Reka twige ibyerekeye sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu bwonko, sisitemu nziza igenzura ibyumviro n'ingendo by'umubiri wacu.

Ese wigeze wibaza uko ubona ibintu muri iyi si, uko ugenda n'amaguru yawe, no kugenda? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku buryo butangaje cyane buri mu mubiri wacu budufasha muri ibi byose. Ni sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mubiri . Ikora nk'intumwa itwara amakuru hirya no hino mu mubiri wacu. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo, uko ikora, n'uko idufitiye akamaro.

Sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu bwonko ya Somatic ni iki?

Mu magambo make, sisitemu yawe y'imitsi yo mu bwonko ni kimwe mu bigize sisitemu yawe y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'umubiri . Ni nk'urusobe rw'imitsi inyura mu mubiri wawe wose. Ni sisitemu ijyana ibintu wumva, nko gukoraho, guhumurirwa, uburyohe, n'amajwi, ku bwonko bwawe, kandi ni sisitemu ijyana amategeko ava mu bwonko bwawe akayajyana mu mitsi yawe kugira ngo igufashe kwimuka.

Tekereza gato, ni ukubera iyi mitsi yo mu bwonko ituma wumva ubushyuhe bw'igikombe gishyushye cya kawa, ni nako ushobora kumva igihe umubu ukuruma, kandi ni nako ushobora kuzamura ukuboko kwawe cyangwa kwimura ukuguru kwawe uko ubyifuza.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’imitsi yo mu bwonko ikora ku mubiri n’iy’umubiri ikora ku ruhu?

Hari ibice bibiri by'ingenzi by'imitsi yacu yo mu gice cy'inyuma. Kimwe ni sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mutwe (somatic nervous system) tuvuga, ikindi ni sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mutwe (autonomic nervous system ).

• Sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mubiri ifitanye isano n'ibintu dugenzura twitonze . Ni ukuvuga ibintu ushobora gukora ukoresheje ubwenge bwawe. Urugero, ushobora kuzamura ukuboko kwawe niba ubishaka, ushobora kuvuga, ushobora kugenda. Ibi biri munsi y'ubuyobozi bwawe.
• Sisitemu y'imitsi yigenga niyo igenzura ibintu bibaho mu buryo bwikora, tutanabitekerejeho . Ibintu nko guhumeka (ndetse no mu gihe dusinziriye), umuvuduko w'umutima, no gusya. Ntitugomba gutekereza kuri ibi bintu.

Nubwo ibi byombi ari bimwe mu bigize uturemangingo tw’imitsi yo mu gice cy’inyuma cy’umubiri wacu, bigabanyijemo ibice muri ubu buryo bitewe n’akazi bikora.

Ni iki kibera ku buryo bworoshye bwo kuvura indwara z'imitsi?

Iyi sisitemu ikora imirimo ibiri y'ingenzi.

1. Inzira yo Gukoresha Ibyumviro

Uretse kimwe mu byumviro byacu bitanu (ari byo kureba, kuko ijisho n'umutsi w'amaso bifitanye isano itaziguye n'ubwonko), ibindi byiyumviro byose bijya mu bwonko binyuze muri iyi sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu bwonko.

• Ibyumviro biri mu mutwe wawe - ni ukuvuga ibyo wumva (wumva), impumuro, uburyohe, n'uko uruhu ruri ku mutwe wawe rukora - byose bijya mu bwonko binyuze muri ubu buryo.
• Iyi sisitemu ni naho wumva umubiri wawe ukorakora munsi y'ijosi . Ibyo byiyumvo bibanza kugera mu ruti rw'umugongo, hanyuma bikava aho bijya mu bwonko.

Tekereza, wumva urusaku rw'inshuti yawe ikuvugisha, ukumva impumuro y'ibiryo nyoko arimo guteka, kandi ukumva uburyohe bwa ice cream byose ubifashijwemo n'ubu buryo bw'imitsi bwo mu mutwe.

