Imitsi mito y'amaraso mu mubiri wacu: Byose ku mitsi ikomeza kugaragara!

Ese wigeze utekereza ku mitsi mito y'amaraso iri mu mibiri yacu? Nk'urusobe rw'imihanda mito ikwirakwira mu gihugu, iyi ni yo itwara intungamubiri na ogisijeni mu turemangingo twacu. Imitsi mito y'amaraso ni imwe muri iyo mitsi mito y'amaraso y'ingenzi cyane. Muri iyo mitsi mito y'amaraso, uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku bwoko bw'imitsi ikunze kugaragara kandi yihariye, "Imitsi ikomeza". Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Izi 'Capillaries zihoraho' ni izihe?

Mu magambo make, imiyoboro y'amaraso ikomeza ni yo ikunze kugaragara cyane mu mubiri wacu. Kimwe n'indi miyoboro y'amaraso, ifite ubwoko bwihariye bw'ingirabuzimafatizo zitwa uturemangingo tw'amaraso. Zitwa "continuous" kuko uturemangingo tuba twegeranye cyane, hafi mu murongo, nta cyuho. Ibi bivuze ko nta cyuho kinini kiri mu rukuta, kandi uturemangingo tuba dufatanye buri gihe.

Tekereza muri ubu buryo, iyi ni yo mitsi mito y'amaraso mu mubiri wacu. Iyi ni yo itwara amaraso, intungamubiri, na ogisijeni mu turemangingo twacu. Iyi ni yo mitsi mito cyane mu mitsi yacu.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'imitsi ikomeza gufungana?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'iyi mitsi ikomeza gufungana. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

1. Imitsi yo mu bwonko idakomeza gushyuha:

Ubwo bwoko bw'imiyoboro y'amaraso (capillaries) bufite utwobo duto, cyangwa uduce tw'uturemangingo, hagati y'uturemangingo tw'inyuma tugize inkuta. Utwo twobo ni duto cyane ku buryo utuntu duto cyane nka amazi, isukari, imisemburo, na gaze ari byo bishobora kunyuramo. Bikora nk'abarinzi b'inyuma binjiza ibintu byatoranijwe gusa. Tubona ubwo bwoko bw'imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mitsi yacu, mu ruhu no mu bihaha .

2. Imitsi y'amaraso ikomeza gushonga:

Ubwo bwoko bw'imitsi ifite utwenge tunini, nk'amadirishya mato (`fenestrations`), hagati y'uturemangingo. Kubera ayo "madirishya," intungamubiri n'ibindi bintu biri mu maraso bishobora kugenda vuba cyane . Bimeze nk'ahantu hahurirwa n'abantu benshi. Biherereye cyane cyane mu mpyiko zacu, mu mara mato, no mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'amaraso . Kubera ko izi ngingo zikenera ihererekanya ryihuse ry'ibintu.

Uretse ubwo bwoko bubiri, hari ubundi bwoko bwitwa "Sinusoidal capillaries". Ariko ntabwo zikomeza, zifite icyuho kinini n'imyobo. Izi zishobora kugaragara ahantu nko mu mwijima, mu mugongo, mu mitsi, no mu musokoro w'amagufwa. Ariko uyu munsi turimo kwibanda cyane ku mitsi ikomeza.

Ni uruhe ruhare rw'imitsi ikomeza gufungana mu maraso?

Utu tunyangingo duto kandi duhoraho ni two duhuza imitsi n'imitsi y'urusobe rw'amaraso.Tekereza muri ubu buryo: imitsi imeze nk'imihanda minini itwara amaraso meza kandi afite ogisijeni ava mu mutima ajya mu gice cyose cy'umubiri. Imitsi ni yo mihanda itwara amaraso yakoreshejwe, yakuwemo ogisijeni, yuzuye imyanda agaruka mu mutima. Hagati y'iyo mihanda ibiri minini, iyi miyoboro y'amaraso ni imihanda mito yo ku ruhande yemerera ibintu guhindurirwa ku rwego rw'uturemangingo.

Inshingano zabo nyamukuru ni ugufasha gukusanya ibintu bitandukanye mu mubiri mu maraso no kubikura mu maraso no kubigeza ku ngingo z'umubiri . Ni nk'aho serivisi yo gutanga ibiryo igeze.

