Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa MS: Tiyeni tikambirane za RRMS (Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis)

Masiku ena, zimamveka ngati sizikuyenda bwino, maso anu amaipiraipira, thupi lanu limafooka... Koma pakapita kanthawi, zonsezi zimakhala bwino. Patapita kanthawi, zizindikirozi zimabwereranso. Kodi mwakumanapo ndi izi? Umu ndi momwe RRMS imakhalira, mtundu wofala kwambiri wa Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Chifukwa cha momwe zizindikirozi zimakhalira, nthawi zina zimakhala zachilendo kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso mantha ambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi RRMS ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

RRMS imayimira `(Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis)`. Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa `(Multiple Sclerosis)` kapena MS. Odwala pafupifupi 80 mpaka 85 mwa 100 a MS ali ndi vutoli.

Izi zili ndi tanthauzo m'dzina lake.

• Kubwereranso: Izi zikutanthauza kuonekera mwadzidzidzi kwa zizindikiro zatsopano kapena kuipiraipira kwa zizindikiro zomwe zilipo. Izi zimatha kukhala kuyambira masiku angapo mpaka milungu ingapo. Izi zimatchedwanso ``flare-up`` kapena ``exacerbation``.
• Kuchepetsa: Apa ndi pamene zizindikiro za matenda zomwe zinakula pang'onopang'ono zimazimiririka kapena kutha kwathunthu pakapita nthawi. Panthawiyi, mutha kukhala moyo wabwinobwino popanda zizindikiro zilizonse.

Matendawa amagawidwa m'magulu motere kuti akuthandizeni inu ndi dokotala wanu kumvetsetsa momwe matendawa akuyendera ndikusankha chithandizo chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu.

Kodi zizindikiro zofala zomwe zimapezeka mu RRMS ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za RRMS zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu, koma pali zizindikiro zingapo zodziwika bwino. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

Pakabuka kukwiya, zizindikiro zingapo zimatha kuchitika limodzi. Kwa anthu ena, zizindikirozi zimatha kwathunthu pakapita nthawi. Kwa ena, zizindikiro zina zimatha kupitirira. Koma musadandaule , pali mankhwala omwe alipo kuti athetse zizindikirozi zosatha.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikirozi ziwonjezeke?

Nthawi zina mungaone kuti zinthu zina zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro zanu zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Timazitcha kuti "Zoyambitsa." Koma kumbukirani, zomwe zimakhudza munthu wina sizingakhudze wina.

• Kupsinjika Maganizo: Zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka panthawi yamavuto aakulu.
• Kutentha: Kutentha kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri, kungawonjezere zizindikiro.
• Matenda: Ngakhale matenda ang'onoang'ono, monga chimfine kapena matenda a mkodzo, angayambitse zizindikiro zakale za MS kubwereranso.
• Kusuta: Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya ndi chifukwa chowonjezera matendawa.
• Kusowa kwa Vitamini D: Kuchepa kwa vitamini D m'thupi kungakhudzenso.

N’chifukwa chiyani MS imayamba? Kodi chifukwa chake n’chiyani?

Chifukwa chenicheni cha MS sichikudziwikabe, koma chimaonedwa kuti ndi vuto la autoimmune .

Mwachidule, chitetezo cha mthupi lathu (chitetezo cha mthupi) chimaukira ziwalo zathanzi za thupi lathu molakwika. Mu MS, kuukira kumeneku kumayang'ana pa dongosolo lathu la mitsempha (ubongo ndi msana).

Kunena zoona, chitetezo chozungulira mitsempha muubongo ndi msana chawonongeka. Timachitcha kuti ``Myelin''. Chili ngati chivundikiro cha pulasitiki chozungulira waya wamagetsi. Chivundikirochi chikawonongeka, mauthenga a mitsempha samayenda bwino. Pamenepo ndi pomwe zizindikiro zomwe takhala tikukambirana zimawonekera.

Kafukufuku wapeza kuti izi zitha kukhudzidwa ndi majini ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe monga kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr.

Kodi matenda a RRMS amapezedwa bwanji?

Kuzindikira matenda a MS kungakhale kovuta chifukwa palibe mayeso amodzi okha komanso otsimikizika. Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndi zotsatira za mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire.

• Kujambula kwa MRI: Izi zitha kuwona malo omwe awonongeka (kuvulala/mabala) a sheath sheath (myelin) mu ubongo ndi msana.
• Kuboola Msana: Izi zimaphatikizapo kumwa madzi a msana ndikuyang'ana zizindikiro za magulu a oligoclonal ofanana ndi a MS. Izi zingapereke lingaliro la ngati pali kutupa mu ubongo/msana.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zimathandiza kuchotsa matenda ena omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za MS.
• Kujambula kwa OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography): Iyi ndi njira yoyesera yopanda ululu yomwe imafufuza mitsempha kumbuyo kwa diso (retina). Imatha kuwona kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya maso chifukwa cha MS.

Kodi mankhwala a RRMS ndi ati?

Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala omwe apezeka kuti athetse MS kwathunthu,Pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri masiku ano omwe angathe kuletsa matendawa ndikusintha momwe matendawa akuyendera.

Zolinga zazikulu za chithandizochi ndi izi:

• Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha kubwereranso m'mbuyo.
• Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwatsopano kwa dongosolo la mitsempha.
• Kuchepetsa liwiro lomwe zizindikiro zimakulirakulira.

Mankhwalawa amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo jakisoni, mankhwala omwa, ndi kulowetsedwa m'mitsempha, monga saline.

Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa ``Matenda Osintha Matenda'' (DMTs). Amagwira ntchito posintha mtundu wa matendawa ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha mtsogolo. Chifukwa chake , ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyamba chithandizo mwachangu momwe mungathere.

Kodi moyo udzakhala bwanji ndi matendawa?

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha komanso nkhawa mukazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda osatha ngati awa. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, ngakhale muli ndi MS, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wachimwemwe, komanso wopambana.

Pakhala kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pa chithandizo cha MS m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, zomwe zapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwongolera momwe matendawa akuyendera.

Anthu ena akakhala ndi RRMS kwa kanthawi, amatha kukhala ndi vuto lomwe zizindikiro zimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, koma kuchuluka kwa kubwereranso kumachepa. Izi zimatchedwa ``Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS)``. Komabe, ndi chithandizo choyambirira komanso choyenera, vutoli likhoza kupewedwa kapena kuchedwa.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yanji?

• Ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira.
• Ngati chithandizocho chimayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa.
• Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi matendawa.