Ikizamini cya SEEG cyo kumenya niba umuntu afite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza ni iki? (Stereoelectroencephalography) Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Ese wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi ufite indwara yitwa igicuri igoye kuyigenzura nubwo hari imiti? Hari igihe abaganga bagorwa no kumenya aho indwara yo gucika intege itangiriye mu bwonko. Ni bwo tugiye kuvuga ku kizamini kigoye ariko cy'ingenzi cyane gishobora gufasha. Kitwa SEEG. Ntugahangayike, izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho ari rirerure. Reka tubikomeze byoroshye.

SEEG bisobanura iki mu buryo bworoshye?

Muri make, Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) ni ikizamini cyo kubaga kijya mu bwonko bwawe kigakoresha uduce duto kugira ngo hamenyekane aho indwara z’igicuri zidakira zitangirira.

Ushobora kuba warumvise ikizamini cya EEG. Bikubiyemo gushyira utuntu duto hejuru y'umutwe, ni ukuvuga ku gahanga, kugira ngo bapime imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko. Ariko muri SEEG, abaganga b'imitsi bashyira utwo dukoresho mu bwonko atari hejuru y'ubwonko, ahubwo ni mu bice byimbitse kandi bitandukanye by'ubwonko. Ibi bituma amakuru aboneka mu bice birebire cyane ku buryo EEG isanzwe itabasha gufata.

Nyuma yo gushyiramo electrodes, uzafungirwa mu cyumba cyihariye cy’ibitaro mu gihe cy’iminsi mike. Muri iki gihe, itsinda ry’abaganga rizakurikirana byimbitse imikorere y’ubwonko bwawe mu gihe cy’indwara zo mu mutwe.

Ni mu bihe ibihe ikizamini cya SEEG gikorerwa?

Abaganga bakoresha ibizamini bya SEEG cyane cyane ku bantu bake badasanzwe.

• Indwara y'igicuri idakira imiti: Hari abantu badashobora kugenzura indwara y'igicuri nubwo baba bamaze gukoresha ubwoko bubiri cyangwa butatu bw'imiti. Iyi ndwara twita indwara y'igicuri idakira imiti. Ku bana barengeje imyaka 2 ndetse n'abantu bakuru bafite iyi ndwara, SEEG ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane niba kubagwa bishoboka.

• Gupima ubwonko: Tekereza ko gukubita kw'ubwonko guturutse ku gice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwonko kigenzura imvugo, ingendo, cyangwa ibyiyumvo. Niba ugiye kubagwa, ugomba kwitonda kugira ngo utangiza ibyo bice by'ingenzi. Ukoresheje electrodes za SEEG, ushobora gushushanya ibyo bice by'ingenzi mbere gato y'uko ubagwa.

• Gutanga ubuyobozi ku bundi buryo bwo kuvura: Hari igihe gupima SEEG nabyo bikoreshwa nk'igice cy'ubuvuzi. Urugero:
• Gupima ubushyuhe bw'amajwi hakoreshejwe radiyo: Ibi bikoresha imiraba ya radiyo n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo byangize uturemangingo tw'ubwonko dutera iyi ndwara. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe electrode za SEEG.
• Ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere (LITT):Uburyo bwo guhagarika ibice by'ubwonko bitera ibisebe hakoreshejwe ingufu z'ubushyuhe bwa laser.
• Gukangura ubwonko mu buryo bwo gusubiza: Muri ibi, igikoresho gishyirwa mu bwonko gitanga amashanyarazi make kugeza aho igicuri gitangiriye hanyuma kigahagarara. SEEG ifasha kumenya aho igikoresho giherereye neza.

Ni nde wemerewe iki kizamini?

Ikizamini cya SEEG si icya buri wese. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibintu byinshi mbere yo kugitanga.

Tekereza ko ufite indwara yo gucura itangira mu gace runaka k'ubwonko bwawe (`(focal epilepsy)`). Ariko nubwo wakoresha MRI scan, ako gace ntikagaragara neza. Ni bwo SEEG iba ingirakamaro cyane.

Ariko, niba ufite isereri itangira mu bice byinshi by'ubwonko icyarimwe (`(igicuri rusange)`), ntabwo ukwiriye iki kizamini.

Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati ya EEG na SEEG?

Nubwo ibi bizamini byombi bipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko, hari itandukaniro rinini. Ubusanzwe, umuganga abanza gukora EEG. Niyo amakuru yavuyemo adahagije, ni bwo azakomeza ikizamini cyo mu cyiciro cya kabiri, nka SEEG.

Impinduka z'ingenzi ni izi:

• Aho electrode zishyirwa: Muri EEG, electrode zishyirwa ku ruhu, hejuru y'agahanga. Muri SEEG, electrode zishyirwa mu bwonko cyane.
• Amakuru yakiriwe: EEG itanga gusa amakuru yerekeye imikorere y'ubwonko. SEEG ishobora kubona amakuru mu bujyakuzimu butandukanye mu bice byombi by'ubwonko. Ibi bidufasha kumenya neza aho indwara yafashwe.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko abantu babazwe igicuri nyuma yo gupimwa na SEEG bamaraga igihe gito mu cyumba cyo kubagwa ugereranyije n'abamaze ubundi buryo (nko gufungura umutwe w'igihanga no gushyira electrodes ku buso bw'ubwonko). Banamaraga igihe gito mu bitaro kandi bakoresha imiti mike igabanya ububabare.

