Kodi ma platelet anu m'magazi ndi ochepa? Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za thrombocytopenia!

Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe limabwera ndi mawu owopsa pang'ono, koma lingathe kuthandizidwa bwino ngati mwadziwitsidwa bwino. Ndi Thrombocytopenia . Mwina simunamvepo dzinali kale. Kapena mwina dokotala wakuuzanipo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa za dzinali. Kodi dzina lachilendoli lotchedwa Thrombocytopenia ndi chiyani? Nchifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika? Kodi ndi zoopsa? Mafunso ambiri otere ayenera kukhala m'maganizo mwanu. Tiyeni tikambirane zonsezi momveka bwino komanso mosavuta, monga kulankhula ndi mnzanu.

Kodi thrombocytopenia ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, thrombocytopenia imachitika pamene muli ndi ma platelet ochepa m'magazi mwanu kuposa momwe muyenera kuchitira. Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Kodi ma platelet awa ndi chiyani?" Musadandaule, tidzakambirananso za zimenezo.

Taganizirani izi motere: thupi lathu lili ngati fakitale yayikulu. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ogwira ntchito mufakitale iyi omwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mofananamo, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo m'magazi mwathu, iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yakeyake. Ma platelet a magazi ndi gulu limodzi la ogwira ntchito apadera.

Kotero, pamene kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kumatsika pansi pa mlingo wofunikira, timatcha kuti Thrombocytopenia. Zili ngati pamene alonda achitetezo ali ochepa kuntchito, mavuto ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala aakulu.

Kodi ma platelet ndi chiyani? Kodi amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ma platelets, kapena monga momwe timawatchulira , ma platelets, ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono, opanda mtundu m'magazi mwathu. Amapangidwa m'mbali yofewa ya mafupa athu yotchedwa bone marrow . Taganizirani za fupa la mafuta ngati fakitale ya maselo a magazi. Ndi komwe maselo ofiira a magazi (maselo omwe amapatsa magazi mtundu wofiira ndi kunyamula mpweya), maselo oyera a magazi (maselo omwe amatiteteza ku matenda), ndi ma platelets amapangidwa.

Kotero, ngakhale kuti ndi ang'onoang'ono, ma platelet amagwira ntchito yaikulu kwambiri. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikuletsa kutuluka magazi, kutanthauza kuti, kuphimba magazi. Mukavulala kwinakwake, kutuluka magazi kumasiya pakapita kanthawi, sichoncho? Eya, ma platelet amagazi awa amathandiza pa izi. Amabwera pamalo ovulala ndi kumamatirana, ngati damu, ndipo amaletsa kutuluka kwa magazi.

Ndiye mwamvetsa lingaliro, eti? Ma platelet ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu lomwe limalamulira kutuluka kwa magazi, limachita ngati "ma plaster" ang'onoang'ono.

N’chifukwa chiyani matenda a Thrombocytopenia amapezeka? Kodi zimayambitsa matenda amenewa ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, tsopano tikudziwa kuti thrombocytopenia ndi kuchepa kwa ma platelet. Koma nchifukwa chiyani zimachitika motere? Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi. Tiyeni tizigawa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu:

1. Kuchepa kwa kupanga ma platelet kuchokera ku mafupa

Ngati fakitale yathu ya ma platelet, yomwe ndi mafupa, sikugwira ntchito bwino, chiwerengero cha ma platelet omwe amapangidwa chingachepe. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha:

• Matenda ena opatsirana ndi mavairasi (monga, mwina munamvapo kuti ma platelet amachepa mukakhala ndi matenda a dengue).
• Mankhwala ena (makamaka chemotherapy).
• Kusowa kwa Vitamini B12 kapena folic acid.
• Matenda omwe amakhudza mafupa (monga khansa ya m'magazi , Aplastic Anemia ).
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.

