Tangoganizirani, kupweteka kwadzidzidzi kwa chifuwa... kutuluka thukuta, ndi kuvutika kupuma. Kodi mumamva bwanji mukamva kuti muli ndi vuto la mtima? Lero tikulankhula za jakisoni wapadera womwe ungapulumutse moyo wa wodwalayo panthawi yadzidzidzi komanso yofunika kwambiri pamoyo. Uwu ndi mankhwala otchedwa Tenecteplase.
Mwachidule, kodi Tenecteplase n'chiyani?
Tenecteplase, kapena TNK-tPA, ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri omwe amasungunula magazi omwe amaundana. Madokotala amatchanso kuti "clot-buster."
Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone momwe matenda a mtima amachitikira. Pamene magazi amaundana mwadzidzidzi mu mtsempha wamagazi (mtsempha wa coronary) womwe umapatsa magazi kumtima mwathu, magazi opita ku minofu ya mtima amasiya ndipo gawo limenelo limayamba kufa. Pamenepo ndi pamene mankhwala awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Jakisoni wa tenecteplase umagwira ntchito posungunula magazi otsekedwa mwachangu ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi kumtima. Izi zili ngati kuchotsa chotchinga chachikulu pamsewu ndikulola magalimoto kudutsa.
Zinthu zoti mudziwe dokotala musanapereke mankhwala awa
Popeza mankhwalawa ndi amphamvu kwambiri, kungakhale koopsa kuwagwiritsa ntchito ndi matenda enaake m'thupi lanu. Chifukwa chake, musanamwe mankhwalawa, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa awa:
| Mkhalidwe kapena mwayi womwe mungakhale nawo | N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kudziwa za izi? |
|---|---|
| Aneurysm (kufooka kwa khoma la mtsempha wamagazi muubongo kapena kwina kulikonse) | Chiwopsezo cha kutuluka magazi n'chokwera kwambiri. |
| Matenda otuluka magazi, mavuto okhudza magazi kuundana | Mankhwalawa angayambitse kutuluka magazi kosalamulirika. |
| Matenda a shuga otchedwa Diabetic Retinopathy (kutuluka magazi m'maso chifukwa cha matenda a shuga) | Kutuluka magazi m'maso kungachuluke. |
| Matenda a mtima (Endocarditis) | Pali chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi kuchokera ku ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka. |
| Kuvulala mutu posachedwapa, matenda a muubongo, kapena chotupa | Chiwopsezo cha kutuluka magazi muubongo n'chokwera kwambiri. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika | Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungayambitse kuphulika kwa mitsempha ndi kutuluka magazi. |
| Opaleshoni yaposachedwa, kubereka mwana, biopsy, kapena kuvulala kwakukulu | Kutuluka magazi kungayambirenso kuchokera kumalo ochitira opaleshoni. |
| Stroke yaposachedwa | Kutuluka magazi kwina muubongo kungachitike. |
| Zilonda zam'mimba kapena zilonda zotuluka magazi | Kutuluka magazi m'mimba kapena m'matumbo kungachuluke. |
| Kukhala ndi pakati, kuyesa kutenga pakati, kapena kuyamwitsa | Dokotala ayenera kudziwa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike kwa mayi ndi mwana. |
| Matenda a chifuwa cha mankhwala ena kapena chakudya | Kupewa ziwengo. |
Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
Mankhwala awa si omwe mungagule ku pharmacy ndikupita nawo kunyumba. Tenecteplase imapezeka kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala chokha., katemera woperekedwa ndi dokotala kapena katswiri wazaumoyo wodziwa bwino ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakagwa ngozi, kwa wodwala amene ali m'chipatala.
Uwu ndi jakisoni mu mtsempha, kotero zotsatira zake zimakhala zachangu.
Ngati muli ndi mwana wamng'ono ndipo mukufunika kumupatsa mankhwala awa, chisamaliro chapadera chikufunika. Muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndikupeza upangiri.
