Amaso Yacu: Reka tuganire ku buryo tubona isi n'uburyo bwo kurinda amaso yacu!

Ubona ute iyi si nziza? Indabo z'amabara meza, imiterere myiza, amasura y'abakunzi bawe... Ibi byose tubigaragaza binyuze mu maso yacu y'agaciro, sibyo? Mu by'ukuri, aya maso abiri ni abiri mu ngingo zitangaje cyane mu mubiri wacu. None se, aya maso abiri ni ayahe? Akora ate? Reka twige kuri ibi mu buryo bworoshye, nk'aho twavuganye n'inshuti.

Amaso akora ate? Biratangaje!

Tekereza nka kamera ebyiri zigezweho cyane. Ikintu cyose tubona gitangirana n'urumuri ruturutse hanze. Uru mucyo winjira mu maso yacu ukanyura mu bice byinshi bibonerana by'ijisho. Ibi bice ni cornea , urwenya rw'amazi , lensi , na vitreous humor . Ibi bice bizunguruka imirasire y'urumuri kandi bikayibandaho neza.

Uku kwibanda kugomba kuba ari ko biri . Bitabaye ibyo, tubona amashusho adasobanutse neza. Imitsi mito iri mu jisho ryawe ifasha kwimura ijisho ryawe gato, ku buryo aho kwibanda, aho kwibanda, bigwa neza neza kuri retina .

Iyo urumuri rugeze ku tunyangingo turi muri retina yawe, rwohereza ibimenyetso mu bwonko bwawe. Ibi bimenyetso bimeze nk'ubutumwa bwanditseho code. Bikubiyemo ibisobanuro byose by'urumuri, harimo n'ibara ryarwo n'ubukana bwarwo. Ubwonko bwawe buhita busobanura ibyo bimenyetso bukaguha ishusho. Ntabwo ari ibintu bitangaje?

Hari abantu bibwira ko amagambo "kubona" ​​na "kureba" ari amwe, ariko hari itandukaniro rito. "Kureba" bivuga ibyo amaso yawe akora. "Kureba" bivuga inzira yose itangirira ku maso ikarangira ubwonko buyisobanura kandi bugakora ishusho.

Bimwe mu bice bitangaje by'amaso yacu!

Ijisho ry'umuntu ni ikintu kigoye cyane. Kugira ngo urebe, ibi bice byose bigomba gukora neza. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

• Kornea : Ibi bimeze nk'ikirahuri cy'ijisho ryawe. Kirinda imbere mu jisho ryawe. Gitose kandi giterwa amavuta n'amarira yawe. Kinafasha mu kugorora urumuri rwinjira mu jisho.
• Sclera : Iki ni igice cy'umweru cy'ijisho ryawe. Giha ijisho imiterere n'imiterere yaryo isanzwe.
• Conjunctiva : Iyi ni membrane nto cyane kandi ibonerana itwikira sclera n'imbere mu mboni y'ijisho ryawe.
• Urwenya rw'amazi: Iyi ni amazi. Yuzuyemo icyumba cy'imbere imbere mu jisho. Umuvuduko w'aya mazi ni wo utuma ijisho ridacika intege kandi rigakomeza kugira ishusho yaryo.
• Iris : Aha niho ibara ry'amaso yawe rigaragarira. Hari abantu bafite umukara w'umukara, abandi bafite ubururu bw'umukara, abandi bafite icyatsi kibisi, cyangwa uruvange rw'umukara w'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi ( hazel ). Akadomo k'umukara hagati mu jisho, cyangwa imboni y'amaso, kagabanutse bitewe n'imitsi iri hano.
• Umunyeshuri : Umuzenguruko w'umukara uri hagati mu mboni y'amaso. Umeze nk'idirishya. Ugenzura ingano y'urumuri rwinjira mu jisho. Urushaho kuba muto mu mucyo mwinshi no mu mwijima.
• Indorerwamo : Iyi ni yo ishyira urumuri rwinjira mu jisho rukaruyobora inyuma y'ijisho, ni ukuvuga kuri retina.
• Urwenya rwa Vitreous : Iyi ni amazi agaragara, asa na gel yuzuza umwanya uri hagati y'indorerwamo na retina. Ifasha ijisho kugumana ishusho yaryo. Rimwe na rimwe yitwa vitreous gusa.
• Retina : Urusobe rw'uturemangingo tw’urumuri inyuma y'ijisho. Aha niho urumuri ruhinduka ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi. Uduti dukoreshwa mu kubona mu rumuri ruto, naho utubuto tugakoreshwa mu kubona amabara no kubona neza.
• Macula : Agace gato ariko gakomeye cyane muri retina. Ni ko gashinzwe hagati mu kureba kwawe. Ni ukuvuga ko gashinzwe kubona ibintu neza, no kubona amabara n'utundi duce duto.
• Uturemangingo tw'amatwi : Umutsi mukuru uhuza retina n'ubwonko. Umeze nk'insinga y'amakuru. Utwara ibimenyetso biva mu maso ujya mu bwonko. Uhujwe n'ibice byinshi by'ubwonko.
• Imitsi yo hanze : Iyi mitsi ifasha mu gusunika ijisho no kurigumana ahantu hamwe. Ifasha kandi guhindura aho ijisho ryibanda iyo ureba ibintu biri hafi cyangwa kure.