2. Kugenzura ingendo

Imitsi iri mu mubiri waweIbimenyetso bigufasha kwimuka, gukoraho no kuvuga byoherezwa bivuye mu bwonko. Sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu bwonko itwara ibyo bimenyetso ibikuye mu bwonko ikabishyira mu mitsi.

Iyo uzamura ukuboko kwawe ubyitondeye, ukazamuka ingazi, cyangwa ugatera umupira, ubwonko butanga itegeko kuri ibi byose, ariko sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mubiri ni "umurongo w'umugozi" ujyana ayo mategeko ku mitsi.

Ni gute sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mubiri ifasha izindi ngingo z'imbere?

Ubu buryo bukunze kudufasha kumva ububabare mu ngingo z'umubiri wacu. Bitwa "ububabare bwo kurebwa." Ni ukuvuga ko nubwo ikibazo kiri ahantu hamwe, ububabare bwumvikana ahandi hantu hafi.

Urugero rwiza ni igihe umuntu arwaye indwara y'umutima maze akababara ukuboko kw'ibumoso, umugongo, urwasaya, cyangwa igifu. Impamvu imwe ni imiterere y'imitsi yacu.

Urundi rugero ni uburyo tugenzura guhumeka kwacu. Ubusanzwe, duhumeka mu buryo bwikora, bugenzurwa na sisitemu yigenga. Ariko niba tubishatse, dushobora no kugenzura guhumeka kwacu tubigambiriye, ni ukuvuga guhumeka no gusohora umwuka. Icyo gihe ni bwo sisitemu yo mu mubiri na yo ifasha.

Aha hantu ni he?

Sisitemu yawe y'imitsi yo mu bwonko ituruka mu bwonko ikagera mu mubiri wose binyuze mu ruti rw'umugongo.

• Umutwe n'ijosi: Ibi bikwirakwira mu mitsi yo mu mutwe . Iyi ni imitsi 12. 11 muri yo ifitanye isano n'uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z'umutima. Umutsi wa kabiri w'umutwe (CN II), uhuza amaso, mu by'ukuri ni igice cy'ubwonko, ntabwo ari uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z'umutima.
• Kuva mu ijosi kugeza hasi: Impande 31 z'imitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo ituruka mu ruti rw'umugongo ihujwe n'urwego rw'umubiri. Iyi mitsi igabanyijemo imitsi mito igenda mu mubiri wose.

Imwe muri iyi mitsi ni imitsi ikoresha ibyuma bireba . Itwara amakuru mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa: kuva ku mubiri kugera ku bwonko. Indi ni imitsi ikoresha ibyuma biyobora imikorere y'umubiri . Nanone itwara amakuru mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa: kuva ku bwonko kugera ku mitsi.

Iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe n'imitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo bikura mu mashami mato bigakwirakwira ahantu nko ku ntoki, ku mano, no munsi y'uruhu.

Ibi bisa bite?

Uturemangingo tw'imitsi yacu twose tumeze nk'igiti gihindukiye hasi .

• Ubwonko bumeze nk'umuzi w'igiti.
• Umugongo umeze nk'igiti cy'igiti.
• Uturemangingo tw’imitsi yo mu mpande – cyane cyane uturemangingo tw’imitsi two mu mubiri – tumeze nk’amashami n’imitsi y’igiti, bikwirakwira mu mubiri wose. Imitsi inyura munsi y’uruhu rwacu no ku mpera z’ingingo zacu ni nk’amashami mato cyane ku giti.

Ibi bikozwe n'iki?

Sisitemu yacu y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere, ni ukuvuga, hamwe n'iyindi sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu mubiri, igizwe n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'uturemangingo tw'imitsi n'imiterere yayo.

