Reka twige ku basirikari bato mu mubiri wawe - granulocytes.

Twese tugerageza cyane kwirinda indwara, si byo se? Hari igihe n'ibicurane bishobora kudutera kurwara. Rero, mu mibiri yacu, hari uburyo butangaje bwo kwirinda indwara nk'izo n'ubwandu. Igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'ubwo buryo bwo kwirinda ni utunyangingo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Aba bantu bakorera mu mibiri yacu nk'abasirikare barinda igihugu cyacu. Noneho reka turebe abo tunyangingo tumeze nk'aba, icyo bakora, n'uko bigenda iyo tubaye bake cyane cyangwa benshi cyane. Byose biroroshye.

Uzi granulocytes ari iki?

Muri make, granulocyte ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera. Yego, wigeze kumva ko hari uturemangingo dutukura n'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera mu maraso. Muri utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso twera, ubwoko bukunze kugaragara ni granulocyte.

Bitwa izina ryabyo kuko mu turemangingo twabyo, muri cytoplasm (amazi menshi ari mu turemangingo), harimo utuntu duto, gisa n'imbuto twitwa granules. Muri utwo turemangingo harimo imiti itandukanye, nka enzymes . Ibi bimeze nk'intwaro zabyo.

Tekereza, iyo ikintu nk'umugera cyangwa bagiteri byinjiye mu mubiri wawe, cyangwa iyo hari ububyimbirwe butewe n'igikomere, izi granulocytes zihutira kugera aho hantu nk'imbangukiragutabara ifite siren. Ziraza zigasohora imiti iri mu turemangingo twazo kugira ngo zirwanye ubwandu.

Rero, uburyo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza urugero rw'uturemangingo twa granulocyte yawe ni ugupimisha amaraso. Ibi bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe CBC (Umubare w'amaraso wose), ubusanzwe bikorwa.

• Niba umubare wa granulocyte yawe uri hejuru , bishobora gusobanura ko hari ubwoko runaka bw'ubwandu mu mubiri wawe.
• Nanone, niba umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso ari hasi , bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara y'umusemburo w'amagufwa , nka kanseri y'amaraso cyangwa aplastic anemia . Ariko ntugahangayike, si ko kugabanuka kose ari akaga.

Izi granulocytes zitwa kandi `granular leukocytes`, `polymorphonuclear leukocytes` cyangwa `PMN cells`. Ariko reka tubyite `granulocytes`.

Bigenda bite iyo ufite granulocytes zidakuze?

Ubusanzwe, utwo turemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo twinjira mu maraso gusa iyo tumaze gukura neza mu musemburo w’amagufwa yacu, ni ukuvuga iyo tumaze gukura. Nk’uko abana bo ku ishuri biga neza kandi bagatsinda ibizamini, na bo barasohoka.

Ariko, rimwe na rimwe izi granulocytes zidakuze , ni ukuvuga uturemangingo tutarakura neza, tuboneka mu maraso. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibi bibaho:

• Kimwe ni uko hashobora kuba hari ikibazo ku musokoro w'amagufwa.
• Cyangwa, bishobora kuba umubiri urimo kwitwara neza ku ndwara vuba bishoboka, nko kohereza vuba abasirikare bashya ku rugamba.

Abaganga bakunze kugira impungenge nke niba ufite 2% by'umubare wose w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru nk'uturemangingo tudakuze.

Ariko ibuka ibi kandi:

• Ababyeyi batwite n'abana bavutse bashobora kuba bafite uduce duto tw'amaraso tudakuze mu maraso yabo. Ibi ni ibisanzwe, ikimenyetso cy'uko umwongo w'amagufwa ukora neza. Rero nta mpungenge ugomba kugira.

Ni iyihe nshingano nyamukuru ya granulocytes?

Granulocytes ntizikora zonyine. Zikorana nk'ikipe kugira ngo ziturwanye kandi ziturinde ibintu nk'indwara zandura, mikorobe, n'ibintu bishobora gutuma umubiri wacu ugira allergie .

Hari ubwoko bune bw'ingenzi bwa granulocytes. Buri bwoko bufite imiti na enzymes bitandukanye gato muri utwo duce, bityo imikorere yatwo itandukanye gato.

1. Neutrophils

• Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa granulocyte bwinshi cyane , kimwe na batayo nini mu ngabo.
• Umwanzi wabo mukuru ni bagiteri . Akaremangingo kamwe ka neutrophil gashobora kurya no gusenya bagiteri zigera kuri 20 mu buzima bwako!
• Neutrophils zigize hagati ya 40% na 60% by'uturemangingo twose tw'umubiri wacu, bivuze hafi bibiri bya gatatu by'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera.

