Kodi mwana wanu amakhala chete pazochitika zina? Zingakhale Selective Mutism - Tiyeni tikambirane za izi! | Nirogi Lanka

Kunyumba, mwana wanu mwina amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri—kulankhula mosalekeza, kuseka, ndi kusewera mokweza. Komabe, kodi mumamva ngati mwadzidzidzi atayika mawu awo akangolowa sukulu, kupita kwa achibale, kapena kupita ku phwando? Kodi amapewa kulankhula kotheratu, mwina kungogwedeza mutu akafunsidwa funso? Ngakhale mungakane izi ngati manyazi, kuuma mtima, kapena umunthu wodziletsa, zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri. Ku Nirogi Lanka , tikufuna kuti mudziwe kuti izi zitha kukhala matenda amisala omwe amachokera ku mantha ndi nkhawa. Lero, tiyeni tifufuze zenizeni za 'Selective Mutism'.

Kodi Selective Mutism ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Selective Mutism ndi vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuti munthu asamathe kulankhula pazochitika zina zomwe zimakuvutani kapena zomwe zimakuvutitsani. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti izi si chisankho kapena kuchita zinthu zonyoza . M'malo otetezeka komanso odziwika bwino monga kunyumba kwanu, mutha kulankhulana bwino kwambiri. Komabe, m'malo monga kusukulu kapena mukakhala ndi alendo, mungamve ngati mawu anu atha.

Izi sizinthu za manyazi chabe; ndi matenda odziwika bwino a nkhawa. Nthawi zambiri amayamba ali mwana, nthawi zambiri ali ndi zaka 5, ndipo nthawi zambiri amadziwika mukayamba sukulu ya ana aang'ono kapena ya kindergarten. Komabe, amathanso kukhudza ana okalamba ndi akuluakulu.

Ngakhale deta ina ikusonyeza kuti matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi, izi zitha kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimachitika pagulu. Komabe, ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, omwe amakhudza anthu osakwana 1% ya anthu. Ku Nirogi Lanka, tili pano kuti tikuthandizeni pamavuto awa.

Kodi zizindikiro za Selective Mutism ndi ziti?

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, chikhalidwe cha "kusankha" chimatanthauza kuti mungamve mosavuta kulankhula m'malo ena koma zimakuvutani kulankhula pamene nkhawa ikugwira ntchito mwa ena. Zizindikiro zimaonekera mosiyana mwa aliyense; zina zingakhale zosalankhula kwenikweni m'malo enaake, pomwe zina zingalankhule m'njira zochepa.

Kulephera kulankhula kwathunthu kapena pafupifupi kwathunthu

Muzochitika izi, mungapewe kulankhula kapena kudzipeza kuti simungathe kutulutsa mawu, omwe nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi:

• Kumva ngati 'wazizira'. Uku ndi kuyankha kwa thupi chifukwa cha nkhawa yaikulu, osati kukana kulankhula.
• Kuuma kwa thupi. Mutha kukhalabe olimba, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nswala yomwe ili ndi magetsi.
• Kulankhula kopanda kanthu mukakhala pamalo opsinjika maganizo.
• Kupewa kuyang'anana maso.
• Kudzipatula pagulu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli mkalasi ndipo mphunzitsi wakufunsani funso, mungayang'ane pansi kapena kwina kuti mupewe kuyanjana.
• Kulephera kufotokoza zosowa zanu zofunika. Mungapewe kupempha kuti mugwiritse ntchito chimbudzi, ngakhale pakakhala zochitika zadzidzidzi.
• Kuchita zinthu mopupuluma kapena kuoneka wokwiya ngati njira yothanirana ndi kukakamizidwa kuti mulankhule.

Kulankhulana kopanda mawu

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ngati kugununkhiza kapena manja m'malo mwa mawu.
• Kusankha kulemba mauthenga kapena kuloza zinthu kuti asamalankhule.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito thupi, monga kugwedeza mutu, kugwedeza mutu, kapena kuloza.

