Kodi mudamvapo za magazi oundana omwe amayenda m'mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa matupi athu? Ndipotu, magazi oundana ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti magazi asiye kutuluka pamene matupi athu avulala. Koma nthawi zina, popanda chifukwa, ngati magazi oundana apanga mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi, zingakhale zoopsa pang'ono. Chifukwa magazi oundana amenewa amatha kulepheretsa kuyenda kwa magazi ndikuyambitsa mavuto akulu. Pazochitika zotere, opaleshoni yapadera yochotsa magazi oundana imatchedwa Embolectomy. Lero, tikambirana izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.
Mwachidule, kodi Embolectomy ndi chiyani?
Embolectomy ndi opaleshoni yochotsa magazi omwe amaundana mu mtsempha wamagazi (mtsempha wamagazi). Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa thrombectomy. Pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa mayina awiriwa. Tiyeni timvetse zimenezo.
Tangoganizani magazi ataundana m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi yomwe ili m'mwendo mwanu. Ngati magazi ataundanawa akukhalabe m'malo mwake, timawatcha kuti thrombus . Tsopano tangoganizani kachidutswa kakang'ono ka magazi aka kaduka, kamayenda limodzi ndi magazi, n'kupita ku mapapo anu n'kukakamira m'mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi kumeneko. Mofananamo, magazi ataundana omwe amapangika pamalo amodzi, amapita kumalo ena n'kukakamira amatchedwa embolus .
Kotero, mwachidule, Thrombectomy ndi kuchotsa magazi oundana (`thrombus`) pamalo pomwe adapangidwira. Embolectomy ndi kuchotsa magazi oundana (`embolus`) omwe ayenda ndikukhala kwina. Komabe, masiku ano, mawu awiriwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana.
Opaleshoni iyi imachitika ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni kapena dokotala wophunzitsidwa njira zosavulaza kwambiri. Kutengera ndi komwe magazi amaundana, iyi ikhoza kukhala opaleshoni yadzidzidzi kwambiri . Ngati magazi amaundana atseka magazi kupita ku chiwalo chofunikira m'thupi, ikhoza kukhala yoopsa.
Ndani akufunikira opaleshoni iyi ndipo pazochitika ziti?
Matenda a Deep Vein Thrombosis ndi matenda omwe magazi amaundana m'mitsempha yakuya m'mwendo. Ngati magazi amaundanawa atuluka n'kupita m'mapapo, angayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa Pulmonary Embolism . Ngati vutoli silingathe kuthetsedwa ndi mankhwala, dokotala angasankhe kuchita Embolectomy.
Kawirikawiri, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha magazi kuundana kuposa ena. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo.
- Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima
- Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri
- Pa nthawi ya mimba
- Mu milandu ya khansa
- Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake a majini omwe amakhudza magazi kuundana
N’chifukwa chiyani dokotala angalimbikitse opaleshoni imeneyi?
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi magazi oundana amayamba kupatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, koma opaleshoni ingafunike pazochitika izi:
- Ngati simungathe kupatsidwa mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana kapena thrombolytics pazifukwa zilizonse.
- Ngati, ngakhale atapatsidwa mankhwala amenewo, magazi oundana sasungunuka ndipo vutoli likuipiraipira.
- Pali chiopsezo cha matenda otchedwa paradoxical embolism , omwe ndi kuthekera kwa magazi kuundana kudutsa m'kabowo kakang'ono mumtima ndikupita ku chiwalo chofunikira monga ubongo.
Kawirikawiri, chisankho chonga ichi chimapangidwa ndi gulu la madokotala omwe amabwera pamodzi ndikuwunika mosamala mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo.
Tiyeni tiphunzire pang'onopang'ono momwe opaleshoniyi imachitikira.
Opaleshoni iyi ingathe kuchitika m'njira ziwiri zazikulu. Dokotala adzasankha njira yabwino kwambiri kutengera kukula ndi malo a magazi oundana.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani opaleshoni isanachitike?
Pamene akukukonzekeretsani opaleshoni, gulu lachipatala lidzakonzekera mayeso ndi zida zofunikira.
- Ngati opaleshoni yotseguka (Surgical Embolectomy) yachitika, kukonzekera kudzachitika kuti pakhale scan yotchedwa transesophageal echocardiogram kuti ione momwe mtima ukugwira ntchito panthawi ya opaleshoniyo.
- Kuchotsa magazi m'thupi pogwiritsa ntchito makina otchedwa ultrasound kuti adziwe komwe magazi akuchokera komanso njira ya X-ray yotchedwa angiogram kuti itsogolere catheter.
Kaya opaleshoni ichitike bwanji, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti musamve kupweteka kulikonse.
Chimachitika ndi chiyani pa opaleshoni
Gome ili m'munsimu litithandiza kumvetsetsa bwino kusiyana pakati pa njira ziwirizi ndi momwe zimachitikira.
| Njira | Momwe zimachitikira |
|---|---|
| Kuchotsa Catheter | Palibe vuto lalikulu pa izi.
|
| Opaleshoni Yotseguka (Kuchotsa Mafupa Opaleshoni) | Mu izi, chifuwa chimatsegulidwa ndipo opaleshoni imachitika.
|
Odwala ena alinso ndi chipangizo chaching'ono chotchedwa vena cava filter chomwe chimayikidwa kuti magazi aziundana m'tsogolo kuti asapite m'mapapo.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Opaleshoni ikatha, ngati mwachita opaleshoni yotseguka, mabala omwe adadulidwa mkati ndi kunja adzasokedwa, ndipo mudzachotsedwa mu makina ogwiritsira ntchito mtima ndi mapapo. Ngati mwachita opaleshoni ya catheter, mabalawo ang'onoang'ono adzamangiriridwa ndi kumangidwa ndi bandeji.
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mwina mudzachita izi:
- Muyenera kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana kuti muchepetse magazi.
- Muyenera kuyesedwanso kachiwiri (Transthoracic echocardiogram) kuti muwone momwe mtima ukugwira ntchito.
- Mungafunike kukhala m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) kwa masiku angapo.
Tiyeni tikambiranenso za zabwino ndi zoyipa (zoopsa)
Monga chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, ichi chili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake.
Opaleshoni iyi si ya aliyense, koma ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi, omwe sayankha, komanso omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri, kuti achire mwachangu.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kuti tidziwe zoopsa zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi.
| Zoopsa za Opaleshoni ya Embolectomy | |
|---|---|
| Zoopsa za Njira ya Catheter (Zosavulaza Kwambiri) | |
| Kutuluka magazi | Kutuluka magazi kungachitike chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi. |
| Kuwonongeka kwa mtima | Kuvulala kwa mtima kapena kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha (arrhythmia) kungachitike. |
| Magazi oundana otsala | Sizingatheke kuchotsa magazi onse oundana. |
| Zoopsa za opaleshoni yotseguka | |
| Kutuluka magazi ambiri | Kutuluka magazi ambiri panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena pambuyo pake. |
| Matenda a mtima | Kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira (supraventricular tachycardia - SVT) ndi kulephera kwa mtima kungachitike. |
| Zoopsa zina | Kulephera kwa impso, matenda, ndipo nthawi zina imfa sizingachitike. |
Kuchira ndi nthawi yoti mukaonanenso ndi dokotala
Mudzafunika kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo mutachita opaleshoni. Mudzaloledwa kupita kunyumba kupuma kwanu ndi mtima wanu zikabwerera mwakale. Kuchira nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofulumira mukamaliza opaleshoni ya catheter kuposa mukachita opaleshoni yotseguka.
Kale, anthu ambiri omwe adachita opaleshoniyi adamwalira. Komabe, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, zinthu zasintha kwambiri . Masiku ano, chiopsezo cha imfa chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi chatsika kufika pakati pa 5% ndi 16%. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti 73% ya anthu omwe adachita opaleshoniyi akadali ndi moyo ndipo ali ndi moyo wabwino patatha zaka zisanu.
Samalani zizindikiro izi!
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi mutabwerera kunyumba, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo .
- Kuvuta kupuma
- Zizindikiro za matenda mu chotupacho (kutupa, kufiira, kutuluka kwa mafinya)
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
- Kugunda kwa mtima
- Kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka
Amaoneka ofanana, koma ndi osiyana! (Machiritso ena)
Pali mawu ena angapo omwe amamveka ngati embolectomy. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana pakati pawo.
Kuchotsa Embolectomy ndi Kuchotsa Endarterectomy
Kuchotsa magazi m'thupi (Embolectomy) ndi kuchotsa magazi omwe amaundana. Kuchotsa magazi m'thupi ( Endarterectomy ) ndi opaleshoni yochotsa mafuta omwe amasonkhana mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimachitika kuti magazi asamatsekeke.
Embolectomy ndi chithandizo cha thrombolytic
Embolectomy ndi njira yochizira matenda yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchotsa magazi oundana mwa opaleshoni. Chithandizo cha thrombolytic chimaphatikizapo kubaya mankhwala mumtsempha kuti asungunule magazi oundana mkati mwa thupi. Mankhwalawa nthawi zina angayambitse kutuluka magazi m'malo ena, monga muubongo.
Monga mukuonera, pali njira zambiri zosiyanasiyana zochizira magazi kuundana. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu komanso chotetezeka kwa inu. Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukonzekera kuchitidwa opaleshoni yamtunduwu, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo okhudza opaleshoniyi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Embolectomy ndi opaleshoni yochotsa magazi owopsa omwe amamatira mu mtsempha wamagazi.
- Izi zimachitika m'njira ziwiri zazikulu: kudzera mu catheter (chubu chopyapyala) komanso kudzera mu opaleshoni yotsegula pachifuwa.
- Opaleshoni iyi ikhoza kupulumutsa moyo wa odwala omwe sayankha kapena omwe sangathe kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.
- Monga opaleshoni yonse, opaleshoni iyi ili ndi zoopsa, koma chifukwa cha ukadaulo wamakono wazachipatala, chiwopsezo cha kupambana n'chokwera kwambiri.
- Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kupuma movutikira kapena kupweteka pachifuwa mutachita opaleshoni, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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