Kodi Tularemia ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda amenewa omwe amafalitsidwa ndi nyama.

Tonsefe timakonda nyama, sichoncho? Anthu ena amasunga agalu ndi amphaka kunyumba. Ena amakonda agologolo ndi mbalame m'minda yawo. Mofananamo, anthu omwe amagwira ntchito zaulimi ndi minda nthawi zonse amakhala pafupi ndi nthaka. Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti nthawi zina tingatenge matenda kuchokera ku nyama izi, nthaka, ndi madzi? Lero tikambirana za matenda osowa koma odetsa nkhawa. Izi zimatchedwa tularemia.

Mwachidule, kodi Tularemia ndi chiyani?

Tularemia ndi matenda a bakiteriya . Amayambitsidwa ndi mtundu wa bakiteriya wotchedwa Francisella tularensis. Si matenda ofala mwa anthu, koma amatha kufalikira ku nyama, makamaka nyama zazing'ono monga akalulu ndi agologolo. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu ena amatchanso "malungo a kalulu."

Bakiteriya iyi ndi yolimba kwambiri. Imatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa milungu ingapo m'nthaka, m'madzi, ndi m'zinyama zakufa. Ndicho chifukwa chake timaipeza m'njira zambiri. Ngakhale kuti ndi matenda opatsirana, nthawi zambiri safalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina.

Kodi matendawa amafalikira bwanji kwa ife?

Pali njira zingapo zomwe matendawa angaperekedwere. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

• Kulumidwa ndi tizilombo: Matendawa amatha kufalikira ndi tizilombo toluma monga nkhupakupa kapena ntchentche za nswala. Njira imeneyi si yofala kwambiri ku Sri Lanka, koma ndi yofunika kuidziwa.
• Pokhudza nyama zomwe zili ndi matendawa: Ngati mukhudza nyama yomwe ili ndi matendawa (monga kalulu, gologolo), makamaka ngati mukhudza khungu la nyama, ubweya, kapena nyama, mabakiteriya amatha kulowa m'thupi ngakhale kudzera pakhungu pang'ono.
• Mwa kudya chakudya kapena madzi oipitsidwa: Pali mwayi waukulu woti mutenge matendawa ngati mutadya nyama yosaphikidwa bwino kuchokera ku nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka kapena kumwa madzi oipitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya.
• Kupuma mabakiteriya: Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Pakulima m'munda, kukumba, kapena kugwira ntchito yomanga, mabakiteriya omwe ali m'nthaka amatha kusakanikirana ndi mpweya ndikuupuma, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda m'mapapo.

Kodi zizindikiro za tularemia ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi momwe mabakiteriya adalowera m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku atatu mpaka asanu kuti zizindikiro ziwonekere. Koma nthawi zina zimatha kutenga milungu iwiri.

Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa mitundu ikuluikulu ya matendawa ndi zizindikiro zake.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Ngakhale kuti tularemia ndi matenda osowa, anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu woti adwale matendawa.

• Alimi, madokotala a ziweto, ogwira ntchito m'minda ndi alenje:Chifukwa nthawi zonse amakhala pafupi ndi nyama ndi dothi.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka: Matupi a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, khansa, kapena omwe akumwa mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi amavutika kulimbana ndi mabakiteriyawa.
• Anthu amene amadya nyama yosaphikidwa bwino: Chiopsezo chimakhala chachikulu ngati adya nyama yochokera ku nyama zosakidwa, makamaka ngati siiphikidwa bwino.
• Anthu okhala m'madera akumidzi ndi m'nkhalango: Chifukwa madera amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nyama ndi tizilombo tonyamula matenda.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji ndipo amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Matendawa akhoza kukhala ovuta kuwazindikira chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi za matenda ena ofala. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga malungo, kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes, makamaka ngati mwangolumidwa kumene ndi tizilombo, kukanda ndi nyama, kapena kukhudzidwa ndi nyama zakuthengo, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala wanu ndikumuuza za matendawa.

Dokotala wanu angachite mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa, kuphatikizapo:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani ngati pali ma antibodies olimbana ndi mabakiteriya m'thupi.
• Kufufuza za matenda: Kutenga chidutswa cha minofu kuchokera ku chilonda cha pakhungu kapena kutupa kuti chikafufuzidwe.
• Kuyesa chitsanzo cha mafinya: Kuyesa mafinya kapena madzi ena amthupi ochokera ku bala.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Kuona ngati mapapo akhudzidwa.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani kwa nthawi yonse. Mukayamba kulandira chithandizo mwachangu, matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa mwachangu popanda zovuta.

Kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti tidziteteze ku matendawa?

Chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikukhala otetezeka ku matendawa. Tsatirani njira zosavuta izi.

• Musakhudze nyama zakuthengo ndi manja anu opanda kanthu, makamaka nyama zomwe zikuoneka ngati zikudwala kapena zakufa.
• Mukagwira ntchito kumunda kapena kuyenda m'nkhalango, valani zovala zophimba manja ndi miyendo yanu. Valani malaya a manja aatali, mathalauza aatali, ndi nsapato.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa tizilombo kuti mudziteteze ku tizilombo.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwasamalira bwino ziweto zanu (agalu, amphaka) kuti muwateteze ku nkhupakupa . Komanso, dziwani ngati akukumana ndi nyama zakuthengo panja.
• Mukamamwa madzi, imwani madzi oyera komanso otetezeka okha. Musamwe madzi ochokera kuzinthu zokayikitsa.
• Idyani nyama, makamaka nyama zakuthengo, zophikidwa bwino.
• Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwakumana ndi matendawa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.