Ni gute ibi bifasha izindi ngingo?

Imitsi yo mu bwonko idahindagurika ifasha ingingo nyinshi z'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu. Reka turebe uko bigenda:

• Ubwonko: Mu bwonko, izi capillaries zihurira hamwe zigakora uruzitiro rwihariye rurinda, rwitwa "uruzitiro rw'amaraso n'ubwonko." Ibi bibuza ibintu byangiza kwinjira mu bwonko.
• Uturemangingo tw’imisemburo: Imisemburo ni imisemburo igenzura imikorere itandukanye mu mubiri wacu. Iyi misemburo igezwa ku ngingo zibishinzwe binyuze muri iyo mitsi.
• Impyiko: Imiyoboro yihariye y'amaraso mu mpyiko (imiyoboro ya peritubular) ifasha mu kuyungurura amaraso, gukora inkari, no kongera kwinjiza ibintu nka sodium n'amazi mu mubiri.
• Ibihaha: Iyo duhumeka, umwuka duhumeka wongerwa mu maraso, maze umwuka wa karuboni mu maraso ugakurwamo binyuze muri izi mitsi yo mu bihaha.
• Uduce duto tw’amara: Iyo tumaze gusya ibiryo turya, utu tunyangingo tw’amaraso (capillaries) dufasha uturemangingo twacu kwinjiza intungamubiri zituruka muri two.

Ni iyihe sano iri hagati y'imitsi yo mu bwonko n'urukuta rw'amaraso n'ubwonko?

Iki ni ikintu kidasanzwe cyane. Uruzitiro rw'amaraso n'ubwonko rurinda ubwonko bwacu rugizwe n'imiyoboro y'amaraso idafunze twavuze mbere. Iyi miyoboro y'amaraso ihitamo cyane mu kwemerera ibintu kwinjira mu bwonko. Yemerera gusa ibintu by'ingenzi nk'amazi na ogisijeni kuva mu maraso kugera mu bwonko, mu gihe ikarinda uburozi n'ibindi bintu bitera indwara kwinjira mu bwonko . Ni nk'urugi rwiza rw'ubwonko. Ibi birinda ubwonko impanuka n'indwara.

Imiterere y'imitsi ikomeza ku mitsi imeze ite?

Tekereza ukuntu izi nkari zito! Ubusanzwe zifite umurambararo wa mikorometero 8 kugeza ku 10 gusa . Mikorometero ni kimwe mu bihumbi bya milimetero (0.001 mm). Ubugari bw'agatambaro k'ipamba! Uturemangingo twacu dutukura tugomba kunyura muri izi nkari mu murongo umwe , ni ko zigoye cyane.

Izi capillaries zikomeza zigizwe ahanini n'ibice bitatu:

1. Uturemangingo tw’imbere mu mubiri: Utu nitwo turemangingo tw’ingenzi tugize inkuta z’imitsi. Ni nk’urutonde rw’uturemangingo ruri imbere mu muyoboro.

2. Urusobe rw'inyuma: Uru ni urwego ruhoraho rw'uturemangingo dushyigikira uturemangingo tw'imbere.

3. Amaperesite:Izi ni uturemangingo tuba dukikije inyuma y’inkuta z’imitsi. Utwo turemangingo dushobora kwirema, bivuze ko dushobora kugabanuka. Ibi kandi bidufasha kugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’amaraso.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kubaho zijyanye n'izi capillaries?

Ikibabaje ni uko utu tunyangingo duto ariko tw’ingenzi cyane dushobora kuba intandaro y’ibibazo bitandukanye by’ubuzima. Bimwe muri byo bishobora kuba ari imiterere y’umubiri, bivuze ko bihererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kijya ku kindi.

Indwara ziterwa n'impamvu z'uturemangingo:

• Kubura kw'imitsi mu mitsi (AVM): Muri ibi, imitsi n'imitsi yo mu bwonko cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo birafungana, bigatuma amaraso atembera mu mitsi.
• Capillary angiosarcoma: Ubwoko bwa kanseri ikwirakwira mu turemangingo tw’inyuma.
• Telangiectasia yo kuva amaraso mu maraso (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome): Iyi ni indwara y’imitsi y’amaraso ivuka aho imitsi y’amaraso ikura mu buryo budasanzwe (telangiectases) kandi ishobora guturika.
• Kwangirika kw'amagufwa y'amaso: Kwangirika kw'igice cya retina kiri imbere mu jisho. Ibi bishobora no guterwa n'amaraso ava mu mitsi.
• Indwara yo kuvura imitsi mito: Muri iyi ndwara, abana bavukanye umutwe muto cyane bashobora kugira imitsi mito myinshi.