• Uturemangingo tw'imitsi:Izi ni uturemangingo tw’imitsi. Icyo zikora ni ugucunga ibimenyetso, zikabihinduramo imiterere ya shimi cyangwa amashanyarazi.
• Uturemangingo twa Glial: Utu ni uturemangingo tw’ingenzi mu mitsi. Nubwo tudatanga ibimenyetso, dufasha uturemangingo tw’ubwonko dutanga ibimenyetso.
• Nuclei: Izi ni amatsinda y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi dukora umurimo umwe cyangwa dufite aho duhurira.
• Ganglia: Aya ni amatsinda manini kandi afitanye isano rya hafi ry’uturemangingo tw’imitsi. Urugero, ganglia ya cochlear na vestibular, bidufasha kumva no kuringaniza.

Noneho reka turebe iby'ingenzi bibiri mu buryo burambuye.

Uturemangingo tw'imitsi - uturemangingo tw'imitsi

Uturemangingo (Neurons) ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo. Tuboneka gusa mu buryo bw'imitsi. Ni two twohereza kandi tukakira ibimenyetso mu mubiri wose. Ibi bimenyetso biza mu buryo bw'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi n'ibinyabutabire. Ibi bimenyetso bikoreshwa n'inzego zitandukanye mu mubiri kugira ngo zisangize. Uturemangingo (Neuron) dufite ibi bice:

• Umubiri w'ingirabuzimafatizo: Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cy'ingirabuzimafatizo. Aha niho ibimenyetso bitunganywa bikoherezwa mu bindi bice.
• Axon: Buri neuron ifite axon imwe. Ibi bimeze nk'ukuboko kurekure guturuka mu mubiri w'ingirabuzimafatizo. Ku mpera ya axon hari imiterere isa n'intoki. Aha niho ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bihindurwamo ibimenyetso bya shimi. Ibi bice bimeze nk'intoki, byitwa synapses, byohereza ibyo bimenyetso bya shimi ku tundi turemangingo tw'imitsi twegereye.
• Dendrites: Izi ni imiterere mito, isa n'amashami ituruka ku mubiri w'uturemangingo. (Izi zina rikomoka ku ijambo ry'ikilatini risobanura "nk'igiti"). Izi dendrites zakira ibimenyetso bya shimi bivuye kuri synapses hamwe n'izindi neuron.
• Myeline: Uru ni urugingo rw'ibinure ruto rukikije axons z'imitsi myinshi y'ubwonko. Rurinda axons kandi rufasha ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe kugenda vuba.

Uturemangingo tw’imitsi dufatanye, tugakora urusobe rugoye cyane, nk’urushundura. Uturemangingo tw’imitsi dushobora rimwe na rimwe guhuzwa n’izindi turemangingo ibihumbi. Uturemangingo tw’imitsi tuza mu burebure butandukanye. Dushobora gukura cyangwa kugabanuka bitewe n’aho duherereye n’icyo dukora.

Utunyangingo twa Glial

Uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo dukora akazi kenshi. Dufasha uturemangingo gukura no kwiyitaho tukiri bato. Nanone tunagenzura uko uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo dukora mu buzima bwacu bwose. Turinda uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo zacu kwandura, tugenzura uburyo uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo ...

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira iyi gahunda?

Twavuze ko sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu bwonko ari igice cy'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Kubwibyo, indwara igira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko yitwa peripheral neuropathy.Iyi gahunda yo mu mubiri ishobora no kugira ingaruka. Ibi bivuze ko uturemangingo tw’imitsi two mu gice cy’inyuma cy’umubiri tuba dufite indwara cyangwa twangiritse. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu z’ingenzi zibitera:

• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2: Diyabete idacunzwe ishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’imitsi two mu bwonko, cyane cyane imitsi yo mu maguru no mu birenge. Niyo mpamvu abantu barwaye diyabete bashobora gutakaza ibyiyumvo mu birenge byabo. Diyabete niyo mpamvu itera indwara y’imitsi yo mu bwonko.
• Indwara zo kwidakora k'umubiri no kubyimba: Urugero ni Guillain-Barré Syndrome .
• Ibibembe (indwara ya Hansen / Ibibembe): Nubwo iyi ndwara, idakunze kugaragara mu bihugu byateye imbere, ikunze kugaragara ku ruhu, ishobora no gukwirakwira mu mubiri ikangiza imitsi yo mu mubiri.
• Indwara z'ivuka n'iz'uturemangingo: Izi ni ibibazo bibaho igihe umuntu avuka. Indwara z'uturemangingo ni izo umwana avukana n'ababyeyi be.
• Kwandura: Kwangirika kw'imitsi bishobora guterwa na virusi nka VIH cyangwa bagiteri nka Borrelia burgdorferi, itera indwara ya Lyme . Urugero rusanzwe ni ububabare bw'imitsi budashira buterwa na shingles (rimwe na rimwe bita shingles).
• Imiti n'uburyo bwo kuvura: Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura kanseri (antibiyotike ) n'imiti ya chimiotherapie ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ishobora kwangiza ibice by'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Ubu bwoko bw'ibyangiritse by'imitsi bushobora no kubaho nk'ingaruka mbi zo kubagwa.
• Uburozi n'uburozi: Uburozi bukomeye nka mercure na lisade bushobora kwangiza ingirangingo z'imitsi zo mu mubiri, bigatera ibibazo byo kumva no kugenzura imitsi. Ibinyabutabire byinshi biva mu nganda nabyo bishobora kwangiza ubwoko bw'ubu bwoko.
• Ihungabana: Ibikomere byangiza imitsi bishobora gutera kwangirika kw'ingingo z'imitsi mu gihe kirekire, rimwe na rimwe bikaba burundu. Iyo imvune iteye kubyimba, ishobora no gutera imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere cy'imitsi. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome na Sciatica ni ingero z'indwara ziterwa n'ubu bwoko bw'imitsi ifunganye.
• Ibibyimba: Ibibyimba bibi byombi, ni ukuvuga kanseri , na kanseri idakomeye, bishobora guhungabanya uturemangingo tw'imitsi, bigahindura uburyo wumva cyangwa uburyo ugenzura imitsi yawe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'imitsi yo mu bwonko biterwa n'imitsi yangiritse.

Iyo imitsi y'umubiri yangiritse:

Uku ni ko bigira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe:

• Kubabara mu nda, kubabara mu nda, guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa kuzunguruka .
• Kugabanuka/kugabanuka kw'imitsi .
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ibintu .

Iyo imitsi y'ubwonko yangiritse:

Ibi bimenyetso biragaragara:

• Kubura uburyo bwo kumva ukozeho: Ibi bishobora gutuma wumva udafite ubushobozi bwo kumva, nk'aho wambaye uturindantoki. Ushobora kandi kumva ubushyuhe cyangwa guhindagura, ndetse ushobora no kutamenya ko ufite ikintu gishyushye. Iyo iki kibazo kigize ingaruka ku maboko cyangwa ibirenge byawe, ushobora kugorwa no kugenda, kugumana uburinganire, cyangwa gufata utuntu duto nk'ibiceri cyangwa imfunguzo.
• Kuryamira cyangwa gucika intege / Paresthesia: Ibi byitwa kandi "gufata udupira n'inshinge". Ni nk'aho ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru kwawe bicika intege.
• Ububabare bwo mu bwonko: Ubu bubabare bukunze kumvikana nk'ubushyuhe cyangwa ubukana bukabije mu gace kagize ikibazo. Ubu bubabare buterwa n'ibimenyetso bituruka ku mitsi yangiritse cyangwa idakora neza, ntabwo buterwa n'ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kibabaza icyo gihe. Ubu bubabare bushobora kuba bukomeye cyane ku buryo bigorana gusinzira neza cyangwa gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikunze gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'iyi sisitemu?

Hari ibizamini byinshi bishobora gufasha gusuzuma ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe yo mu bwonko. Akenshi, ikintu cya mbere uzakora ni ugusuzuma indwara z'imitsi . Muganga wawe azagusaba gukoresha ibice bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe, cyane cyane amaboko, amaguru, n'ibirenge, mu buryo bumwe na bumwe. Ibi bishobora kubafasha kumenya imitsi, aho iri mu mugongo, cyangwa igice cy'ubwonko kiri ikibazo.

