Kodi mukudziwa zinthu izi zokhudza khungu lathu? (Khungu la Munthu)

Kodi munayimapo pagalasi ndikuyang'ana khungu lanu bwino? Mwina mukuganiza kuti khungu ndi chinthu chomwe chimaphimba thupi lathu ndipo liyenera kuoneka bwino. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti khungu lathu ndiye chiwalo chachikulu kwambiri m'thupi lathu chomwe chimachita zambiri? Inde, ndi zoona. Khungu lathu si chophimba chokha, lili ngati chishango chodabwitsa chomwe chimateteza chilichonse mkati mwa thupi lathu. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za khungu lodabwitsali.

Mwachidule, kodi khungu ili ndi chiyani?

Khungu lathu ndi chiwalo chovuta chomwe chimapangidwa makamaka ndi madzi, mapuloteni, mafuta, ndi mchere. Monga khoma, khungu lathu limaletsa majeremusi kulowa m'thupi. Limathandizanso kulamulira kutentha kwa thupi. Mukakhala otentha, ozizira, kapena kukhudza chinthu, mumachimva chifukwa cha mitsempha ya pakhungu lanu.

Khungu siligwira ntchito lokha. Tsitsi lanu, misomali, ma glands a thukuta, ndi ma glands a mafuta zonse zimagwira ntchito limodzi ngati dongosolo. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi kuti "integumentary system". Mwachidule, zikutanthauza "chophimba chakunja cha thupi."

Zigawo zitatu zazikulu za khungu lathu

Ganizirani khungu lathu ngati keke ya magawo atatu. Gawo lililonse limakhala ndi ntchito yakeyake. Magawo atatu awa ndi awa:

• Epidermis: Gawo lapamwamba kwambiri lomwe tingathe kuliona ndi kulikhudza.
• Dermis: Gawo lokhuthala kwambiri komanso lofunika kwambiri pakati.
• Hypodermis: Gawo la mafuta lomwe lili pansi pake.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zigawo zonsezi padera.

1. Epidermis - gawo lapamwamba lomwe timaliona

Ichi ndi choteteza khungu lathu. Mukuona, gawo lapamwamba ili lomwe mumakhudza limagwira ntchito zambiri. Maselo omwe ali mu gawoli amapangidwa ndi puloteni yapadera yotchedwa ``Keratin.''

• Kugwira ntchito ngati chishango choteteza: Chigawochi chimateteza majeremusi monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi kuti asalowe m'thupi, kusakanikirana ndi magazi, ndikuyambitsa matenda. Chimatetezanso thupi ku zinthu zakunja monga mvula ndi dzuwa.
• Khungu Latsopano: Kodi mukudziwa kuti khungu lanu limadzikonzanso lokha nthawi zonse? Khungu la khungu limapanga maselo atsopano a khungu nthawi zonse. Tsiku lililonse, matupi athu amataya maselo akale a khungu pafupifupi 40,000. Maselo atsopanowa amasinthidwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumapeza khungu latsopano pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi!
• Kuteteza thupi: Chigawochi chili ndi mtundu wapadera wa selo lotchedwa "maselo a Langerhans." Ndi gawo la chitetezo cha mthupi cha thupi lathu. Monga alonda, amalimbana ndi majeremusi akalowa ndipo amatiteteza kuti tisadwale.
• Utoto wa khungu:Khungu lathu, tsitsi lathu, ndi maso athu amapeza mtundu wawo kuchokera ku utoto wotchedwa ``Melanin``. Mtundu uwu umapezeka mu khungu la khungu. Ngati thupi la munthu lipanga melanin yambiri, mtundu wa khungu la munthuyo umakhala wakuda. Ndicho chifukwa chake umadetsedwa msanga ukakhala padzuwa.

2. Dermis - Gawo lofunika kwambiri pakati

Gawo lapakatili limapanga 90% ya makulidwe onse a khungu. Ndipotu, ntchito yaikulu yofunika kwambiri ya khungu imachitika pano.

• Mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha: Mitundu iwiri ya mapuloteni otchedwa `(Collagen)` ndi `(Elastin)` amapezeka mu gawo ili. Ganizirani za collagen ngati zipilala za konkire zomwe zimapatsa khungu lathu mphamvu. Elastin ili ngati mipiringidzo yotanuka pakati pa zipilalazo. Chifukwa cha elastin iyi, khungu limabwerera ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira litatambasulidwa.
• Kukula kwa tsitsi: Mizu ya tsitsi lathu ndi tsitsi la thupi lathu ili mu dermis layer iyi.
• Kumva kukhudza: Mutha kumva chinthu chotentha, chozizira, chokanda, kapena chosalala kwambiri chifukwa cha mitsempha yomwe ili mu gawo ili. Mitsempha iyi imakhalanso ndi udindo womva kupweteka.
• Kupanga Mafuta: Ma gland a mafuta omwe ali mu gawo ili amapanga mafuta omwe khungu limafunikira. Mafuta awa ndi omwe amachititsa kuti khungu likhale losalala komanso kuti lisaume. Ichi ndichifukwa chake khungu lanu silimayamwa madzi ambiri mukamasamba kapena kunyowa mvula.
• Kupanga thukuta: Ma glands a thukuta amapezekanso mu gawo ili. Kutentha kwa thupi kumayendetsedwa thukuta likatuluka kuchokera pamwamba pa khungu.
• Kupereka magazi: Epidermis (gawo lapamwamba) imalandira michere yake kuchokera ku mitsempha yamagazi yabwino yomwe ili mu dermis.