Kulankhula kochepa kapena koletsedwa

• Kutenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuti ndiyankhe.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la mawu amodzi kapena awiri okha kapena ziganizo zazifupi komanso zosavuta.
• Kunong'oneza, kuchita chibwibwi, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ofewa kwambiri.
• Kulankhula ndi mawu osinthika kapena kamvekedwe, monga mawu a robotic, mosiyana ndi mawu anu achibadwa olankhula.

Nchifukwa chiyani Selective Mutism imachitika?

Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chenicheni chikufufuzidwabe, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kuti izi zichitike:

Matenda a Maganizo Ogwirizana

Kusankha Mutism nthawi zambiri kumachitika limodzi ndi matenda ena, monga:

• Matenda a Nkhawa pa Anthu: Amapezeka kwambiri, ndipo 75% mpaka 100% ya anthu omwe ali ndi Selective Mutism akuwonetsa zizindikiro za nkhawa pa anthu.
• Kuopa zinthu: Kuopa zinthu zinazake mopanda nzeru.
• Matenda ena a nkhawa.
• Matenda a Autism Spectrum.
• Nkhawa Yopatukana: Kuopa kwambiri kukhala kutali ndi osamalira.
• Matenda Ovutika Maganizo Pambuyo pa Zoopsa (PTSD).

Majini ndi Mbiri ya Banja

Nkhawa nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'mabanja. Ngati wachibale wapafupi ali ndi mbiri ya nkhawa kapena mavuto ofanana, mwina muli ndi chibadwa chokulirapo.

Mavuto Olankhula ndi Kulankhulana

Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kulankhula (monga Kusokonezeka kwa Kumva) kapena kuchedwa kuphunzira, nkhawa yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha zimenezi ingayambitse Kusokonezeka kwa Kulankhula. Mofananamo, kusokonezeka kwa kulankhula bwino kapena kusamva bwino mawu anu kungayambitse vutoli.

Zinthu Zachikhalidwe ndi Zachilengedwe

Zinthu zina pa moyo zimatha kukulitsa kapena kuyambitsa vutoli:

• Kuzunzidwa.
• Zochitika zoopsa kapena nkhanza.
• Kusakhazikika kwa banja kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito.
• Kusamukira kumalo atsopano komwe chilankhulo china chimalankhulidwa.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere chifukwa cha Selective Mutism?

Ngati vutoli silikusamalidwa bwino, lingakhudze kwambiri moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro, chonde funsani katswiri wa zaumoyo ku Nirogi Lanka kapena imbani 911 pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

• Mavuto a anthu, kusungulumwa, kapena kudzimva ngati uli wekha.
• Kupezeka kwa matenda ena kapena zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi nkhawa.
• Zotsatira zoyipa pa kupita patsogolo kwa maphunziro kapena magwiridwe antchito.

Kodi matendawa amawapeza bwanji?

Kusamva bwino kwa ziwalo za thupi nthawi zambiri kumadziwika ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo , monga dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo. Akatswiri a matenda olankhula nawo amakhalanso ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakuwunika matenda mwa kuchotsa mavuto ena olankhulana.

Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala wanu adzawunika vutoli poona zizindikiro ndi machitidwe. Adzakufunsani inu—kapena mwana wanu—mafunso okhudza zomwe zachitikazi ndi zina zilizonse zomwe zingachititse kuti adwale.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafunso enieni ndi mndandanda wazinthu zachipatala kuti atsimikizire matenda. Malinga ndi American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, Text Revision™) , kuzindikira matenda a selective mutism kumafuna kukwaniritsa mfundo zisanu zotsatirazi:

1. Kulephera kulankhula nthawi zonse pazochitika zinazake za anthu komwe kumayembekezeredwa kulankhula, ngakhale kuti munthu angathe kulankhula pazochitika zina.

2. Chetecho chimasokoneza moyo wanu wachikhalidwe, maphunziro, kapena ntchito.

3. Kulephera kulankhula kwakhalapo kwa nthawi yoposa mwezi umodzi.

4. Kulephera kulankhula si chifukwa chosadziwa, kapena kusamva bwino ndi chilankhulo chomwe chimalankhulidwa chomwe chikufunika pagulu.

5. Kusokonezeka sikufotokozedwa bwino ndi chibwibwi kapena vuto lina lolankhulana, ndipo sikumachitika kokha panthawi ya matenda a autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, kapena matenda ena amisala.