Zimwe mu ndwara zisanzwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku maso yacu

Amaso yacu afite ubwoko butandukanye bw'ingingo - imitsi, ingingo zihuza, imitsi, imiyoboro y'amaraso, nibindi. Rero, indwara z'amaso nazo ziza mu buryo butandukanye, bitewe n'igice cyafashwe. Reka turebe zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara.

• Amakosa yo kureba kure : Ibi ni byo bibazo byo kureba bikunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi. Muri make, bibaho iyo urumuri rutari rwibanze neza kuri retina. Urugero, kutareba hafi (Myopia) bituma ibintu bisa n'ibisobanutse neza ariko ibintu biri kure bigasa n'ibidasobanutse neza.Ibintu nko kureba kure (Hyperopia) , aho ibintu biri kure bigaragara neza ariko ibintu biri hafi bikaba bidafite ishingiro, cyangwa astigmatism, aho kureba bihindagurika.
• Indwara z'ijisho : Indwara zifata imboni y'ijisho, igice cy'ijisho kigaragara. Izi ndwara zishobora kuvukana cyangwa zikavuka mu gihe cy'izabukuru.
• Indwara z'ijisho : Izi zishobora guterwa n'ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku jisho. Cyangwa zishobora kuba ingaruka z'indi ndwara. Urugero, abantu barwaye diyabete bashobora kwangiza jisho uko igihe kigenda gihita. Gucika kw'ijisho ni indi ndwara ikomeye.
• Indwara z'imitsi y'amaso : Indwara zigira ingaruka kuri uyu mutsi w'ingenzi uhuza ijisho n'ubwonko. Urugero, harimo indwara ya Optic Neuritis ( kubyimba k'umutsi w'amaso) na Optic Atrophy (gutakaza umutsi w'amaso).
• Indwara z'amaso zijyanye n'izabukuru : Izi ndwara z'amaso zigenda ziyongera uko tugenda dusaza, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 65. Zimwe ziba nto, nka presbyopia . Ariko izindi, nka cataract , age-related macular degeneration, cyangwa glaucoma, ni indwara zikomeye zishobora gutuma umuntu atabasha kubona neza.

Byongeye kandi, amaso ashobora no kwibasirwa n'ibintu nk'indwara zandura, ibikomere, kanseri, n'ubumuga bwo kuvukana.

Ibibazo by'amaso? Menya neza ibi bimenyetso!

Iyo hari ikibazo mu maso yacu, uburyo tubyumva, ni ukuvuga ibimenyetso, bushobora gutandukana cyane. Impamvu ni uko hari ibice byinshi bigira ingaruka ku buryo tubona. Reka turebe bimwe mu bimenyetso bisanzwe.

