Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo ngati pali maselo amatsenga a 'joker' mkati mwa matupi athu omwe angakhale chilichonse? Izi zikutanthauza kuti, maselo apadera omwe angakhale maselo a magazi, maselo a mafupa, kapena maselo a minofu pakafunika kutero. Maselo amenewo ndi omwe timawatcha maselo oyambira . Awa ndi maziko omangira thupi lathu. Amatha kupanga zofananira zawo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sitimatha maselo awa m'thupi lathu. Komanso, maselo oyambira awa amathandiza kukonza minofu m'thupi lathu ikawonongeka.
Mwachidule, kodi pali mitundu ingati ya maselo oyambira?
Tikayang'ana maselo oyambira omwe ali m'thupi lathu ndi omwe amapangidwa m'ma laboratories ndi ofufuza zamankhwala, tikhoza kulankhula za mitundu itatu ikuluikulu. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri, choncho tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane.
| Mtundu wa maselo oyambira | Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi izi? |
|---|---|
| Maselo Oyambira a M'mimba | Apa ndi pomwe tonse timayambira miyoyo yathu. Maselo awa ali mu mluza womwe umapangidwa pamene umuna ndi dzira zimalumikizana. Ali ngati njerwa zoyamba m'nyumba. Maselo awa amatha kukhala mtundu uliwonse wa selo m'thupi lathu. Maselo a mluza awa ali ndi kuthekera kopanga mitundu yoposa 200 ya maselo m'thupi lathu. |
| Maselo Oyambira Akuluakulu | Maselo amenewa amapezeka m'maselo osiyanasiyana m'thupi lanu. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikusintha maselo owonongeka ndikupanga maselo atsopano ndikukonzanso minofu. Mwachitsanzo, maselo oyambira a hematopoietic mu fupa la mafupa amasunga maselo athu amagazi ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Maselo oyambira a Mesenchymal , omwe amapezeka m'maselo osiyanasiyana, amasamalira zinthu monga mafupa, cartilage, minofu, ndi mafuta. |
| Maselo Oyambira Omwe Amapangidwa ndi Pluripotent (iPSCs) | Awa ndi maselo apadera omwe amapangidwa mu labu. Ofufuza amatenga maselo oyambira akuluakulu omwe aperekedwa ndikuwasintha kuti agwire ntchito ngati maselo oyambira a mluza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amatha kukhala mtundu uliwonse wa selo. Ichi ndi chitukuko chachikulu mu zamankhwala. |
Ndiye kodi maselo oyambira awa amatipatsa ubwino wotani?
Maselo oyambira si okhawo omwe amamanga matupi athu. Ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa ofufuza zamankhwala. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi.
- Kumvetsetsa momwe matenda amakulira: Ofufuza amatha kukulitsa maselo oyambira mu labu ndikuwawona akusintha, zomwe zingawathandize kumvetsetsa momwe matenda ena amakulira m'minofu ndi ziwalo zinazake.
- Pezani njira zatsopano zochiritsira: Kafukufuku akuchitika pa maselo oyambira, omwe amakonza kapena kubwezeretsanso mitundu ina ya maselo, monga maselo a magazi kapena maselo a mafupa. Pali chiyembekezo chachikulu kuti kafukufukuyu abweretsa njira zatsopano zochiritsira matenda.
- Yesani mankhwala atsopano: Musanapereke mankhwala atsopano kwa anthu, maselo oyambira okonzedwa mwapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti atsimikizire kuti ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito.
Mwachidule, maselo oyambira ndi chida chodabwitsa chomwe chingatithandize kupeza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndikupeza njira zowachiritsira.
Kodi timapeza bwanji maselo oyambira awa kuti tifufuze?
Pali njira zingapo zopezera maselo ofunika awa kuti akafufuzidwe, zomwe zimachitika motsatira malamulo ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri.