2. Kuwonongeka mwachangu kwa ma platelet (kusweka kwambiri)

Nthawi zina, ngakhale kuti mafuta a m'mafupa amapanga bwino ma platelet, amawonongeka mwachangu mkati mwa thupi. Monga momwe zinthu zina zopangidwa bwino zimasweka panthawi yonyamula. Zifukwa zake ndi izi:

• Matenda a chitetezo chamthupi: Nthawi zina chitetezo chamthupi lathu (chitetezo chamthupi) chimayamba molakwika kuwononga ma platelet ake. Izi zimatchedwa `(Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura - ITP)`. Izi zitha kuwonekanso mwa ana aang'ono.
• Monga zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala ena (monga heparin).
• Matenda ena opatsirana.
• Anthu ena angachepe pang'ono kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi panthawi ya mimba, koma nthawi zambiri si vuto lalikulu.

3. Ma platelet amasonkhana pamalo amodzi m'thupi (makamaka mu ndulu)

Thupi lathu lili ndi chiwalo chotchedwa ndulu. Chimapezeka kumanzere kwa mimba. Ntchito imodzi ya ndulu ndikuchotsa maselo akale a magazi. Komabe, nthawi zina ndulu ikakula (monga matenda monga cirrhosis ya chiwindi), imatha kusonkhanitsa ma platelet ambiri, zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi thrombocytopenia? Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Ma platelet akakhala ochepa, mphamvu zawo zoletsa kutuluka magazi zimachepa, kotero zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuwoneka. Komabe, zizindikirozi sizimachitika kwa aliyense. Anthu ena sangasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse ngakhale kuchuluka kwa ma platelet awo kuli kochepa pang'ono. Komabe, ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kumatsika kwambiri, mutha kuwona zinthu monga:

• Kutupa mosavuta: Ngakhale kutupa pang'ono kungayambitse kutupa kwakukulu, kwakuda. Nthawi zina, madontho abuluu amatha kuwoneka pathupi.
• Madontho ang'onoang'ono ofiira/ofiirira pakhungu (petechiae): Awa ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono amagazi omwe amawoneka ngati abayidwa ndi kamtengo kakang'ono ndipo samasintha kukhala oyera akamakanidwa. Nthawi zambiri amaonekera koyamba pa miyendo.
• Kutuluka magazi m'kamwa: Kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kaya potsuka mano anu kapena pamene muli chete.
• Kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi.
• Zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti magazi asiye kutuluka pambuyo povulala.
• Kutuluka magazi ambiri panthawi ya msambo mwa akazi.
• Kawirikawiri, pangakhale magazi mu mkodzo kapena ndowe.
• Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri (yomwe siichitika kawirikawiri), zinthu zoopsa monga kutuluka magazi muubongo zimatha kuchitika.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi thrombocytopenia. Komabe, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi thrombocytopenia? (Kuzindikira)

Mukapita kwa dokotala, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyang'anirani (makamaka ngati pali mabala kapena kufiira kulikonse). Kenako angakufunseni mayeso ngati awa kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi thrombocytopenia, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, chomwe chikuyambitsa:

• Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yoyezera. Imayesa kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira, maselo oyera, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, ma platelet m'magazi anu. Kuchuluka kwa ma platelet mwa munthu wathanzi kumakhala pakati pa 150,000 ndi 450,000 pa mililita imodzi ya magazi. Kuchuluka kwa magazi m'magazi kumachitika pamene chiwerengerochi chili pansi pa 150,000.
• Kupaka Magazi Pambali: Pa izi, dontho la magazi limatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kuti lione momwe ma platelet amaonekera komanso kukula kwake.
• Mayeso ena: Ngati thrombocytopenia yatsimikizika, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso ena kuti apeze chomwe chikuyambitsa. Mwachitsanzo:
• Kuyesa matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi.
• Mayeso okhudzana ndi chitetezo chamthupi (kuti aone ngati ali ndi vuto ngati ITP).
• Ngati kuli kofunikira, kuyezetsa/kufufuza za mafuta a m'mafupa kungachitikenso. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha mafuta a m'mafupa ndi singano yaying'ono ndikuyesa kuti aone ngati mafuta a m'mafupa akupanga ma platelet moyenera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'mavuto ovuta kwambiri.

