Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kutopa kwambiri popanda chifukwa? Kapena mumamva kusakhazikika, ngati kuti mukuchepetsa thupi? Mwina pali kutupa pang'ono kutsogolo kwa khosi lanu, kapena china chake chonga chimenecho, monga kupweteka mukachikhudza? Nthawi zina kumbuyo kwa zinthuzi pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi chithokomiro chanu. Lero, tikambirana za vuto lofala, koma losadziwika bwino lotchedwa 'thyroiditis'.
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone, kodi chithokomiro ichi ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, chithokomiro ndi chiwalo chaching'ono chooneka ngati gulugufe chomwe chili pansi pa khungu kutsogolo kwa khosi lathu. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo la endocrine la thupi lathu. Ntchito zambiri zofunika m'thupi, monga kugunda kwa mtima, kutentha kwa thupi, ndi liwiro lomwe timasinthira chakudya chomwe timadya kukhala mphamvu (kagayidwe kachakudya), zimayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi chithokomiro chaching'onochi.
Tsopano, kodi matenda a Thyroiditis ndi chiyani? Ndi kutupa kapena kutupa kwa chithokomiro. Monga momwe timachitira ndi kuvulala kwinakwake pathupi lathu, malowo amatupa ndi kufiira, chithokomiro chikawonongeka pazifukwa zina, chimatupanso. Kutupa kumeneku kungasokoneze kugwira ntchito kwa chithokomiro. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, chimayamba kupanga mahomoni ambiri, kapena chingapange ochepa kwambiri.
Magawo atatu akuluakulu a thyroiditis ndi awa:
Nthawi zambiri matenda a thyroiditis, thupi lanu limatha kudutsa magawo atatu akuluakulu. Zili ngati kugwira ntchito ku fakitale.
1. Gawo la poizoni wa chithokomiro: Izi zili ngati fakitale yomwe yataya mphamvu zake ndipo mwadzidzidzi yatulutsa zinthu zambiri pamsika. Chithokomiro chikatupa, mahomoni omwe amasungidwa mkati mwake amatulutsidwa mwadzidzidzi m'magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro kukwere kwambiri kwa milungu ingapo kapena mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri.
2. Gawo la Hypothyroidism: Tsopano popeza fakitale yatulutsa zinthu zonse nthawi imodzi, alibenso zinthu zopangira kuti apangidwenso. Komanso, mahomoni onse atatulutsidwa kuchokera ku gland kupita m'magazi, pamakhala vuto lomwe mahomoni atsopano sangapangidwe. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro m'thupi lanu kumachepa kwambiri. Mu mitundu ina ya Chithokomiro, mwachitsanzo, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni otsika kumeneku kumatha kukhala kosatha.
3. Gawo la Euthyroid: Iyi ndi gawo lochira. Monga momwe fakitale imayambanso kugwira ntchito ndikupanga zinthu mwachizolowezi, chithokomiro chimachira ndikuyambanso kupanga mahomoni mwachizolowezi. Anthu ena angalowe mu gawoli nthawi yomweyo atatha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, kapena angalowe mu gawoli atatha kuchepa kwa mahomoni.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya thyroiditis ndi iti?
Matenda a chithokomiro si matenda amodzi okha. Ndi gulu la matenda omwe angayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu.
| Mtundu wa thyroiditis | Mwachidule, izi ndi zomwe zimachitika. |
|---|---|
| Matenda a chithokomiro a Hashimoto | Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira chithokomiro chake. Uwu ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi. Pakapita nthawi, chithokomirocho chimatha kuwonongeka ndipo kupanga mahomoni kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwamuyaya (Hypothyroidism). |
| Chithokomiro chosapweteka kapena chopanda ululu | Ichinso ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, palibe kupweteka kwa khosi, koma mutha kuwona magawo a kuchuluka ndi kuchepa kwa mahomoni. |
| Matenda a chithokomiro pambuyo pa kubereka | Imeneyi ndi vuto lomwe limatha kuchitika mwa amayi mkati mwa chaka choyamba cha kubadwa kwa mwana. Choyambitsa chake ndi autoimmune. Nthawi zambiri, limakhala la kanthawi kochepa. |
| Chithokomiro choyambitsidwa ndi radiation | Zingayambitsidwe ndi chithandizo cha radiation cha khansa kapena chithandizo cha radiation ayodini kuti muwonjezere mahomoni a chithokomiro. |
| Subacute thyroiditis | Amakhulupirira kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kachilombo ka HIV. Zitha kuchitika pakhosi kapena chimfine chitatha. Pakhoza kukhala ululu waukulu pakhosi. |
| Matenda opatsirana a thyroiditis | Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Zimachitika pamene kachilombo, monga mabakiteriya, kalowa mu chithokomiro ndikuchiyambitsa. Apanso, ululu waukulu ndi malungo zimatha kuchitika. |
| Matenda a thyroiditis oyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala | Zitha kuchitika ngati zotsatirapo zina za mankhwala ena (monga Amiodarone, Lithium, Interferons). Komabe, si aliyense amene amamwa mankhwalawa amene angadwale matendawa. |
Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zimadalira mtundu wa thyroiditis yomwe muli nayo komanso siteji (ya mahomoni okwera kapena otsika) yomwe muli nayo. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zomwe zingachitike m'magawo awiriwa.
| Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa mahomoni (thyrotoxicosis) | Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa mahomoni (Hypothyroidism) |
|---|---|
| Kumva ngati mtima wako ukugunda mofulumira | Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse (Kutopa) |
| Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa | Kulemera popanda chifukwa |
| Kumva njala nthawi zonse | Kudzimbidwa |
| Kusakhazikika, kukwiya | Kuvutika maganizo kapena kumva chisoni |
| Kusowa tulo | Khungu louma |
| Thukuta kwambiri, kumva kutentha | Kusalekerera chimfine |
| Kugwedezeka | Kufooka kwa minofu |
| - | Kuvuta kuyang'ana kwambiri |
Chofunika kwambiri: Nthawi zina, hyperthyroidism yosachiritsidwa ingayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa 'thyroid storm'. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi kwambiri (kupitirira madigiri 104 F), kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira kwambiri (kupitirira madigiri 140 pa mphindi), kapena kusokonezeka, pitani ku chipinda chadzidzidzi (ETU) kuchipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala.
Kodi mwapeza bwanji izi, Dokotala?
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kaye za zizindikiro zanu ndikufufuza khosi lanu. Kenako, ngati mukukayikira kuti thyroiditis ndi yotupa, adzalamula kuti muyesedwe kangapo, monga:
- Mayeso a ntchito ya chithokomiro: Uku ndi kuyezetsa magazi. Kumayesa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a TSH, T3, ndi T4 m'magazi mwanu. Izi zingakuuzeni ngati muli ndi mahomoni ambiri kapena otsika.
- Kujambula kwa thyroid ultrasound: Izi zingathandize kuona mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa chithokomiro, ngati pali zotupa zilizonse, komanso momwe magazi amayendera.
- Mayeso a antibody a chithokomiro: Kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kumathandiza kudziwa ngati chithokomiro chanu cha thyroiditis chimayambitsidwa ndi vuto la autoimmune.
- Mayeso a ESR ndi CRP: Awa ndi mayeso a magazi. Ndi ofunikira kudziwa ngati pali kutupa m'thupi. Izi zimakhala zambiri makamaka mu subacute ndi acute thyroiditis.
- Kutengedwa kwa ayodini wokhudzana ndi radioactive (RAIU test):Izi zimaphatikizapo kukupatsani ayodini wochepa wothira ma radioactive kuti mumwe kenako n’kuyeza kuchuluka kwa ayodini yomwe chithokomiro chanu chamwa patatha maola angapo. Kuyamwa kumeneku kumakhala kochepa kwambiri panthawi ya thyroiditis yomwe mahomoni ake amagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wa thyroiditis yomwe muli nayo komanso zizindikiro zanu.
Chithandizo cha kusalinganika kwa mahomoni
Popeza gawoli nthawi zambiri limakhala la kanthawi kochepa, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala, monga beta-blockers, kuti athetse zizindikiro monga kugunda kwa mtima ndi kunjenjemera. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amasiya zizindikirozo zikatha.
Chithandizo cha kusowa kwa mahomoni
Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe limayambitsa kusowa kwa mahomoni kosatha, monga Hashimoto's thyroiditis, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mapiritsi a mahomoni a chithokomiro (monga levothyroxine). Izi zingafunike kumwedwa moyo wanu wonse.
Mu mitundu ina, ngati kusowa kwa mahomoni ndi kwakanthawi, mapiritsi a mahomoni awa amaperekedwa kwa miyezi pafupifupi 6 mpaka 12, kenako amasiya ndipo gland imawoneka kuti ikugwiranso ntchito.
Mankhwala ena enieni
- Pa ululu: Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu (NSAIDs) amaperekedwa pa matenda opweteka monga subacute thyroiditis. Ngati ululu uli woopsa, chithandizo cha steroid chingafunike.
- Pa matenda opatsirana: Mankhwala opha tizilombo amaperekedwa pa matenda opatsirana monga thyroiditis yoopsa. Ngati chilonda chatuluka, chingafunike kuchotsedwa madzi ndi singano.
- Opaleshoni: Nthawi zina, monga Riedel thyroiditis, opaleshoni ingafunike.
Kodi izi sizingapewedwe?
Mwatsoka, palibe njira yopewera mitundu yambiri ya matenda a thyroiditis, chifukwa ambiri mwa iwo amayamba chifukwa cha chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Komabe, ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha radiation cha matenda kapena mukumwa mankhwala omwe angayambitse thyroiditis, mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndikuzindikira zoopsa zake.
Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a thyroiditis, musachite mantha. Uwu ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino, kulamulidwa, komanso kuchiritsidwa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola komanso kubwerera kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a chithokomiro ndi kutupa kwa chithokomiro. Si khansa.
- Pankhaniyi, mahomoni amatha kuyamba kuwonjezeka (hyperthyroidism), kenako kuchepa (hypothyroidism).
- Samalani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kusintha kwa thupi kosadziŵika bwino, kutopa kwambiri, kusakhazikika, kupweteka pakhosi, kapena kutupa.
- Vutoli lingathe kudziwika mosavuta kudzera mu mayeso osavuta a magazi ndi ma scan.
- Pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa mitundu yambiri ya matenda a thyroiditis. Ena ndi akanthawi kochepa, pomwe ena angafunike chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena kukayikira kulikonse pankhaniyi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu momasuka za izi.
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