Kodi mukudziwa za kudwala kwa mtima komwe kumachitika mwakachetechete?

Tikamva mawu oti "mtima," nthawi yomweyo timaganiza za munthu wina mufilimu amene amagwira pachifuwa chake n’kufuula ndi ululu asanagwe pansi. Zoona, matenda ambiri a mtima amabwera ndi ululu waukulu pachifuwa. Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti matenda ena a mtima amabwera popanda mawu aliwonse, ngati kunong'oneza? Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha "mtima wosalankhula" mu mankhwala. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa sitingazindikire ndipo sitingapeze chithandizo pa nthawi yake.

Mwachidule, kodi kuukira kwa mtima kosalekeza kumeneku n’chiyani?

Kudwala mtima kosalekeza kuli ngati kudwala mtima kwachibadwa. M'mawu azachipatala, izi ndi zomwezo monga ``Myocardial Infarction''. Mwachidule, mtima wathu ndi pampu yopangidwa ndi minofu. Minofu imeneyi imafunika mpweya wokwanira komanso magazi opatsa thanzi kuti igwire ntchito. Magaziwa amaperekedwa ndi mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi yotchedwa ``Coronary Arteries'' yomwe ili mumtima.

Tangoganizani kuti mtsempha wamagazi uli ndi cholesterol yambiri, yomwe imatchedwa plaque, ndipo pang'onopang'ono imatsekeka. Tsiku lina, plaque iyi imaphulika, magazi amaundana, ndipo mtsempha wamagazi umatsekeka kwathunthu. Kenako minofu yamtima yomwe imaperekedwa ndi magazi kuchokera ku mtsempha wamagaziwo imasiya kulandira magazi. Minofuyo ikataya mpweya, imayamba kufa. Ndicho chomwe chimatchedwa matenda a mtima.

Mu matenda a mtima abwinobwino, izi zimachitika ndi kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa. Koma mu matenda a mtima osamveka bwino, kuwonongeka kumeneku kwa mtima kumachitika popanda zizindikiro zilizonse, kapena ndi zizindikiro zazing'ono zomwe sitiziganizira kwambiri. Choopsa ndichakuti, kuwonongekako kungakhale kofanana pazochitika zonse ziwiri. Koma chifukwa palibe zizindikiro, simukudziwa kuti mukufunikira chithandizo.

Kodi timamvetsadi kusiyana kwa zizindikiro?

Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Tiyenera kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa zizindikiro za matenda a mtima wamba ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima osamveka bwino. Tangoganizani ngati mnzanu mwadzidzidzi akunena kuti ali ndi kupweteka pachifuwa, mungamutengere kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo. Koma ngati anganene kuti, "Ndikumva chizungulire pang'ono," sitingasamale kwambiri zimenezo, sichoncho? Onani kusiyana kumeneku.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?

Anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi matenda a mtima kuposa ena. Timatcha izi "zifukwa zoopsa." Zina mwa izi tikhoza kuzilamulira, koma zina sitingathe kuzisintha.

Zinthu zoopsa zomwe tingathe kuzilamulira

• Kuthamanga kwa Magazi Kwambiri: Kuthamanga kwa Magazi kukakwera, mtima umamva kupsinjika kwambiri ndipo mitsempha yamagazi imawonongeka.
• Cholesterol Yambiri: Cholesterol "Yoipa" (LDL) imaunjikana m'mitsempha yamagazi ndipo imatsekeka.
• Matenda a shuga: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wovulala mitsempha yamagazi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Matenda a mtima osakhazikika amapezeka makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso kwa akazi.
• Kusuta: Kusuta fodya ndi mdani wamkulu wa mtima. Kumatsekereza mitsempha ya magazi ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.
• Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Pamene kulemera kwa thupi kukukwera ndipo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kukuchepa, kumatsegula chitseko cha chilichonse kuyambira kuthamanga kwa magazi mpaka cholesterol ndi matenda a shuga.
• Kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri: Kupsinjika maganizo kosalekeza sikulinso bwino pamtima.
• Zakudya zosapatsa thanzi: Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, mchere, ndi shuga ndi zoipa ku mtima.

Zinthu zoopsa zomwe sitingathe kuzisintha

• Zaka: Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba, makamaka amuna akakwanitsa zaka 45 komanso akazi akatha kusamba.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati m'modzi mwa achibale anu apamtima (amayi, abambo, abale anu) adakhala ndi matenda a mtima ali aang'ono, inunso muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati mwakhalapo ndi vuto la mtima losamveka bwino?