3. Hypodermis - gawo la mafuta lomwe lili pansi pake

Uwu ndi gawo la pansi pa khungu. Limapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta.

• Kuteteza minofu ndi mafupa: Tangoganizirani kuti mwagwa. Mafupa ndi minofu yanu yatetezedwa ku kuwonongeka chifukwa mafuta omwe ali pansi pake amagwira ntchito ngati 'choletsa kugwedezeka'.
• Kupezeka kwa minofu yolumikizana: Khungu limalumikizidwa ndi minofu ndi mafupa ndi minofu yolumikizana yomwe ili mu gawo ili.
• Kuthandiza mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi: Mitsempha ndi mitsempha yamagazi yochokera ku dermis imakula mu gawo ili ndikulumikizana ndi ziwalo zina za thupi.
• Kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi: Mafuta awa amagwira ntchito ngati 'chotetezera', kutanthauza kuti amaletsa thupi kuzizira kwambiri kapena kutentha kwambiri.

Zigawo zitatu za khungu ndi ntchito zawo mwachidule

Kuti zomwe takambiranazi zimveke bwino, onani chidule cha nkhaniyi pansipa.

Matenda ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhudza khungu

Monga chitetezo chakunja cha thupi lathu, khungu limakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana, ena mwa iwo ndi ofala.

Kodi tingatani kuti khungu lathu likhale lathanzi?

Pamene tikukalamba, kuchuluka kwa `(Collagen)` ndi `(Elastin)` pakhungu lathu kumachepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti khungu lapakati (dermis) likhale lochepa, ndipo khungu limayamba kugwedezeka ndi kukwinya. Ngakhale sitingathe kuletsa kukalamba, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti khungu lathu likhale lathanzi komanso lachinyamata.

• Dzitetezeni ku dzuwa nthawi zonse: Ngakhale mutakhala nthawi yambiri m'nyumba, nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa mukatuluka panja. Sankhani imodzi yokhala ndi SPF 30 kapena kuposerapo.
• Pewani kudera khungu: Ngakhale mutakhala padzuwa, kudera khungu lofiirira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zinthu kungawononge khungu lanu. Kungakule msanga komanso kungayambitse khansa ya pakhungu.
• Pewani kupsinjika maganizo: Kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri kungawononge matenda a pakhungu monga eczema ndi ziphuphu. Choncho pezani njira zopumulira.
• Yang'anani khungu lanu nthawi zonse: Yang'anani matuza anu nthawi zonse kuti muwone kusintha kwa kukula, mtundu, kapena mawonekedwe. Dziwani matuza atsopano omwe amawonekera. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zoyambirira za khansa ya pakhungu.
• Pewani kusuta: Nikotini ndi mankhwala ena omwe amapezeka mu ndudu ndi ndudu zamagetsi amakalamba khungu mwachangu.
• Tsukani khungu lanu pang'onopang'ono: Sambani nkhope yanu kawiri patsiku (m'mawa ndi usiku) pogwiritsa ntchito chotsukira chofewa.
• Chinyezi pakhungu lanu: Sambani thupi lanu nthawi zonse ndipo pakani mafuta odzola musanaumitse thupi lanu. Izi zingathandize kuti khungu lanu lisaume.

Kodi tiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngakhale kuti mavuto a pakhungu ofala amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba, pali nthawi zina pomwe upangiri wa dokotala umafunikadi.

Pamene muyenera kupita kwa dokotala:

• Kusintha kwa chizindikiro cha kubadwa: Ngati kukula, mtundu, mawonekedwe, kapena kufanana kwa chizindikiro cha kubadwa kwasintha.
• Kusintha kwa khungu: Ngati chinthu chonga chizindikiro chatsopano cha kubadwa kapena chotupa chikuwonekera.
• Mabala osachiritsa:Chilonda chachikulu kwambiri moti sichingaphimbidwe ndi pulasitala wamba ndipo chikuwoneka kuti chidzafunika kusokedwa.
• Kupsa kwambiri: Kupsa kwambiri komwe kumayambitsa matuza.
• Zizindikiro za matenda a pakhungu: Ngati bala lili ndi mizere yofiira mozungulira, ngati likutulutsa mafinya achikasu, kapena ngati malowo akutentha.
• Ziphuphu zosamveka: Ziphuphu za pakhungu zomwe zimapitirira kapena vuto lina la pakhungu lomwe palibe chifukwa chomwe chingapezeke.

Khungu ndi chiwalo chachikulu kwambiri m'thupi lathu, choncho ndi udindo wathu kulisunga bwino.