Popeza mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mu mlingo woyenera kuchipatala, palibe vuto la 'kupitirira muyeso'. Komabe, ngati mukukayikira kuti pali poizoni wokhudzana ndi mankhwala, funsani nthawi yomweyo ku National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital , kapena pitani ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yapafupi.
Mankhwala ena omwe amakhudzana ndi mankhwalawa (Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala)
Mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa angagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa.
- Musamwe mankhwalawa ndi: Mankhwala monga Aminocaproic acid, Aprotinin, Tranexamic acid sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa.
- Samalani kwambiri ngati mukumwa mankhwalawa:
- Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana - mwachitsanzo `clopidogrel`, `ticlopidine`
- Aspirin ndi mankhwala ena ofanana nawo
- Mankhwala ochepetsa magazi - mwachitsanzo `warfarin`, `heparin`, `enoxaparin`
- Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu ndi oletsa kutupa (NSAIDs) - mwachitsanzo `ibuprofen` kapena `naproxen`
Mndandandawu sunathe. Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa, kuphatikizapo mavitamini, mankhwala azitsamba, ndi zowonjezera. Komanso, uzani dokotala wanu ngati mumasuta kapena kumwa mowa.
Zinthu zoti musamale nazo mutamwa mankhwalawo
Mukapatsidwa mankhwala awa, ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzakuyang'anirani mosamala kwambiri.
Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo chotuluka magazi . Zotsatirazi zitha kukhalapo kwa masiku angapo.
Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamala kwambiri panthawiyi.
- Mukatsuka ndi kutsuka ulusi, chitani izi pang'onopang'ono kuti musawononge mkamwa mwanu.
- Yesetsani kuti musadzivulaze kulikonse pathupi lanu.
- Ngati dokotala wanu akukuuzani kuti mupumule pabedi, tsatirani malangizowo mosamala. Izi zingathandize kupewa kutuluka magazi komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha kuyenda kosafunikira.
- Masiku ano musamwe mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga aspirin ndi ibuprofen popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Zina mwa izo ndi zazikulu ndipo ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Zizindikiro |
|---|---|
| Uzani dokotala wanu kapena ogwira ntchito ya unamwino nthawi yomweyo. | |
| Matenda a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, kapena lilime, komanso kuvutika kupuma. |
| Zizindikiro za Kutuluka Magazi | Chimbudzi chakuda kapena chamagazi; mkodzo wofiira kapena wakuda; kusanza zinthu zomwe zimaoneka ngati khofi wophikidwa; madontho ofiira pakhungu; kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka m'maso, m'kamwa, kapena m'mphuno. |
| Zizindikiro za Stroke | Kusintha kwa masomphenya; chisokonezo; kuvutika kulankhula kapena kumvetsetsa; mutu waukulu; dzanzi mwadzidzidzi kapena kufooka pankhope, mkono, kapena mwendo; kuvutika kuyenda, chizungulire. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Kugunda kwa mtima pang'onopang'ono kapena mofulumira kwambiri. |
| Ngati zikupitirira kapena zikukuvutitsani, uzani dokotala wanu. | |
| Chizungulire | Kumva mutu wopepuka. |
| Malungo | Kutentha kwa thupi. |
| Kusanza, Kusanza | Kusanza ndi m'mimba. |
Mndandandawu suli ndi zotsatirapo zonse zomwe zingachitike. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Tenecteplase ndi mankhwala amphamvu komanso opulumutsa moyo omwe amaperekedwa kuti asungunule magazi omwe amaundana chifukwa cha matenda a mtima. Amaperekedwa kuchipatala chokha.
- Choopsa chachikulu komanso chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi kutuluka magazi. Choncho, samalani kwambiri kuti musavulale kwa masiku angapo mutamwa mankhwalawo.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za matenda ena omwe mukukumana nawo (makamaka kutuluka magazi, opaleshoni yaposachedwa, kuthamanga kwa magazi) ndi mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa.
- Ngati muwona kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka, zizindikiro za ziwengo (monga kutupa kwa nkhope), kapena zizindikiro za sitiroko (monga dzanzi ladzidzidzi), dziwitsani ogwira ntchito zachipatala nthawi yomweyo.
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