2. Eosinofili

• Ibi nabyo ni ingenzi cyane. Biboneka hafi ya byose mu bijyanye n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri .
• Imirimo yabo iba myinshi cyane cyane iyo umuntu arwaye indwara ya allergie .
• Nanone, ni izi eosinofili zirwanya udukoko , ni ukuvuga ibinyabuzima bitera indwara nk'inzoka.

3. Basophil

• Aba bantu ahanini barwanya ingaruka z'ubwivumbure .
• Basohora imiti yitwa histamine , ifasha umubiri gukuraho ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure (tekereza nko kwitsamura no kuva mu mazuru ).
• Irekura kandi heparin , ibuza amaraso kuzura.

4. Uturemangingo tw'imbere

• Uturemangingo twa mast natwo ni ubwoko bwa granulocyte. Ariko ntidutembera mu maraso nk'izindi. Dutuye mu ngingo zacu.
• Kimwe na basophils, banasohora histamine na heparin.
• Uturemangingo twa Basophil n'uturemangingo twa mast birasa mu miterere. Itandukaniro rikomeye ni uko basophil zimara igihe gito kandi zihita zijya aho ubushye bugeze igihe gito.

Ni hehe granulocytes ziherereye?

Utu dusirikare duto, twitwa granulocytes, tuboneka muImbere mu musokoro w'amagufwa . Nk'aho ari mu nkambi y'ingobyi. Hanyuma, iyo umubiri ukeneye serivisi zabo, bifatanya n'amaraso bakajya ahantu hakwiye.

Ni gute urugero rusanzwe rwa granulocytes rukwiye kuba rumeze?

Ubusanzwe, umuntu muzima agomba kuba afite hagati ya granulocytes 1.500 na 8.500 kuri mikorolitiro imwe (igitonyanga gito cyane cy'amaraso). Raporo y'ibizamini byawe by'amaraso ishobora kugaragaza ibi nka `1.5 - 8.5 x 10^9 / L`. Ibi bipimo bishobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari.

Iyo dufashe ubwoko butandukanye bwa granulocytes twavuze mbere nk'ijanisha, ibi nibyo bisanzwe bigomba kuba:

• Neutrophils: Hagati ya 50% na 70% by'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru twose.
• Eosinofili: Hagati ya 1% na 3%.
• Basophil: Hagati ya 0.4% na 1%.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira granulocytes?

Indwara zitandukanye zishobora guterwa n’ubwiyongere cyangwa igabanuka ry’umubare wa granulocytes. Reka turebe zimwe muri zo:

• Basophilia: Iyi ni ukwiyongera k'umubare wa basophilia. Ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu, indwara y'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri (indwara aho uturemangingo tw'umubiri twibasira), cyangwa indwara nka leukemia.
• Indwara yo mu bwoko bwa Cyclic Neutropenia: Iki ni cyo gihe urugero rwa neutrophils rugabanuka hanyuma rukagaruka ku rugero rusanzwe. Ibi bibaho mu gihe runaka. Iyi ndwara yongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara.
• Eosinophilia: Ubwiyongere bw'umubare wa eosinophilia. Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu ndwara nka asima na allergie z'ibihe . Bishobora kandi kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara zandurira mu mikorere y'umubiri cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri nka sarcoidosis n'indwara yo kubyimba amara .
• Granulocytosis: Iyi ni ukwiyongera k'umubare wose wa granulocytes. Ibi bishobora kugira impamvu nyinshi. Indwara zandurira mu maraso, kanseri y'amaraso, zimwe mu ndwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri, n'indwara z'umusemburo w'amagufwa ni byo by'ingenzi.
• Neutropenia (izwi kandi nka granulocytopenia): Iki ni igabanuka ry'umubare wa granulocytes, cyane cyane neutrophils. Ibi akenshi biterwa n'indwara y'amaraso cyangwa umwongo w'amagufwa, nka aplastic anemia cyangwa leukemia . Agranulocytosis ni bwo bwoko bwa neutropenia bukabije cyane.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara ziterwa na granulocyte?

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe. Ariko, bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara birimo:

• Kumva unaniwe igihe cyose (Umunaniro)
• Umuriro
• Kwandura indwara zikunze kugaragara (urugero: ibicurane, indwara zo mu muhogo, indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari)
• Indwara y'ishinya
• Ububabare bw'ingingo
• Ibisebe byo mu kanwa
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Uduheri ku ruhu, nk'izuba
• Kubabara mu muhogo
• Utunyangingo tw’imitsi tubyimba (ahantu nka mu ijosi no mu kwaha)

Niba ukomeje kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kugana muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe urugero rw'uturemangingo tw'ibumba?