Kodi pali mankhwala? Kodi angachiritsidwe?

Ndi chithandizo choyenera, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuopsa ndi kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro. Mukazindikira ndikulandira chithandizo msanga, anthu ena amatha kuona kuti zizindikiro zawo zatha kwathunthu.

Njira zodziwika bwino zochiritsira ndi izi:

Chithandizo cha Thanzi la Maganizo

Chithandizo cha maganizo—makamaka Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) —nthawi zambiri chimakhala chithandizo choyamba ndipo chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. CBT imakuthandizani kumvetsetsa nkhawa ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kusakhazikika kwa maganizo, komanso imakupatsani zida zowongolera machitidwe okhudzana ndi izi.

Pochiza ana, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti makolo ndi osamalira alowe nawo m'malo mwanu. Thandizo lanu ndi mgwirizano wanu ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti chithandizo cha ku Nirogi Lanka chipambane.

Chithandizo cha Kulankhula

Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwira ntchito ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino za kulankhula. Ndikopindulitsa makamaka ngati vuto la kusalankhula bwino limabwera chifukwa cha mavuto ena olankhula kapena chilankhulo.

Mankhwala

Ngati chithandizo chokha sichikwanira, mankhwala akhoza kuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo lanu la chithandizo.

Mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwambiri kwa matenda a mutism osankhidwa ndi Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). Ngakhale kuti awa ndi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, ndi othandiza kwambiri pothana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi nkhawa monga matenda a mutism osankhidwa. Dokotala wanu akhoza kukambirana nanu njira zabwino kwambiri kwa inu kapena mwana wanu ndikufotokozerani zotsatirapo zilizonse zomwe zingachitike.

Nanga bwanji ngati ine kapena mwana wanga ali ndi matenda a mutism osankha?

Kwa ana, vutoli lingasokoneze ntchito ya kusukulu, kuyanjana ndi anthu ena, komanso kupanga mabwenzi. Nthawi zambiri ana amapewa kulankhula ngakhale pamavuto aakulu.

Kwa akuluakulu, zotsatira zake kwa nthawi yayitali zingakhale zovuta, chifukwa zingalepheretse luso lanu lomanga ubale wachikondi, kapena wantchito, komanso zingakhudze momwe mumagwirira ntchito kuntchito kapena ku yunivesite.

Ngakhale anthu ambiri amakumana ndi kusintha kwachilengedwe akamakula, ena angapitirize kusonyeza zizindikiro kapena kukhala ndi matenda ena a nkhawa, monga nkhawa yokhudzana ndi anthu. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kuchitapo kanthu kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Ndi chisamaliro cha akatswiri, anthu ambiri amatha kuphunzira kuthana ndi vutoli bwino kuti lisawalepheretse m'moyo wawo.

Komabe, ngati sichinachiritsidwe, zotsatira zake zingakhale zazikulu. Ngakhale kuti si vuto lalikulu lomwe lingawononge moyo, ndi vuto lomwe limafuna thandizo la akatswiri.

Kodi kusankha matenda a mutism kungapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, palibe njira yodziwika yopewera matenda a mutism osankhidwa. Popeza zifukwa zenizeni zikufufuzidwabe, palibe njira zenizeni zopewera matenda pakadali pano.

Kodi ndingathandize bwanji mwana wanga ndi matenda a mutism osankhidwa bwino?

Ndi zachibadwa kukhumudwa mwana wanu akangokhala chete pagulu, ngakhale mutamulimbikitsa. Kukhumudwa kumeneku kungakule kwambiri mukaona mwana wanu akuvutika kapena akuvutika maganizo akakakamizidwa kuti alankhule.

Komabe, chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira ndi chakuti Selective Mutism ndi matenda amisala. Si chinthu chomwe mwana wanu angathe kuchiletsa. Komabe, mungathe kulamulira momwe mumachitira ndi vuto la mwana wanu komanso zizindikiro zake.

