Kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati mtima wanu wayamba kugunda mofulumira kwambiri popanda chifukwa? Ndikumva kusasangalala kwambiri, komwe kumayenderana ndi kumva kulemera, kupsinjika pachifuwa panu, komanso chizungulire. Nthawi zina izi zimakhala zachilendo. Komabe, nthawi zina zimatha kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu la mtima lomwe nthawi zina limawopseza moyo lotchedwa Ventricular Tachycardia (VT kapena V-tach) . Lero, tikambirana izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) ndi chiyani?
Chabwino, tiyeni choyamba tiwone chomwe ichi chili. Mtima wathu uli ndi zipinda zazikulu zinayi. Zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba ndi ziwiri zapansi. Kawirikawiri, mtima wathanzi umayamba kugunda ndi chizindikiro chamagetsi chochokera ku zipinda zapamwamba.
Koma mu mkhalidwe uwu wotchedwa Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), kugunda kwa mtima kumayambira m'zipinda ziwiri zapansi pa mtima, zotchedwa ventricles . Vuto apa ndilakuti kugunda kwa mtima komwe kumayamba motere kumakhala kofulumira kwambiri . Mtima nthawi zambiri umayamba kugunda pa liwiro la kugunda kopitilira 100 pamphindi.
Taganizirani izi ngati pompu yamadzi. Imapompa magazi m'thupi lonse. Mtima ukagunda bwino, uli ngati basi yomwe imayenda pa nthawi yake. Imapatsa anthu nthawi yokwanira yokwera ndi kutsika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zipinda za mtima zimakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yodzaza ndi magazi ndikupompa magazi onsewo kupita ku thupi.
Koma mu VT, zili ngati basi iyi ikuthamanga popanda kuyima pamalo oimikapo magalimoto. Mtima umagunda mofulumira kwambiri kotero kuti zipinda sizipeza nthawi yodzaza ndi magazi moyenera. Choncho thupi silingathe kupopa magazi ndi mpweya womwe limafunikira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika mwadzidzidzi. Ichi ndi chiopsezo cha vutoli.
Vuto la VT lomwe limatenga masekondi angapo silingayambitse mavuto ambiri. Koma ngati vutoli litenga masekondi opitilira 30 , ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Limafunika chithandizo chadzidzidzi. Chifukwa izi zitha kukhala vuto lina loopsa lotchedwa `Ventricular Fibrillation`, ndipo ngakhale imfa ingachitike chifukwa cha kuima kwadzidzidzi kwa mtima.
Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?
Pamene mtima sungathe kupopera magazi okwanira m'thupi, ziwalo ndi maselo athu salandira mpweya womwe amafunikira. Pamenepo ndi pomwe zizindikirozi zimayamba kuonekera.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kupweteka pachifuwa | Kumva kupsinjika kapena kupanikizika pachifuwa chifukwa cha minofu ya mtima yosalandira mpweya wokwanira. |
| Kupuma movutikira | Kumva kutopa komanso kutopa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya m'thupi. |
| Kugunda kwa mtima | Kumva ngati mtima ukugunda mokweza, mofulumira, kapena mwanjira yachilendo. Anthu ena amamva izi m'khosi mwawo. |
| Chizungulire / Mutu wopepuka | Kumva chizungulire komanso kukhala ndi maso abuluu chifukwa cha magazi ndi mpweya wochepa ku ubongo. |
| Kukomoka / Kukomoka | Chizindikiro chachikulu chomwe chimachitika pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi kwatsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino muubongo. |
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa ventricle tachycardia (VT)?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa VT. Nthawi zina, palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chingapezeke. Komabe, chomwe chimayambitsa kwambiri ndi matenda otchedwa ischemic heart disease . Izi zikutanthauza kuti mitsempha ya mtima yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima imatsekedwa ndi mafuta omwe amapezeka (atherosclerosis), zomwe zimalepheretsa minofu ya mtima kulandira magazi ndi mpweya womwe imafuna.
| Chifukwa | Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi izi? |
|---|---|
| Matenda amtima | Kuvulala kwa minofu ya mtima chifukwa cha matenda a mtima omwe adachitikapo kale kungasokoneze dongosolo lamagetsi la mtima. |
| Matenda a mtima | Kugwira ntchito kwa mtima kumatha kusokonekera chifukwa cha kufooka, kukhuthala, kapena kukula kwa minofu ya mtima. |
| Matenda a mtima | Vutoli limatha kuchitika pamene ma valve a mtima sakugwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika. |
| Kusalinganika kwa ma electrolyte | Kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa ma electrolyte monga potaziyamu ndi magnesium m'thupi kumakhudza ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima. |
| Mankhwala ena | Mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kugunda kwa mtima (antiarrhythmics) nthawi zina angayambitse VT ngati zotsatira zoyipa. |
| Zolimbikitsa | Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga cocaine kapena methamphetamine kungawononge mtima. |
| Matenda ena a majini | Matenda a VT amathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda enaake obadwa nawo, monga matenda a QT a nthawi yayitali. |
Kodi chiopsezochi chingachepe?