Muganga wawe ashobora kugenzura umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe akoresheje uburyo bwo kubara amaraso yose (CBC) . Iki ni ikizamini cyoroheje cyane cy'amaraso gikunze gukorwa.

Kugira ngo umenye urugero rw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu maraso (granulocyte) kuri raporo yawe ya CBC, shakisha aya magambo:

• Neutrophil cyangwa "neutral".
• Eosinofili cyangwa “eosini.”
• Basophil cyangwa "baso."

Aya magambo akunze gukurikirwa n'ijambo "abs." Ibi bisobanura "absolute." Bisobanura umubare ntarengwa wa buri bwoko bw'uturemangingo (umubare nyawo mu gipimo cy'amaraso).

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa na granulocyte?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n'uko urwaye, ariko bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Antibiyotike: Iyo hari ubwandu.
• Gutera umwongo w'amagufwa: Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye.
• Corticosteroids: Igabanya ububyimbirwe.
• Inshinge za G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor): Zongera umusaruro wa granulocyte.
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Mu ndwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri.

Iyo kanseri ifashe granulocytes, uburyo bwo kuyivura bushobora kuba bukubiyemo:

• Ubuvuzi bwa Chimiotherapie
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire
• Ubuvuzi bwibasiwe
• Kubaga

Kuvura granulocytes zidakuze

Niba ibisubizo by'ibipimo by'amaraso yawe bigaragaza ko ufite granulocytes zidakuze, muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibindi bipimo kugira ngo amenye icyabiteye.

• Niba impamvu ari ubwandu, hazatangwa imiti ikwiye.
• Niba impamvu ari kanseri, bazakubwira uburyo bwo kuvura nko kubaga, imiti ivura kanseri cyangwa imirasire.

Nitwara nte? Bite se niba nkeneye guhangayikishwa n'urugero rw'uturemangingo twa granulocyte?

Niba ufite ikibazo kigira ingaruka ku rugero rwa granulocyte yawe, ni ngombwa kwirinda indwara. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Irinde gukora ku maso, ku mazuru, cyangwa mu maso utabanje gukaraba intoki. Hari mikorobe zingahe zitagaragara mu ntoki zacu?
• Fata inkingo zisabwa ku gihe. Izi zishobora kurinda indwara nyinshi.
• Jyana na muganga w'amenyo buri gihe, kandi ukomeze kugira isuku yo mu kanwa mu rugo. Koza amenyo yawe neza kandi uyashyire mu cyuma gisukura.
• Karaba intoki zawe kenshi kandi neza, cyane cyane mbere yo kurya, nyuma yo kuva mu bwiherero, na nyuma yo gusohoka.
• Irinde ahantu hahurira abantu benshi n'ahantu abarwayi baba benshi uko bishoboka kose.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye. Kurya imbuto n'imboga nyinshi. Ibi bikomeza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.
• Gira ibitotsi bihagije.
• Irinde kunywa itabi.

Igikuru ni ukujya kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso bidasanzwe, utirengagije.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Granulocytes na Agranulocytes?

Ibi byombi ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera. Ariko, uturemangingo tw'amaraso tutagira uturemangingo twavuzwe haruguru muri cytoplasme yatwo. Inyuguti "A" ikunze gusobanura "oya." Rero "uturemangingo tw'amaraso" bivuga ikintu kimeze nk'"uturemangingo tudafite uturemangingo."

Monocytes na lymphocytes ni ingero ebyiri z'izi agranulocytes. Zigira kandi uruhare runini mu mikorere y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Granulocytes ni abasirikare batagira icyo bavuga b’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wacu barwanya indwara zandura, ibintu bitera allergie, n’ibindi bintu bitera uburyaryate byinjira mu mibiri yacu. Iyo utwo turemangingo tw’amaraso turenda dukora neza, imibiri yacu ishobora kwikingira neza.

Ariko, niba umubiri wawe udakora granulocytes zihagije, cyangwa niba umubare wa granulocytes ari muto cyane cyangwa mwinshi cyane, bishobora kugaragaza indwara ikomeye y’inyuma.

Niba urwara kenshi, ukunze kwandura indwara, cyangwa ufite kimwe mu bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, nyamuneka gana muganga. Bashobora gukora ibizamini bikenewe, bakamenya impamvu, kandi bagateganya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Kwita ku buzima bwawe ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane!

Granulocytes , uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, indwara zandura, ibizamini by'amaraso, ibimenyetso, inama z'ubuzima, CBC, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils