Kodi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo otchedwa tricyclic antidepressants ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tiphunzire bwino za mankhwala awa!

Kodi dokotala adakupatsani mankhwala akale a kuvutika maganizo kapena matenda ena? Ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwa mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo otchedwa tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke ngati loopsa pang'ono, awa akadali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ambiri. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za mankhwala a TCA awa m'njira yosavuta kumva.

Mwachidule, kodi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo otchedwa tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) amenewa ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo otchedwa Tricyclic antidepressants, kapena TCAs mwachidule, ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuwongolera zizindikiro za matenda amisala otchedwa major depression disorder . Komabe, madokotala masiku ano amapereka mankhwala awa pa matenda ena osati kuvutika maganizo kokha.

Mankhwala a TCA awa anali amodzi mwa mankhwala oyamba omwe adapezeka kuti athetse kuvutika maganizo. Ndicho chifukwa chake timawatcha kuti "mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa a m'badwo woyamba" . Koma tsopano popeza mankhwala atsopano komanso otetezeka (monga SSRIs) apezeka kuti athetse kuvutika maganizo, madokotala sakuloledwa kupereka mankhwala a TCA awa ngati mankhwala oyamba a kuvutika maganizo.

Mankhwalawa amatchedwa "tricyclics" chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala. Ali ndi mphete zitatu. Ndicho chimene dzinalo limatanthauza, palibe choganizira.

Ndi mitundu iti ya mankhwala yomwe ili m'gulu la TCA?

Izi ndi zina mwa mankhwala akuluakulu a TCA omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Sri Lanka ndi padziko lonse lapansi, pamodzi ndi mayina awo. Onani ngati mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani ndi amodzi mwa awa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala a TCA Clomipramine (Anafranil®) amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda otchedwa obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) .

Kodi mankhwala a TCA amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda otani?

Mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa makamaka kuti athetse kuvutika maganizo. Koma monga ndanenera kale, madokotala masiku ano sapereka kaye mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa. Pokhapokha ngati mankhwala ena atsopano (monga SSRIs) sagwira ntchito, mwina TCA ingayambitsidwe. Chifukwa nthawi zina mankhwala akalewa amagwira ntchito bwino kuposa mankhwala atsopano kwa anthu ena.

Komabe, ma TCA tsopano ndi otchuka kwambiri pochiza matenda ena kupatula omwe amavomerezedwa. Timatcha kugwiritsa ntchito kumeneku "kopanda chizindikiro" . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa sanavomerezedwe ndi Food and Drug Administration pa vuto limenelo, kafukufuku wazachipatala wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza pa vuto limenelo.

Nazi njira zina zomwe ma TCA amagwiritsa ntchito "osagwiritsidwa ntchito":

• Kupewa mutu waching'alang'ala: Kwa iwo omwe amadwala mutu waching'alang'ala pafupipafupi, mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa kufalikira kwawo.
• Kusowa tulo: Mankhwala ena a TCA, akaperekedwa pang'ono, angakuthandizeni kugona bwino.
• Matenda a nkhawa: Izi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito poletsa matenda osiyanasiyana a nkhawa.
• Ululu wosatha: Iyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zomwe TCAs imagwiritsidwira ntchito masiku ano. Ndi yothandiza kwambiri pa ululu wa mitsempha . Mwachitsanzo:
• Matenda a mitsempha okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga
• Postherpetic neuralgia (ululu womwe umachitika pambuyo pa nkhuku)
• Matenda a Fibromyalgia
• Kunyowetsa pabedi: Mankhwalawa nthawi zina amaperekedwa mu mlingo wochepa kuti achepetse kukodza usiku kwa ana.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mankhwala atsopano (SSRIs) ndi mankhwala akale awa (TCAs)?

Zonsezi ndi mitundu ya mankhwala omwe amachiza kuvutika maganizo. Koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu. Mutha kumvetsetsa izi mosavuta poyang'ana tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Kodi mankhwala a TCA awa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Maselo amitsempha muubongo wathu amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa ma neurotransmitters kuti atumizirane mauthenga. Monga postmen. Ma neurotransmitters awiriwa ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakulamulira maganizo athu. Ndi norepinephrine ndi serotonin .

