Tiyeni tiphunzire za Chithandizo cha Thrombolytic, chithandizo chomwe chimasungunula magazi kuundana ndikupulumutsa miyoyo!

Tangoganizirani zomwe zingachitike ngati magazi atatseka mwadzidzidzi mtsempha waukulu wamagazi womwe umapita kumtima, muubongo, kapena m'mapapo? Izi zingalepheretse kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ziwalozo ndikuwononga. Uwu ndi mkhalidwe woopsa kwambiri. Ndi mwadzidzidzi kwambiri pomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chapadera kuti apulumutse miyoyo. Lero, tikulankhula za chithandizo chomwe chimasungunula ndikuchotsa magazi omwe amaundana, otchedwa 'Thrombolytic Therapy.'

Mwachidule, kodi chithandizo cha thrombolytic ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale dzinali ndi lovuta pang'ono, lingaliro lake ndi losavuta. Mwachidule, izi zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wapadera wa mankhwala kuti asungunule ndikuchotsa magazi owuma omwe apanga m'mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa matupi athu. Zili ngati kusungunula ndikuchotsa chotseka mu chitoliro chamadzi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizochi ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwa magazi komwe kwatsekedwa ndi magazi kuundana. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo (monga mtima ndi ubongo) zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mtsempha wamagaziwo. Ichi ndi chithandizo chomwe chimaperekedwa pazochitika zadzidzidzi. Chithandizochi chingakhale chopulumutsa moyo, makamaka pazochitika monga matenda a mtima (`(Myocardial Infarction)`), sitiroko yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi muubongo (`(Ischemic Stroke)`), kapena magazi kuundana m'mapapo (`(Pulmonary Embolism)`).

Ndani akufunika chithandizochi? Ndipo ndani sayenera kuchilandira?

Uwu si chithandizo chomwe chingaperekedwe kwa aliyense. Madokotala amaganizira zinthu zambiri asanapereke chithandizochi kwa munthu wina. Chifukwa chili ndi zoopsa zina. Tiyeni tiwone nthawi yomwe chithandizochi chili choyenera komanso nthawi yomwe sichili choyenera.

Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amadera nkhawa kwambiri za chiopsezo cha mavuto omwe angabwere akamapereka chithandizochi kwa amayi apakati ndi okalamba.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya chithandizochi ndi iti?

Pali njira zingapo zoperekera mankhwala otsekereza magazi. Dokotala adzasankha njira yoyenera kwambiri kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili komanso komwe magazi ake ali.

1. Kuchuluka kwa Thupi (Systemic Thrombolysis)

Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Apa, chubu cha IV chimayikidwa mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja, ngati madzi amchere, ndipo mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kudzera mu izo. Mankhwalawa amayenda m'njira yonse yozungulira magazi, komwe amasungunula magazi oundana. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazidzidzidzi monga matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi magazi oundana m'mapapo.

2. Thrombolysis yotsogozedwa ndi Catheter

Njira iyi ndi yosiyana pang'ono. Apa, chubu chopyapyala kwambiri, chachitali (chimenechi chimatchedwa catheter) chimalowetsedwa m'thupi kudzera m'mitsempha ya m'mimba, pakhosi, kapena m'dzanja. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga X-ray, nsonga ya catheter iyi imatsogozedwa kumalo enieni a magazi oundana. Kenako, m'malo mopereka mankhwalawo mthupi lonse, amalowetsedwa mwachindunji mu magazi oundana kudzera mu catheter. Izi zimathandiza kuti mankhwalawo aperekedwe mozama kwambiri, mwachindunji kwa munthu amene akufuna. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pa matenda monga DVT ndi PAD. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pasadakhale.

3. Kuchotsa Thupi la Thupi pogwiritsa ntchito makina

Pankhaniyi, kuwonjezera pa kupereka mankhwala, magazi oundana amasweka ndikuchotsedwa mwa makina. Chipangizo chapadera (chipangizo chomwe chimagwedezeka, kuzungulira, kapena kuyamwa magazi oundana) kumapeto kwa catheter chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuswa magazi oundana ndikuchotsa m'zidutswa. Nthawi zina njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi njira yotsogozedwa ndi catheter.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo komanso pambuyo pake?

Mmene chithandizochi chimachitikira chidzasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mwalandira.

Pakagwa mwadzidzidzi

Ngati muli ndi vuto ladzidzidzi, monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko, madokotala adzayesa kuyamba kulandira chithandizo mwamsanga mukangolowa m'chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, ndikofunikira kuyamba kulandira chithandizo mkati mwa maola awiri zizindikiro zitayamba, kapena mkati mwa mphindi 30 mutafika kuchipatala.

Momwe chithandizochi chimachitikira

Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika mu njira ziwiri zazikuluzi.

Pa nthawi ya chithandizo, gulu lachipatala lidzapitiriza kuyang'anira zinthu monga kugunda kwa mtima wanu, momwe mapapo anu amagwirira ntchito, ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Pambuyo pa chithandizo

Dokotalayo adzayesa mayeso angapo kuti aone ngati magazi oundana asungunuka kwathunthu.

• Angiogram
• Kujambula kwa CT
• Echocardiogram

Mukamaliza kulandira chithandizo, muyenera kukhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa tsiku limodzi. Mukamaliza, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku ena awiri kapena atatu mukuyang'aniridwa. Ngakhale mutapita kunyumba, muyenera kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kuti magazi asaundanenso.

Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chithandizochi ndi ziti?

Monga chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, ichi chili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake.

Ubwino waukulu:

• Kupulumutsa moyo: Uwu ndiye ubwino waukulu. Chithandizochi chingathandize kupewa imfa pazochitika monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.
• Kupewa kulemala kosatha: Mwa kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, n'zotheka kupewa mavuto olankhula ndi kutayika kwa miyendo pambuyo pa sitiroko.
• Kuletsa kudulidwa kwa mtsempha: Ngati mtsempha waukulu wa m'manja kapena mwendo watsekeka, gawo limenelo la thupi likhoza kufa popanda magazi kuyenda. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa chiopsezo chimenecho.

Zoopsa zazikulu:

• Kutuluka magazi muubongo: Ichi ndi vuto loopsa kwambiri. Pafupifupi 1% ya anthu omwe amalandira chithandizochi akhoza kudwala sitiroko chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi muubongo.
• Kutuluka magazi kwina: Mutha kutuluka magazi kuchokera m'mphuno, ndi ndowe zanu, kapena ndi mkodzo wanu. Mutha kukhala ndi mabala kapena kutuluka magazi kumene IV kapena catheter inayikidwa.
• Zoopsa zina:
• Matenda a ziwengo
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso (makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika (`(Hypotension)`)
• Magazi oundana amatuluka n’kupita kwina n’kukakamira.
• Matenda a mtima (`(Ventricular arrhythmia)`)

Chifukwa cha zoopsa zimenezi, madokotala amaganizira zinthu zambiri asanapereke chithandizochi kwa munthu wina.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti ndikalandira chithandizo?

Mukapita kunyumba, ndikofunikira kusamala ndi zizindikiro zina. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zili pansipa, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Zizindikiro izi zingasonyeze vuto, choncho musanyalanyaze.