Nazi mfundo zofunika kuzikumbukira:

• Thandizani mwana wanu kumva kuti ali otetezeka komanso omasuka. Musamukakamize kapena kumukakamiza kuti achite zinthu zomwe zingamupangitse kukhala ndi mantha kapena nkhawa. Pewani kulankhula za mavuto ake pamaso pake, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kuti achite manyazi komanso nkhawa zina.
• Chepetsani mantha ndi nkhawa, kenako chitani zinthu zazing'ono pang'onopang'ono. Yambani mwa kulimbikitsa njira zolankhulirana zomwe zimamusangalatsa mwana wanu. Pang'onopang'ono muthandizeni kuzolowera malo ochezera musanamulimbikitse kulankhula.
• Khalani oleza mtima ndipo mupatseni mwana wanu nthawi yoti alankhule. Ngati mulankhula m'malo mwawo, mwana wanu angamve ngati akuchita cholakwika. Izi zingamupangitse kukhala kovuta kwambiri kuti athetse mantha ndi nkhawa yolankhula. Aphunzitseni kuti ndibwino kutenga nthawi yoganizira musanayankhe.
• Vomerezani khama lawo. Ngati mwana wanu akulankhula, muyamikireni chifukwa cha zimenezo. Mupatseni mphotho pa khama lawo—ngakhale pongomuyamikira ndi mawu okha. Athandizeni kumva kuti kulankhulana kwawo kwathandiza kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
• Musagwiritse ntchito chilango ngati cholimbikitsa. Ngati mwana akuopa kulangidwa chifukwa chosalankhula, nthawi zambiri vutoli likhoza kukulirakulira, chifukwa limawonjezera mantha ndi nkhawa zawo zonse.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa Selective Mutism?

"Zoyambitsa" za Selective Mutism ndi zinthu zinazake zomwe zimapangitsa munthu amene ali ndi vutoli kukhala chete. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Ena amaima pafupi kwambiri kapena kulowerera m'malo awoawo.
• Ena amalankhula mokweza kapena kuchita zinthu mwankhanza.
• Anthu osawadziwa kapena kukumana ndi anthu atsopano.
• Makhalidwe a thupi la ena, monga anthu aatali kwambiri kapena ooneka okongola.
• Chilankhulo cha thupi kapena khalidwe la ena, monga anthu omwe amaoneka ngati akuda nkhawa, kapena omwe amapereka zizindikiro zosasangalatsa kapena zoipa.
• Malo okhala anthu ambiri kapena okhala ndi phokoso.
• Malo ogwirizana ndi zokumbukira zachisoni kapena zosasangalatsa.
• Malo atsopano omwe sanapiteko kale.
• Zochitika zatsopano kapena zochitika zomwe mwana adakumana nazo kale.

Izi ndi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimachititsa kuti munthu ayambe kudwala matenda amisala. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amisala, ndipo izi zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi. Ku Nirogi Lanka, tikudziwa kuti mwana aliyense ndi wapadera.

Kodi Selective Mutism ndi mtundu wa Autism?

Ayi, Selective Mutism ndi Autism Spectrum Disorder ndi matenda awiri osiyana. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi autism akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga Selective Mutism.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Kusankha Matenda a Mutism ndi vuto lomwe munthu sangathe kulankhula pazochitika zina chifukwa cha mantha ndi nkhawa. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri limayamba ali mwana, lingakhudzenso achinyamata ndi akuluakulu. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ana omwe ali ndi vutoli sali ouma mtima kapena otsutsa mwadala. Kuphatikiza apo, ichi si chinthu chomwe angathe kuchilamulira okha.

Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwana wanu ali ndi Selective Mutism, chonde funsani dokotala wa ana kapena katswiri wa zaumoyo wodziwa bwino ntchito yake. Pali mankhwala othandiza, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri chithandizo chikayamba msanga. Ndi chilimbikitso chanu ndi chithandizo, mwana wanu amatha kuphunzira kudzilankhulira yekha popanda kulola mantha kapena nkhawa kuletsa mawu ake. Ngati mwakumana ndi vuto ladzidzidzi, chonde funsani 911 kapena ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi m'deralo nthawi yomweyo.

Mawu Ofunika: Kusankha Mutism, osalankhula, thanzi la maganizo la mwana, nkhawa za anthu, nkhawa yolankhula, khalidwe la mwana, Nirogi Lanka