Indwara ziterwa n'impamvu zitari iz'uruhererekane rw'umubiri:

Ibi si ibintu by’uruhererekane, ariko bishobora kubaho kubera izindi mpamvu.

• Imitsi mito y'amaraso yavunitse: Kwangirika kw'imitsi mito y'amaraso iri munsi y'uruhu. Ibi bishobora kubaho rimwe na rimwe iyo ukorora cyane cyangwa kuruka.
• Indwara yo kuzana amaraso mu mitsi: Ibi bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanuka mu buryo butunguranye. Hari igihe hakenerwa ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.
• Spider nevus (`Spider nevus` / `Spider angioma` / `Spider telangiectasia`): Imitsi mito y'amaraso iva ku ngingo imwe, isa n'amaguru y'igitagangurirwa. Iyi mitsi ikunze kugaragara ku maso, mu ijosi no mu gituza.
• Hemangiomas y'ibimera: Imitsi y'amaraso itukura cyane, igaragara ku ruhu.
• Vasculitis: Kubyimba imiyoboro y'amaraso. Ibi bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko. Ibi bibaye, ingorane nko guturika cyangwa kuziba zishobora kubaho.

Ese ibibazo byo mu mitsi ikomeza gutera izindi ndwara zikomeye?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi baracyakora ubushakashatsi kuri ibi, ariko bakeka ko hari ingaruka mbi mu mikorere y'imitsi ikomeza gufunga amaraso zishobora kuba ziterwa n'indwara nka:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer
• Igisebe cy'imitsi
• Kwibagirwa imitsi y'amaraso

Hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kugira ngo umenye byinshi kuri ibi.

Ni gute twakwita kuri iyi mitsi mito y'amaraso?

Ni inshingano zacu kwita ku mitsi yacu, ikora akazi gakomeye mu mubiri wacu. Dore bimwe mu bintu byoroshye ushobora gukora:

• Niba unywa itabi, tekereza kurireka . Ni kimwe no kunywa ibikomoka ku itabi.
• Imenyere ubuzima busanzwe . Ibyo bivuze ibintu nko gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kugenda n'amaguru.
• Gerageza kugira ibiro bizima .
• Witondere ingano y'inzoga unywa.

Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kuganira na muganga wawe ku ndwara iyo ari yo yose ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw'imitsi yawe y'amaraso no kuyigenzura. Muri zo harimo:

• Diyabete
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• Kolesteroli nyinshi
• Guhangayika

Iyo ibi bigenzuwe, bigirira akamaro n'imitsi yo mu bwonko.

Ni gute wakwirinda imitsi yo mu maso yavunitse?

Ikibazo abantu benshi bafite ni utunyangingo duto tumeze nk'udupira dutukura tugaragara munsi y'uruhu ku maso. Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora gufasha kwirinda ko twangirika:

• Gabanya kunywa inzoga.
• Reka kunywa itabi.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cy'uruhu nka rosacea, vurwa neza.
• Mu gihe ugiye ku zuba, koresha amavuta yo kwisiga akingira izuba afite imiterere migari kandi akingira imirasire ya UVA na UVB .
• Mu gihe woza mu maso, karaba buhoro buhoro kandi witonze, udakaraba cyane.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Rero, imiyoboro y'amaraso ikomeza ni urusobe rw'imitsi mito cyane, ariko y'ingenzi cyane itwara amaraso, intungamubiri, na ogisijeni mu turemangingo twacu. Nkuko twabibonye, ​​hari ubwoko bubiri bw'iyi mitsi (ikomeza kumera n'ikomeza kumera) ifite imirimo yihariye.

Wibuke ko utu tunyangingo duto tw’amaraso tugira ingaruka ku buzima bwacu muri rusange. Bityo rero, ukurikije ubuzima bwiza, ushobora kwita kuri izi nshuti nto. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa gushidikanya kuri ibi, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga.

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