Kodi chithokomiro chimakhudza maso anu? Tiyeni tiphunzire zonse zokhudza Matenda a Maso a Chithokomiro!

Kodi mudamvapo kuti mavuto a chithokomiro angakhudze maso anu? Nthawi zina, matenda amodzi amatha kulumikizidwa ndi ena m'njira zomwe sitingazindikire. Ndicho chimene matenda a chithokomiro, kapena monga momwe amatchulidwira pakati pa madokotala, amatchedwa (Chithokomiro cha Maso - TED). Apa ndi pamene minofu yofewa yozungulira maso anu imatupa. Izi zingayambitse kusasangalala ndi kupweteka m'maso mwanu. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda odziteteza okha omwe amaukira chithokomiro. Izi zimachitika makamaka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otchedwa (Matenda a Graves). Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zina amatcha Matenda a Maso a Graves.

Kodi matenda a maso a chithokomiro (TED) kwenikweni ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Matenda a Maso a Chithokomiro (TED) ndi matenda omwe amakhudza minofu yozungulira maso anu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti adzipe. Ndi matenda omwe amadziteteza okha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaukira molakwika chithokomiro komanso minofu yozungulira maso anu.

Taganizirani ngati chitetezo chathu chamthupi chili ngati gulu lankhondo lomwe limateteza dziko lathu. Koma nthawi zina gulu lankhondoli limalakwitsa ndikuukira anthu ake. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika m'matenda odziteteza okha.

TED si vuto lomwe limabwera ndi kutha. Lili ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Kutupa ndi kusasangalala kumatha kubwera ndi kutha kwa zaka ziwiri kapena kuposerapo. Zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu; anthu ena sangakumane ndi vuto lalikulu, pomwe ena sangakumane ndi vuto lalikulu. Kwa anthu ambiri, vutoli silikhala lalikulu. Komabe, ngati litakula kwambiri, lingayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha kwa maso, kusintha kwa mawonekedwe, komanso kutayika kwa masomphenya.

Mwina munamvapo madokotala akugwiritsa ntchito mayina ena pa vutoli. Mayina awa ndi awa:

• Matenda a maso a chithokomiro
• Kuzungulira kwa chithokomiro
• Matenda a maso a Graves
• Kuzungulira kwa Manda

Zonsezi ndi mayina osiyana chifukwa cha vuto lomwelo, choncho musadandaule.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a maso a chithokomiro (TED) ndi ziti?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe mungadziwire vutoli. Onani ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro izi:

• Kutulutsa: Maso amaoneka ngati akukulirakulira komanso akutuluka.
• Maso oyabwa, oyaka: Zimangokhala zosasangalatsa, ngati kuti pali vuto ndi maso anu.
• Kutupa ndi kufiira kwa zikope (Blepharitis): M'mphepete mwa zikope mutha kutupa komanso kufiira.
• Maso ouma kapena kung'ambika pafupipafupi: Anthu ena amaona maso ouma, pomwe ena amangoona misozi.
• Kuthinathina pafupipafupi: Kuthinathina pafupipafupi komanso kosalamulirika kwa maso.
• Kumva kukhudza kuwala (Photophobia): Maso amakhala abuluu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuwona ngakhale dzuwa litazima kapena magetsi atayaka.
• Kupweteka kwa maso ndi mutu:Zingakhale limodzi ndi ululu wozungulira maso, mwina ndi mutu.
• Kuvuta kusuntha maso: Kumamveka ngati kovuta kusuntha maso poyang'ana mmwamba, pansi, kapena m'mbali.
• Diplopia: Kuona chinthu chimodzi ngati ziwiri.

Zizindikiro zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimakhudza maso onse awiri, koma nthawi zina zizindikirozi zimatha kuwoneka m'diso limodzi lokha.

Kodi mavuto a matenda a maso a Graves ndi otani?

Matenda a maso a chithokomiro akatha, kusintha kwa mawonekedwe ndi masomphenya kumatha kusintha. Koma izi sizimachitika nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina, minofu yozungulira maso imatha kukhala ndi zipsera ndipo singabwererenso mwakale. Komanso, ziwalo zina za diso zomwe zimakhudza masomphenya zimatha kuwonongeka kwamuyaya. Koma musadandaule, zinthuzi zitha kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni.

Kusintha kosatha kwa mawonekedwe:

• Kubweza kwa zikope
• Maso otuluka
• Maso odzaza
• Maso ofiira

Kusintha kosatha kwa masomphenya kungachitike:

• Maso osawoneka bwino
• Masomphenya awiri
• Kutaya masomphenya kwambiri - Izi n'zosowa kwambiri, koma ndibwino kudziwa.

Nchifukwa chiyani timadwala matenda a maso a chithokomiro (TED)?