- Kuchokera ku minofu ya munthu yoperekedwa (yomwe ili ndi maselo oyambira akuluakulu).
- Kuchokera m'magazi ochokera mu umbilical cord omwe amachotsedwa mwana akabadwa (izi zimakhala ndi maselo oyambira omwe amapanga magazi).
- Kuchokera ku mazira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga feteleza wa In Vitro (IVF), ndi ochokera ku mazira omwe asungidwa ndikuperekedwa kuti akagwiritsidwe ntchito kafukufuku.
- Kuchokera ku maselo a ``(iPSCs)`` okonzedwa mwapadera mu labotale.
Kodi chithandizo cha maselo a stem chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ati panopa?
Chithandizo cha maselo oyambira chikukula mofulumira, koma chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale bwino pa matenda ena. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Matenda | Momwe mungachiritsire |
|---|---|
| Khansa ya Magazi | Kuika maselo oyambira ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yochizira khansa ya m'magazi monga khansa ya m'magazi , matenda a myeloma yambiri, ndi mitundu ina ya lymphoma (non-Hodgkin lymphoma) . Mu njira imeneyi, maselo oyambira athanzi amaperekedwa kuti alowe m'malo mwa mafupa a wodwalayo omwe awonongeka. |
| Matenda a Magazi | Kusamutsa maselo oyambira kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mankhwala a matenda a magazi, monga mitundu ina ya kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi . |
| Mafupa Osweka | Kuyika mafupa, komwe kumapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo oyambira a mesenchymal (MSCs) ndi zinthu zina, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa kusweka kwakukulu. |
Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza akupitiliza kuphunzira za kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito ma MSC ngati chithandizo cha osteoarthritis, matenda otupa mafupa.
Kodi maselo athu oyambira angawonongeke?
Inde, matenda ena amatha kuwononga maselo oyambira m'thupi lathu, makamaka maselo oyambira omwe amapanga magazi m'mafupa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi
- Khansa ya m'magazi
- Myeloma yambiri
- Matenda a Myeloproliferative
Matendawa amakhudza mafupa, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yake yopangira maselo athanzi a magazi.
Kodi tingawonjezere maselo athu oyambira mwachilengedwe?
Ili ndi funso lomwe anthu ambiri amafunsa. Kafukufuku akupitilizabe kuti awone ngati kumwa mavitamini ena kungathandize thupi kupanga maselo ambiri oyambira. Komabe, palibe mfundo yotsimikizika yomwe yapezeka. Chifukwa chake, musamwe mavitamini kapena zowonjezera zomwe mukuganiza kuti zingawonjezere maselo oyambira popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu.
Matupi athu ndi cholengedwa chodabwitsa chopangidwa ndi maselo ambirimbiri. Mwa maselo amenewo, maselo oyambira ndi mtundu wokhawo wa maselo omwe amatha kupanga makope osatha a iwo okha ndikukhala mitundu ina ya maselo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi ofunika kwambiri. Popeza agwiritsidwa ntchito kale ngati mankhwala opulumutsa moyo ku matenda monga khansa ya m'magazi, madokotala amakhulupirira kuti maselo oyambira adzakhala chinsinsi chochiritsira matenda ena ambiri mtsogolo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Maselo oyambira ndi maselo 'apamwamba' omwe amatha kukhala mtundu uliwonse wa selo m'thupi lathu.
- Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa thupi, kukonzanso minofu yowonongeka, komanso kusunga thanzi.
- Mankhwala a stem cell akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pa khansa ya m'magazi, matenda a m'magazi, komanso mafupa ena osweka.
- Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, pali chiyembekezo chachikulu kuti maselo oyambira adzatha kuchiritsa matenda ambiri mtsogolo.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza chithandizo cha maselo oyambira, nthawi zonse funsani dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake, monga dokotala wanu. Musadalire mfundo zosatsimikizika zomwe zimapezeka pa intaneti kapena kwina kulikonse.
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