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi ili. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amangodziwa kuti wadwala matenda a mtima osamveka bwino milungu, miyezi, kapena zaka zingapo pambuyo pake. Zimenezinso mwangozi. Tangoganizani mukupita kwa dokotala pazifukwa zina ndikuchitidwa `ECG` (Electrocardiogram). Pamenepo dokotalayo amaona kuti mtima wanu wawonongeka kale.

Mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira izi ndi awa:

• ECG (Electrocardiogram): Izi zimayesa momwe magetsi a mtima amagwirira ntchito kuti zione ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa minofu ya mtima.
• Echocardiogram (Echo): Ichi chili ngati scan ya mtima. Chingathe kuwona momwe mtima ukugwirira ntchito, momwe umapopera magazi, komanso ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse.
• Kuyesa Magazi: Pa nthawi ya matenda a mtima, ma enzyme ena (Cardiac Enzymes) ochokera ku minofu ya mtima amatulutsidwa m'magazi. Izi zitha kuyesedwa.
• Kuyesa Kupsinjika Maganizo: ECG imatengedwa mukuyenda pa treadmill kuti muwone momwe mtima umayankhira mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse? Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Izi ndi zadzidzidzi! Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda a mtima, ngakhale zitakhala zochepa bwanji, musayese kupita kuchipatala nokha.

1. Imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo: Ambulansi ndiyo njira yabwino komanso yotetezeka. Othandiza anthu omwe ali mu ambulansi akhoza kuyamba chithandizo choyamba chofunikira akamakutengerani kuchipatala.

2. Pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi: Ngati simungathe kudikira ambulansi, pitani ku ETU mwachangu momwe mungathere ndi thandizo la wina.

Ku chipatala, madokotala adzafufuza mwamsanga momwe mulili ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo.

• Kupereka mpweya.
• Kupereka mankhwala monga aspirin kuti magazi asaundane.
• Kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.
• Chithandizo chotsegula mtsempha wamagazi wotsekeka. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira izi:
• Angioplasty: Mu njira imeneyi, chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa ``catheter`` chimalowetsedwa kudzera mu mwendo kapena mkono mu mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa mumtima, ndipo baluni imadzazidwa kuti itsegule. Nthawi zambiri, kapangidwe konga mesh kotchedwa ``stent`` kamalowetsedwa kuti kasatsekedwenso.
• Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG): Ngati mtsempha wa magazi watsekeka kwambiri, chidutswa cha mtsempha wa magazi kuchokera mbali ina ya thupi (monga mwendo) chimatengedwa ndipo njira yatsopano imapangidwa kuzungulira malo otsekekawo. Imeneyi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu.

Kodi chiyenera kuchitidwa chiyani kuti chinthu chonga ichi chisachitikenso?

Mukadwala matenda a mtima, muyenera kusintha moyo wanu. Si chinthu choopa, ndi mwayi wachiwiri womwe mungapeze woteteza mtima wanu.

• Imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani ndendende: Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala angapo oti mugwiritse ntchito moyo wanu wonse. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala monga ``Statins`` omwe amachepetsa cholesterol, ``Antiplatelets`` omwe amayang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi ``Antiplatelets`` omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana. Musaphonye tsiku limodzi mwa awa.
• Zakudya zabwino pamtima: Chepetsani mafuta, mchere, ndi shuga momwe mungathere. Phatikizani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, ndi nsomba zazing'ono muzakudya zanu.
• Maseŵero Olimbitsa Thupi: Yendani kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku. Funsani dokotala wanu maseŵero olimbitsa thupi omwe ndi oyenera kwa inu.
• Siyani kusuta konse: Musasute ndudu imodzi.
• Konzani kulemera kwanu: Sungani kulemera koyenera malinga ndi kutalika kwanu.
• Sinthani kupsinjika maganizo: Mutha kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo pochita zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, yoga, komanso kuchita zinthu zosangalatsa zomwe mumakonda.
• Chitani nawo Mapulogalamu Othandizira Kubwezeretsa Moyo: Zipatala zina zili ndi mapulogalamu obwezeretsa moyo makamaka a odwala matenda a mtima. Kuchokera pa izi, mungaphunzire zambiri zokhudza masewera olimbitsa thupi, zakudya, ndi thanzi la maganizo.