Monga tanenera kale, ndi matenda a autoimmune. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaukira chithokomiro chanu ndi minofu yozungulira maso anu. Matenda a Graves ndiye omwe amachititsa kwambiri. Koma amathanso kuchitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena a chithokomiro, monga matenda a Hashimoto. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti nthawi zina anthu omwe alibe vuto la chithokomiro komanso kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kumatha kukhala ndi TED.

Mu matenda amenewa, ma antibodies ena opangidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi chanu amagwira ntchito ngati mahomoni a chithokomiro ndipo amamatira ku ma receptor a mahomoni a chithokomiro. Ma receptor amenewa amapezeka kwambiri mu chithokomiro, koma ena amapezekanso m'maselo omwe ali kumbuyo kwa maso. Chifukwa chake, ma antibodies omwewo omwe amakhudza chithokomiro amakhudzanso maso.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa (TED)?

Anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza vutoli. Onani ngati muli m'gulu limodzi mwa magulu awa:

• Ngati ndinu mkazi: Akazi ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza matenda a Graves ndi Graves kuposa amuna. (Komabe, ngati mwamuna atenga matendawa, nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa.)
• Ngati kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro chanu sikuli bwino:Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro (hyperthyroidism) ndi kuchepa kwa (hypothyroidism) kungathandizire ku TED. Ma mahomoni awa, monga ma antibodies omwe takambirana kale, amalimbikitsa ma receptors m'maselo a maso.
• Ngati mudalandira chithandizo cha radioiodine (RAI therapy): Chithandizo cha RAI ndi chithandizo chachikulu cha hyperthyroidism. Komabe, chingathandize kapena kuipitsa TED.
• Ngati mukusuta: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Anthu omwe amasuta fodya komanso omwe amasuta fodya ndi omwe amasuta fodya ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a maso a chithokomiro. Komanso, zizindikiro zake zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri ndipo zimatha nthawi yayitali mwa osuta fodya. Ngati muli ndi TED, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite nokha ndikusiya kusuta fodya.

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati pali madokotala (TED)?

Dokotala wanu akhoza kuzindikira vutoli mwa kuchita mayeso a maso ndikuwunika mosamala maso anu.

Ngati pali kukayikira koteroko, adzalamula kuti ayesedwe magazi kangapo kuti awone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro chanu komanso ngati pali ma antibodies ambiri kapena ochepa m'magazi mwanu.

Komanso, dokotala angapereke mayeso ena angapo:

• Kuwunika maso ndi ultrasound
• Mayeso a CT Scan (Computed Tomography - CT)
• Mayeso a MRI (Maginito Oyerekeza Maginito - MRI)

Mayeso amenewa amatha kudziwa bwino momwe minofu yozungulira maso ilili yotupa komanso ngati pali kupanikizika kulikonse pa mitsempha.

Kodi mankhwala a (TED) ndi otani?

Mtundu wa chithandizo chomwe mukufuna chidzadalira gawo la matendawa ndi kuopsa kwake. (TED) Pa gawo logwira ntchito, pali mankhwala omwe angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo mankhwala apakhomo, mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa ofesi, kapena mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala. Gawo logwira ntchito likatha, mungafunike opaleshoni kuti mubwezeretse mawonekedwe anu kapena kukonza maso anu.

Chithandizo chochepetsa zizindikiro

Mankhwalawa angathandize pamene TED ikugwira ntchito:

• Madontho a m'maso: Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madontho a m'maso omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa maso ouma, ofiira, kapena opweteka.
• Zowonjezera za Selenium: Kusowa kwa Selenium kwapezeka kuti kumawonjezera zizindikiro za TED, kotero dokotala wanu angakulangizeni izi.
• Magalasi a scleral: Awa ndi ofanana ndi ma contact lens, koma amaphimba dera lalikulu la diso, zomwe zimateteza kwambiri. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupereka mankhwala.
• Zothandiza pa masomphenya:Ngati muli ndi maso awiri, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kugwiritsa ntchito chigamba cha maso kapena kuvala magalasi okhala ndi ma prism apadera.
• Mankhwala a (Thionamides): Ngati muli ndi (hyperthyroidism) (chifukwa cha matenda a Graves), mankhwala monga (methimazole) ndi (propylthiouracil) angaperekedwe kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.
• Corticosteroids: Ngati zizindikiro zanu zili zazikulu, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala a corticosteroid kwa kanthawi kochepa kuti achepetse kutupa. Mankhwalawa angaperekedwe ngati mapiritsi otengedwa pakamwa kapena ngati jakisoni mumtsempha (IV).
• (Teprotumumab - Tepezza®): Iyi ndi mankhwala oyamba ovomerezeka ku United States mu 2020 kuti athandize (TED). Iyi ndi mankhwala atsopano mu gulu lotchedwa (biologics) omwe amachepetsa kutupa. Mankhwala ena ngati awa akupangidwa tsopano.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Ganizirani chithandizo cha radiation kuti muwononge maselo oteteza thupi omwe ali kumbuyo kwa maso ndikuchepetsa kutupa. Dokotala wanu wa maso angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa khansa ya radiation.