Ibibazo bigaragara ku jisho:

• Kuryarya, kubabara, no kumva ubushyuhe mu maso.
• Ubutukura bw'amaso.
• Amarira ahora arira, amaso yumva atose.
• Gusohoka kw'ikintu kimeze nk'amazi cyangwa ibibyimba mu jisho.

Impinduka mu miterere cyangwa aho ijisho riherereye:

• Ihinduka ry'ibara ry'igice cy'ijisho cyera (sclera) (urugero: ubururu, umuhondo).
• Impinduka mu isura y'ijisho ry'amaso cyangwa imboni (urugero: leukocoria - iris isa n'umweru, coloboma - gutakaza igice cy'ijisho ry'amaso).
• Strabismus ni igihe amaso adahuje neza, umuntu agahindukira imbere ( Esotropia) , inyuma ( Exotropia ), hejuru (Hypertropia) , cyangwa hasi ( Hypotropia ). Ibi byitwa strabismus .

Impinduka mu mikorere y'amaso:

Ibi ni byo bimenyetso twumva ako kanya.

• Kutabona neza, kubona nabi: Ibi bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo byo kutabona neza.
• Ibibazo byihariye byo kutabona : Ubuhumyi bwo mu ijoro , Ubuhumyi bwo mu ibara .
• Kugabanuka cyangwa guta ubwenge : Kubura ubwenge bitunguranye, cyangwa guta ubwenge buhoro buhoro bigatera ubuhumyi.
• Kutabona neza : Kubona kabiri , kubona urumuri rwinshi ( Auras ) imbere y'amaso (urugero, nko ku ndwara zo mu maso zifata umutwe ).
• Gutinya umwijima/Kwiyumvamo urumuri : Amaso arababara iyo areba urumuri rwinshi, bigatuma akunda ahantu hijimye.

Isano iri hagati y'amaso n'ubwonko ni ingenzi cyane!

Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane kumenya. Hari igihe, nubwo ibimenyetso by'indwara y'amaso biba bihari, ikibazo ntikiba kiri mu jisho ubwaryo. Bishobora no guterwa n'indwara iri ahandi mu mubiri wacu. Urugero, umuhondo utera amaso guhinduka umuhondo.

Twumvise ko "amaso ari idirishya ry'ubugingo." Mu buvuzi, amaso ameze nk'idirishya ry'ubwonko bwacu. Kuko, ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe biboneka mu maso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo biri mu bwonko. Uturemangingo twawe tw'amaso ni isano itaziguye hagati y'ijisho n'ubwonko. Mu by'ukuri, retina yawe ni igice cya sisitemu yawe yo hagati y'imitsi , ari nayo gice cy'ubwonko n'umugongo. Niyo mpamvu impinduka mu byo ubona ari ikimenyetso gikomeye mu gihe cy'imvune zo mu bwonko (guhungabana kw'ubwonko) cyangwa indwara nka stroke .

Ubuzima bw'amaso yawe bumeze bute? Ushobora kubimenya ukoresheje ibi bipimo!

Hari ibizamini byinshi abaganga bakora kugira ngo barebe ubuzima bw'amaso yawe. Ushobora kuba warumvise bimwe muri ibyo.

• Igikuru ni ugusuzuma amaso buri gihe . Waba ukeneye indorerwamo cyangwa utazikeneye, ni byiza ko usuzuma amaso rimwe mu mwaka cyangwa buri myaka ibiri. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza indwara nyinshi z'amaso mbere yuko ugira ibimenyetso. Ni ngombwa cyane cyane gukora ibi bipimo niba ufite izindi ndwara, nka diyabete.
• Ikizamini cy'ubuhumyi bw'amabara.
• Ibizamini bisanzwe byo gufata amashusho, nka ultrasound cyangwa magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) .
• Ibipimo bya Glaucoma .
• Ikizamini cy'umuvuduko mu maso.
• Ibizamini byo gupima imiterere y'ijisho .
• Isuzuma ry'amatara : Ibi bituma umuganga w'amaso ashobora gukurura imiterere yoroheje iri imbere mu jisho.
• Ikizamini cy'ubuhanga bwo kureba: Gusoma amabaruwa no kugenzura amaso.
• Ibizamini byo mu murima w'amashusho : Kureba aho ushobora kubona ibidukikije kure.

Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'impamvu ukeka, muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kukugira inama yo gukomeza gupimwa. Ni we muntu mwiza wo kumenya amakuru arambuye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara z'amaso?

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura indwara z'amaso. Hari ibibazo bito bito bifite uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura. Hari n'ibindi bisaba uburyo bugoye bwo kuvura. Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo, ubu hariho uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ibintu byinshi.

• Gukosora amaso : Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura ibibazo byo kureba. Indorerwamo n'amabara y'urumuri ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa cyane. Hari abantu bakeneye indorerwamo za muganga cyangwa amabara y'urumuri. Hari abantu bashobora gukoresha indorerwamo zo gusoma gusa. Abandi bashobora guhitamo kubagwa .
• Imiti : Indwara nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku maso mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye zishobora kuvurwa n'imiti. Izi zishobora kuba mu buryo bw'ibitonyanga by'amaso cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga, cyangwa imiti yo kunywa cyangwa inshinge. Biterwa n'indwara.
• Kubaga : Indwara nyinshi z'amaso zishobora kuvurwa no kubagwa. Urugero, hari uburyo butandukanye nka phacoemulsification (ikoresha ultrasound kugira ngo ivumbure umweru w'ijisho), cryotherapy (ikoresha ubukonje bukabije) , radiofrequency ablation (ikoresha ubushyuhe bukabije) , na laser surgery .

Hashobora kuba hari ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Muganga w'amaso azagusobanurira uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara yawe.

Ni gute twakomeza kugira amaso yacu y'agaciro meza?

Hari ibintu bike dushobora gukora kugira ngo amaso yacu akomeze kuba mazima. Biroroshye cyane, ariko ni ingenzi cyane.

• Jya kwisuzumisha amaso buri gihe : Ni ngombwa ko buri wese, yaba yambaye indorerwamo cyangwa atambaye, asuzumisha amaso buri mwaka cyangwa ibiri. Niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara amaso, ushobora gukenera gusuzumisha amaso yawe kenshi. Muganga wawe w'amaso azakugira inama kuri ibi.
• Rinda amaso yawe : Ambara indorerwamo cyangwa amadarubindi yo kwirinda mu gihe ukora akazi, ukoresheje imiti, imashini, cyangwa ukina siporo. Bishobora kugaragara nk'aho bigoye, ariko bishobora kukurinda kwangirika gukomeye kw'amaso no kubabara.
• Reka kunywa itabi, cyangwa ntugatangire : NikotineIbikomoka ku itabi (itabi, vaping, guhekenya itabi) bishobora kwangiza inzira z'amaraso mu maso yawe uko igihe kigenda gihita, cyane cyane imiyoboro y'amaraso yoroshye mu maso yawe. Niba ukeneye ubufasha bwo kurireka, vugana na muganga wawe.
• Shyira imbere ibiryo bifite intungamubiri : Shyira vitamine, imyunyungugu, n'izindi ntungamubiri z'ingenzi ku buzima bw'amaso. Shyiramo imboga rwatsi, imbuto, n'amafi mu mirire yawe.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye : Ibiro by'umubiri wawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw'amaso yawe.
• Ntukirengagize ibimenyetso by'amaso : Impinduka mu kureba kwawe, cyangwa ikindi kimenyetso icyo ari cyo cyose kigira ingaruka ku maso yawe, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'ikibazo gikomeye. Menya neza ko ugiye kureba umuganga w'amaso cyangwa undi muganga w'ubuvuzi maze mukaganira ku mpungenge zawe. Nta kibazo kirimo, ariko niba kihari, ni ngombwa kubimenya mbere yuko birushaho kuba bibi.