Inde, nthawi zambiri, kuwongolera matenda a mtima omwe amayambitsa VT kungachepetse chiopsezochi. Mwachidule, kusunga mtima wanu wathanzi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe mungachite pa izi:
- Zakudya zabwino: Khalani ndi zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa komanso mchere wochepa, komanso zokhala ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, zipatso, ndi masamba obiriwira.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse:Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo tsatirani ndondomeko yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi yomwe ikuyenererani.
- Kusunga kulemera kwabwino: Yesetsani kusunga kulemera kwabwino malinga ndi kutalika kwanu.
- Pewani kusuta: Ngati mukusuta, siyani kusuta konse. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri pa mtima.
- Kumwa mankhwala moyenera: Ngati muli ndi matenda monga kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena cholesterol yokwera, imwani mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani panthawi yake.
Kodi madokotala amapeza bwanji izi?
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zizindikiro za VT, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kaye za zizindikiro zanu, ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima, komanso mbiri yanu ya matenda. Kenako adzakuyezani thupi lanu ndikuyang'ana kugunda kwa mtima kwanu.
Chiyeso chachikulu chodziwira matendawa ndi ECG (Electrocardiogram) .
Izi zimachitika polemba momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito. Poyang'ana mzere wa ECG uwu, dokotala wanu amatha kuzindikira mosavuta zolakwika zilizonse mu kayendedwe ka mtima wanu, makamaka machitidwe okhudzana ndi VT.
Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ena angapangidwe kuti adziwe chomwe chimayambitsa ndikumvetsetsa kuopsa kwa vutoli.
- Chowunikira Zochitika za Mtima: Ichi ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe mungapite nacho kunyumba ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito. Chimatha kujambula kugunda kwa mtima wanu mukakhala ndi zizindikiro.
- Kuyesa Kupsinjika Maganizo: ECG imatengedwa mukamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi (mukuthamanga pa treadmill) kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito mukapanikizika.
- Echocardiogram: Iyi ndi njira yojambulira mtima. Imathandiza kumvetsetsa bwino kukula, mawonekedwe, ntchito ya minofu, ndi momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito.
- Kafukufuku wa Electrophysiology (EPS): Iyi ndi njira yovuta pang'ono. Ma waya opyapyala (catheters) amalowetsedwa mumtima ndipo dongosolo lamagetsi la mtima limaphunziridwa lonse.
- Coronary Angiogram: Kuyesa koyesa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Chithandizo chimadalira zizindikiro zanu, nthawi yomwe VT yanu yakhalapo, komanso matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa.
Chithandizo chadzidzidzi
Ngati VT imatenga masekondi opitilira 30 kapena mukumva zizindikiro zoopsa (kupweteka pachifuwa, kutaya chidziwitso), ndi vuto lachipatala.
- Kusinthasintha kwa mtima: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mphamvu yamagetsi kuti aletse kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika ndikuyesera kubwezeretsa kugunda kwa mtima kukhala kwabwinobwino.
- CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation): Njira yoyesera kuyambitsanso mtima wa wodwala ngati wasiya kugwira ntchito.
- Mankhwala operekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha:Mankhwala monga Amiodarone kapena Procainamide amaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) kuti ayesere kuwongolera kugunda kwa mtima.
Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma kwambiri, kapena kukomoka, imbani 1990 nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). Musazengereze.
Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali
Pambuyo poti vuto ladzidzidzi lathetsedwa, chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali chikufunika kuti vutoli lisabwererenso.
- Mankhwala: Mankhwala monga beta-blockers amatha kuchepetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndikuletsa VT. Mankhwala ena angathandize kuti mtima ugwire bwino ntchito. Mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
- Chipangizo cha ICD (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator): Ichi chili ngati chosungira moyo wa mtima. Ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu la chifuwa. Chimayang'anira nthawi zonse kayendedwe ka mtima. Ngati kayendedwe koopsa monga VT kachitika, chipangizochi chimadzibweretsera mphamvu yamagetsi kuti mtima ubwerere mwakale.
- Kuchotsa Mtima: Iyi ndi njira ina yapadera yochiritsira. Kafukufuku wa electrophysiology (EPS) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira malo enieni a VT mumtima. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito catheter yapadera, maselo ena omwe ali pamalopo amawonongeka ndi kutentha kapena kuzizira kwambiri. Izi zili ngati kukonza waya wamagetsi wolakwika. Kwa anthu ena, chithandizochi chingathe kuchiritsa VT kwathunthu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) ndi kugunda kwa mtima kofulumira kwambiri komanso koopsa komwe kumayambira m'zipinda zapansi pa mtima.
- Kupweteka pachifuwa, chizungulire, kupuma movutikira, komanso kutaya chidziwitso ndi zizindikiro zazikulu. Izi siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
- Kawirikawiri chifukwa chachikulu chimakhala matenda a mtima omwe adakumana nawo kale kapena matenda ena a mtima.
- Pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri monga mankhwala, zipangizo za ICD, ndi kuletsa mtima.
- Ngati muli ndi vutoli, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kuzipatala nthawi yake ndikumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe mwalangizidwira.
- Mwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, mutha kuteteza mtima wanu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ngati awa.
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