Kumbukirani, ngati mankhwala awa sakugwira ntchito kwa inu, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakupatsani njira zina zochiritsira. Opaleshoni siifunikira kawirikawiri panthawi yomwe matenda a maso a Graves akugwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, opaleshoni imaganiziridwa pambuyo poti vuto lanu lakhazikika. Pokhapokha titha kudziwa motsimikiza kuti ndi kusintha kotani kwa mawonekedwe ndi maso komwe kudzakhala kosatha.

Opaleshoni ya (TED)

Nthawi zina, opaleshoni ingafunike:

• Opaleshoni yochepetsa kupanikizika kwa diso: Opaleshoniyi nthawi zambiri imafunika ngati kutupa kukupangitsa kuti mitsempha ya maso igwire ntchito. Dokotala amachotsa fupa kuti achepetse kupanikizika. Izi zimachitikanso kuti achepetse kutupa kwa diso matendawa atatha.
• Kuchotsa chithokomiro: Chithandizo cha hyperthyroidism yayikulu. Ngati mankhwala alephera kulamulira kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro, chithokomiro chingafunike kuchotsedwa.
• Opaleshoni ya zikope: Ngati zikope zanu zagwa, opaleshoniyi imachitika kuti zibwezeretsedwe ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira. Izi sizimangochepetsa ululu wa maso, komanso zimawongolera mawonekedwe ndikuteteza diso kuti lisawonekere.
• Opaleshoni ya minofu ya maso: Opaleshoni iyi ingakhale yofunikira ngati minofu yomwe imasuntha maso ili ndi zipsera ndipo ikuvutika kusuntha maso, kapena ngati maso ali pa malo olakwika ndipo mukuwona mbali ziwiri zosiyana.
• Opaleshoni ya Oculoplastic: Izi zimaphatikizapo kukonzanso minofu yofewa ndi/kapena mafupa ozungulira maso. Ikhoza kuthetsa mavuto okongoletsa monga maso otuluka ndi matumba pansi pa maso.
• Kusamutsa cornea:Ngati cornea yawonongeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi diso panthawi yomwe matendawa akugwira ntchito, kuyika cornea mu diso kungaganizidwe kuti ndikonze masomphenya.

(TED) Kodi zinthu zili bwanji pankhaniyi?

Kwa anthu ambiri, TED si yoopsa kwambiri, kotero nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwino. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha zokha. Komabe, zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zowopsa kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zopitilira 50. Ngati muli ndi TED yoopsa, mungafunike chithandizo chophatikizana kuti muthane nayo. Anthu ena amatha kusintha maso awo kosatha, zomwe zingafunike opaleshoni.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a maso a chithokomiro, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa gulu lanu lazaumoyo ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira. Muyeneranso kuwauza ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'maso mwanu. Kusintha kwina kungafunike chithandizo chadzidzidzi. Imbani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona chilichonse mwa izi:

• Ngati gawo lanu la masomphenya likuoneka kuti likuchepa, kapena ngati mukutaya masomphenya mbali imodzi.
• Ngati mitundu ikuwoneka yosiyana ndi momwe iyenera kukhalira.
• Ngati mwadzidzidzi mukumva kupweteka kwambiri m'maso.

Matenda a maso a Graves angakhudze kwambiri moyo wanu. Anthu ambiri alibe zizindikiro zoopsa, koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri zikachitika. Kutupa mozungulira maso kungakhudze chitonthozo chanu, masomphenya, ndi mawonekedwe anu. Zimafunika gulu la madokotala kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi zonsezi. Ndikofunikanso kukhala ndi chithandizo pa moyo wanu. Ngati simukupeza chithandizo chomwe mukufuna, funsani gulu lanu lachipatala. Akhoza kukuuzani za zinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni pa thanzi lanu la maganizo.

Zinthu zofunika kuzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule zina mwa zinthu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• Matenda a maso a chithokomiro (TED) ndi matenda omwe amakhudza maso omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mavuto a chithokomiro.
• Dziwani zizindikiro monga kutupa kwa maso, kufiira, kutupa, ndi kuona kawiri.
• Ngati mukusuta, siyani. Uwu ndiye thandizo lalikulu kwambiri lomwe mungachite.
• Ngati zizindikiro zake zili zazikulu kapena ngati mukuwona kusintha kwa masomphenya , funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Kwa anthu ambiri, vutoli si lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira. Choncho musachite mantha, koma ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo choyenera chamankhwala.
• Thanzi lanu la maganizo ndilofunikanso kwambiri panthawiyi. Musazengereze kupempha thandizo pa izi ngati mukufunikira.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

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