Mu bihe nk'ibi, shakisha inama z'abaganga byihutirwa!

Hari igihe ugomba kwihutira gushaka abaganga niba hari ikintu kiguteye amaso. Menya ibi bintu kuko bishobora kuba ari ibintu byihutirwa:

• Gutakaza amaso mu buryo butunguranye, haba mu gice cy'amaso cyangwa mu maso yuzuye, cyangwa mu maso hagabanutse cyane mu maso rimwe cyangwa yombi.
• Niba hari ikintu cyagufashe mu jisho, cyangwa niba wumva hari ikintu mu jisho ryawe ariko ntubone ikintu na kimwe.
• Niba utwitse hafi y'amaso yawe cyangwa mu maso yawe (nubwo byaba ari ubushye buke).
• Iyo ijisho rihindutse umutuku, rikabyimba, rikavunika, cyangwa rikava amaraso bitewe n'igikomere icyo ari cyo cyose.
• Iyo hari ukubyimba mu mwobo w'amagufwa ukikije imboni y'ijisho.
• Niba amaso asohoka cyane kuruta uko bisanzwe.
• Niba amaso yawe atangiye kugaragara nabi mu buryo butunguranye kandi agasa n'igihu.
• Niba ubonye ibindi bimenyetso by'ubwandu, nko kuruka, gukonja, n'umuriro, hamwe n'ibibazo by'amaso.
• Niba ubonye urumuri imbere y'amaso yawe, niba ubonye izindi ngero zirekura mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa niba ubona ecran y'umukara igwa imbere y'amaso yawe (ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso byo gucika kw'ijisho ).
• Niba iyerekwa ryawe rigaragara nk'aho ari icyegeranyo cy'ibice by'amabara atandukanye ( Kaleidoscope vision ).
• Niba udashobora kwerekeza amaso yawe mu cyerekezo kimwe nkuko bisanzwe.
• Niba iyerekwa ryawe ritunguranye rihinduka nk'iyerekwa ryo mu muhanda (bivuze ko udashobora kubona hafi yawe, ahubwo uhita ubona imbere yawe).
• Kugoreka cyangwa gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba hagati (hamwe n'impinduka mu kureba ku ruhande cyangwa nta mpinduka).

Nubwo bitagaragara kuri uru rutonde, niba ubona ko ufite ikibazo gikomeye cy'amaso, hita ubonana na muganga. Kubikora bishobora kurinda amaso yawe ndetse bishobora no kurokora ubuzima bwawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo by'amaso bikunze kugaragara?

Uretse indwara z'igihe gito (nk'indwara zo mu maso, gushwanyagurika), ibibazo by'amaso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Amakosa yo gusubiza inyuma .
• Indwara z'amaso ziterwa n'imyaka.
• Kugabanuka k'amagufwa y'amaso bifitanye isano n'izabukuru .
• Indwara z'impyiko (cyane cyane indwara ya diyabete iterwa na diyabete).
• Glaucoma .
• Indwara y'amaso yumye .

Hanyuma, hari ibintu bike ugomba kwibuka...

Rero, ukurikije ibyo twavuze uyu munsi, ushobora gusobanukirwa agaciro k'amaso yacu, n'akamaro ko kuyarinda. Amaso yacu ni nk'idirishya ry'ubwonko bwacu aho tubona isi. Dushobora kutamenya agaciro kayo kugeza igihe ikoze neza. Ariko iyo dufite ikibazo gito ni bwo tumenya agaciro kayo.

Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa impungenge ku bijyanye n'amaso yawe, ntukabirengagize. Ntukabifate nk'aho ari ibintu bito. Shaka umuganga w'amaso ako kanya. Ntabwo bishobora kurinda amaso yawe y'agaciro gusa, ahubwo bishobora no kugufasha kumenya indwara ikomeye hakiri kare.

Wite ku maso yawe!

Amaso , kureba, indwara z'amaso, isuzuma ry'amaso, ubuzima bw'amaso, ibibazo byo kureba, kwita ku maso