Ni iki wakwitega mbere ya SEEG?

Kubera ko iki ari ikizamini kijyanye no kubagwa, hazakorwa ibizamini byinshi mbere yo gusuzuma uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.

• Gupima amaraso
• Ikizamini cya EKG (Electrocardiogram) gisuzuma umutima
• Ibizamini byo gufata amashusho nka CT scans (computer tomography scans) na MRI scans (magnetic resonance imaging)

Kimwe mu bibazo abantu benshi, cyane cyane ababyeyi, bagira iyo bakoreye umwana wabo ikintu nk'iki ni iki : "Ese bazamwogosha umusatsi wose?" Hashobora no kubaho ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba bazahagarika gufata imiti bafata igihe gito kugira ngo bamererwe neza.

Kubaga SEEG bikorwa gute?

Kubagwa kwa SEEG akenshi bifata amasaha agera kuri ane kugeza kuri atandatu. Ku munsi wo kubagwa, umuganga w’ikinya azaguha imiti. Uzaba usinziriye burundu mu gihe cyose cyo kubagwa. Bityo rero ntuzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose.

Nyuma yo gusinzira, itsinda rishinzwe kubaga rizakurikiza izi ntambwe:

1. Ubwa mbere, umutwe wawe ufata icyuma cyihariye (`(icyitegererezo cy’ishusho)`) kugira ngo umutwe wawe ugumane ahantu hamwe.

2. Hanyuma, mu gahanga hacukurwa utwobo duto cyane turi hagati ya 10 na 20, dufite ubugari nk'ubw'umugozi wa spaghetti. Ibi ntibitera amaraso menshi.

3. Binyuze muri iyo myobo mito, electrode zimeze nk'iza pulasitiki zoroshye zihujwe n'insinga nto zishyirwa mu bwonko.

4. Izi electrode zishyirwa neza mu bice by'ubwonko aho bikekwa ko ifatwa ry'ibisebe ritangirira, nk'uko byagaragajwe mu isuzuma ryabanje.

5. Amaherezo, umutwe uvanwaho hanyuma umutwe uhambirwa neza.

6. Hanyuma uzajyanwa mu cyumba cyo kwitaba Imana hanyuma ufate CT scan na X-ray kugira ngo urebe neza ko electrodes ziri ahantu hakwiye.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma ya SEEG?

Nyuma yo kubagwa, ubusanzwe uzoherezwa mu ishami rishinzwe gukurikirana indwara y'igicuri. Aho ngaho, itsinda ry'inzobere rizagukurikirana amasaha 24/7. Amatara yo ku mutwe wawe azahuzwa n'imashini zifata imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe. Iyo ugize isereri, mudasobwa ishobora kukwereka aho itangirira mu bwonko bwawe n'uko ikwirakwira, ikoresheje amashusho ya 3D.

Ushobora gukenera kumara iminsi mike mu bitaro kugeza ku cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri, bitewe n'inshuro usanzwe urwaye indwara yo kubabara.

Mu mpera z'igihe cy'ikizamini, electrode zizakurwa ku mutwe wawe. Ntugahangayike, iki si igikorwa gikomeye. Ni igikorwa cyoroshye gusa gitera ubwoba utwo duce kandi kimara iminota 10-15.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ikizamini cya SEEG?

SEEG muri rusange ifatwa nk'uburyo bwizewe cyane, ariko nk'uko bigenda ku kubagwa ubwonko, hari ingaruka nto cyane.

• Kuva amaraso mu bwonko (kuva amaraso mu bwonko)
• Kwandura
• Igisebe cy'imitsi

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Ubusanzwe ugomba kuba wasubiye mu buzima busanzwe mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri (amasaha 24-48). Ariko, ganira n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe ku gihe ushobora kongera gukora imirimo yawe isanzwe.

Ni iki wakwitega ku byavuye muri SEEG?

Kenshi na kenshi, ikizamini cya SEEG gishobora kugaragaza neza impamvu nyamukuru y’iyi ndwara. Abaganga bazajya biga neza amakuru yanditswe mu bikorwa by’ubwonko bwawe, hanyuma bafate umwanzuro niba ukwiriye kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buvuzi.

Kubagwa kugira ngo uvure igicuri akenshi biba nyuma y'ibyumweru bine kugeza ku munani nyuma yo gupimwa na SEEG, kugira ngo biguhe umwanya wo gukira neza.

Ushobora kubona ibisubizo by'ibizamini mbere yo kuva mu bitaro. Ibi bizaguha umwanya wowe n'umuryango wawe wo kuganira kuri ibi bisubizo n'itsinda ry'abaganga no gufata icyemezo mbere yuko gahunda ya nyuma yo kuvura ifatwa.

Kubaho ufite indwara y'igicuri idashobora guhagarara ukoresheje imiti bishobora kugorana cyane. Ariko hamwe n'uburyo bugezweho bwo gupima nka SEEG, ubu birashoboka kumenya impamvu nyayo y'iyi ndwara no gutangira kuyivura neza. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kugufasha kugabanya indwara y'igicuri no kubaho ubuzima busanzwe.