Kodi mankhwala a thrombocytopenia ndi ati?

Chithandizo cha thrombocytopenia chimadalira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ma platelet m'magazi, kutsika kwa ma platelet m'magazi, komanso kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu.

• Kuchiza Choyambitsa: Nthawi zina, chifukwa chachikulu cha thrombocytopenia chikachiritsidwa, kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kumabwerera mwakale. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mankhwala apangitsa kuti ma platelet achepe, kusiya kumwa mankhwala kungathandize. Ngati ndi kusowa kwa mavitamini, kumwa mapiritsi a mavitamini kungathandize.
• Matenda a Thrombocytopenia Ochepa: Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu sikuli kotsika kwambiri, ndipo mulibe zizindikiro zazikulu, simungafunike chithandizo chapadera. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti muyeze magazi nthawi zonse (kuyang'aniridwa).
• Chithandizo cha ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura):
• Ma Steroid: Izi zimachepetsa mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mthupi yomwe imawononga ma platelet.
• Immunoglobulin Yolowetsedwa M'mitsempha (IVIG): Izi zimakhudzanso chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ma platelet.
• Mankhwala ena oletsa chitetezo chamthupi.
• Nthawi zina zoopsa kwambiri, splenectomy ingachitike, chifukwa ndulu ndiye malo ofunikira kwambiri owonongera ma platelet.
• Kuika Ma platelet: Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kuli kochepa kwambiri ndipo pali chiopsezo chotuluka magazi, ma platelet amatha kuperekedwa kunja kwa thupi. Komabe, iyi ndi njira yakanthawi.

Chofunika: Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo choyenera kwa inu, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi thrombocytopenia ayenera kudziwa chiyani?

Ngati muli ndi thrombocytopenia, ndi bwino kusamalira zinthu izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chotaya magazi:

• Pewani masewera ndi zochitika zomwe zingayambitse kuvulala: Pewani masewera omwe amakhudzana (monga rugby, nkhonya).
• Samalani mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zakuthwa: Samalani kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga mipeni ndi lumo.
• Gwiritsani ntchito burashi yofewa potsuka mano anu. Pewani kuvulaza nkhama zanu.
• Musamwe mankhwala enaake popanda upangiri wa dokotala: Musamwe mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, makamaka aspirin kapena ibuprofen, popanda chilolezo cha dokotala. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi.
• Chepetsani kapena siyani kumwa mowa kotheratu.
• Pewani kudzimbidwa: Idyani zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri (masamba, zipatso) ndipo imwani madzi ambiri, chifukwa kudzimbidwa kungayambitse kutuluka magazi mukamapanikizika.
• Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukumva kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka, mutu waukulu, kapena zizindikiro zina zatsopano.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ngakhale dzina lakuti thrombocytopenia lingakhale loopsa, ndi vuto lomwe lingathetsedwe bwino ngati mukulidziwa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yake, ndikulandira chithandizo choyenera.

Kumbukirani:

* Thrombocytopenia ndi kuchepa kwa ma platelet m'magazi.

* Ma platelet ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta maselo tomwe timathandiza kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi.

* Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri za izi.

* Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kusanduka buluu mosavuta kapena kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, pitani kwa dokotala.

* Izi zitha kuzindikirika mosavuta ndi mayeso a magazi otchedwa CBC.

* Chithandizo chimadalira chifukwa ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli.

Kotero, ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vuto ngati ili, musachite mantha, musachite mantha, ndipo funani upangiri kwa dokotala. Chidziwitso choyenera ndicho chitetezo chabwino kwambiri!

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