Mu matenda monga kuvutika maganizo, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala amenewa mu ubongo kumachepa. Mankhwala a TCA amagwira ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa norepinephrine ndi serotonin mu ubongo. Izi zimathandiza kuti mitsempha ilumikizane bwino, komanso kuti maganizo aziyenda bwino.

Ofufuza apezanso momwe mankhwalawa amachepetsa ululu. Amati mankhwalawa amaletsa zizindikiro za ululu kuti zisadutse kudzera mu msana wathu kupita ku ubongo, zomwe zimachepetsa ululu womwe timamva.

Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwalawo bwanji ndipo zotsatira zake ndi ziti?

Ma TCA nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati mapiritsi kapena makapisozi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mlingo womwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.

Zotsatira zoyipa zofala

Monga mankhwala ena onse, mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatirapo zake. Koma si aliyense amene amalandira mankhwalawa. Anthu ena akhoza kutenga mankhwala amodzi kapena awiri, pomwe ena sangalandire mankhwala aliwonse.

Ngati mukuvutika ndi zotsatirazi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu popanda kusiya kumwa mankhwala. Zingathe kuthetsedwa mwa kusintha mlingo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina.

Ndani ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mankhwala a TCA?

Madokotala amasamala kwambiri akamapereka mankhwala awa kwa anthu ena. Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawo.

• Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima: Mankhwala a TCA amatha kuipitsa matenda ena a mtima, choncho dokotala wanu angakupatseni electrocardiogram (EKG) kuti aone momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawo.
• Ngati muli ndi khunyu: Mankhwalawa angakuwonjezereni pang'ono chiopsezo chanu cha khunyu.
• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati: Mankhwala a TCA si otetezeka kwambiri panthawi ya mimba. Kafukufuku wina wapeza kuti amatha kukhudza mwana wosabadwayo. Choncho onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Chenjezo lofunika kwambiri

Nthawi zina, ana osakwana zaka 25, ana aang'ono, ndi achinyamata angayambe kuganiza zodzipha kapena kuchita zinthu zina akayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, makamaka m'masabata oyamba.

Kodi n'zotheka kumwa mankhwala a TCA mopitirira muyeso?

Inde, mungathe. Ndipotu, pakati pa mitundu ya mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo omwe amaperekedwa, ma TCA ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso. Ndicho chifukwa chake simuyenera kumwa mopitirira muyeso womwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani.

Kumwa mankhwala mopitirira muyeso kungachitike mwangozi, mosadziwa, kapena mwadala. Choncho nthawi zonse sungani mankhwala anu mosamala pamalo omwe ana ndi ziweto sangafikire.

Zizindikiro za kumwa mopitirira muyeso

• Kusasinthasintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima (kusintha kwa kayimbidwe ka mtima)
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika kwambiri
• Kugona tulo toopsa
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu
• Kugwedezeka
• Chisokonezo
• Chikomokere

Kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a TCA ndi vuto ladzidzidzi . Kungakhale koopsa ngati sikuthandizidwa mwachangu. Ngati mukukayikira kuti izi zachitika kwa inu kapena munthu wina, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi ya chipatala chapafupi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti mupeze upangiri.

Nthawi yoti mulankhule ndi dokotala

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a TCA, ndikofunikira kuti mulankhule ndi dokotala nthawi zonse. Onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa izi:

• Ngati zotsatirapo zake zikukuvutitsani kwambiri: Ngati mukumva ngati "izi ndi zovuta kwambiri," uzani dokotala wanu.
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha kapena kuipiraipira: Ngati palibe kusintha patatha milungu pafupifupi 4 kapena ngati zizindikiro zikuoneka kuti zikuipiraipira, uzani dokotala wanu.
• Ngati mukuganiza zosiya kumwa mankhwalawa: Musasiye kumwa mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse zizindikiro zosiya kumwa. Ngati mwasiya, chitani zimenezo monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa mlingo.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa ndi akale, ndi othandiza kwambiri ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera . Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi mafunso, mantha, kapena kukayikira za mankhwalawa, funsani dokotala wanu za mankhwalawa. Ali wokonzeka kukuthandizani.