi, mutha kuchita zambiri poteteza mwana wanu ku matenda aakulu monga rheumatic fever.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ngati pakhosi pa mwana wanu pakhala masiku opitilira awiri kapena atatu, ndipo pali zizindikiro monga malungo, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kapena chotupa pakhosi, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala.
- Matenda a rheumatic fever amapezeka chifukwa cha matenda a Strep bacterial omwe sanachiritsidwe.
- Matendawa amatha kuwononga mtima, mafupa, ndi mitsempha ya mwana kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero kuzindikira matenda msanga ndi chithandizo ndikofunikira kwambiri.
- Patsani mwana wanu mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe dokotala wamulembera kwa nthawi yonse. Musasiye kumwa ngakhale zizindikiro zitachepa.
- Mwana amene wakhala ndi matenda a nyamakazi angafunike kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali kuti asabwererenso. Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala.
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