Ibindi bizamini bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ibintu bitandukanye, kuva ku bibazo by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kugeza ku burozi, cyane cyane ibyuma nka mercure na lead.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): Ikizamini gipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko.
• EMG (Electromyogram) / Ikizamini cyo Gutwara Imitsi: Ikizamini gipima imikorere y'imitsi n'imitsi.
• Gupima imiterere y'umubiri: Cyane cyane iyo hari amakenga y'indwara yavutse ishobora kuragwa n'ababyeyi.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ikizamini gishobora gufata amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko, uruti rw'umugongo, n'izindi ngingo.

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura ibibazo by'imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Uburyo bwo kuvura ibibazo by’imitsi yo mu bwonko biterwa ahanini n’impamvu nyamukuru, izindi ndwara zose zijyanye nabyo, ndetse n’ibimenyetso byawe. Akenshi, kuvura impamvu nyamukuru y’ibibazo by’imitsi yo mu bwonko bishobora no kugabanya ingaruka ku mikorere y’umubiri.

Dore ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'ubuvuzi bushobora gukorwa:

• Imiti: Hari imiti myinshi ivura ibibazo by'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Iyi miti ishobora kuvura ibimenyetso nko kubabara, gutigita kw'imitsi, no kunyeganyega.
• Kubagwa: Ibi bishobora gutuma imitsi ikandamizwa n'ingingo zikikije cyangwa kubyimba, nko mu ndwara ya carpal tunnel syndrome.
• TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Never Stimulation): Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha amashanyarazi yoroshye kugira ngo hahagarike kohereza cyangwa kwakira ibimenyetso by'ububabare bivuye ku mitsi idakora neza.
• Gukuraho imitsi: Ubu buryo busaba kwangiza nkana imitsi idakora neza, bigatuma idashobora kohereza cyangwa kwakira ibimenyetso. Ubu buryo ni ingirakamaro ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'ububabare budakira.
• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Ibi bishobora kugufasha gukira imvune cyangwa uburyo bwo kwivuza, cyangwa kugabanya ibimenyetso by'ububabare. Bishobora kandi kugufasha kwiga kubaho, kumenyera, cyangwa kumenyera imimerere mishya cyangwa irushaho kuba mibi igira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo kwimuka cyangwa kubona isi ikukikije.
• Acupuncture: Ubu buryo, bukubiyemo gushyira inshinge nto mu ngingo runaka ku mubiri, ni igice kizwi cyane cy’ubuvuzi gakondo bw’Abashinwa. Ariko, ikoreshwa ryabwo mu buvuzi bwa none ririmo kwiyongera. Abaganga benshi (cyane cyane abaganga b’inzobere mu kuvura ububabare) bakoresha acupuncture mu kuvura abantu badashobora cyangwa badashaka gufata imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa indi miti.
• Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byo kwambara: Ibi birimo ibikoresho byo kwa muganga nk'imigozi yo gutemberamo, inkweto zo kugendamo, n'inkweto zabugenewe. Ibi bihura n'impinduka mu mubiri wawe kandi binagufasha gukora mu isi ikukikije.

Ni gute ibintu nk'ibi byakwirindwa?

Indwara nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe ishobora kwirindwa cyangwa ikagenzurwa. Nubwo zimwe mu ndwara zidashobora kwirindwa, ingaruka zazo akenshi zishobora gutinda cyangwa ubukana bwazo bukagabanuka. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde, ugenzure, cyangwa utinze ibi bibazo:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye: Kubura vitamine, cyane cyane vitamine B12, bishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw'imitsi. Izindi vitamine, cyane cyane B6, zishobora kuba uburozi iyo zikoreshejwe cyane.
• Komeza gukora siporo kandi ugire ibiro byiza: Ibi bizagufasha gukomeza kugira imbaraga no kwiyoroshya bihagije kugira ngo wirinde imvune nyinshi zishobora kwangiza imitsi yawe. Ibi bishobora kandi gufasha gukumira cyangwa gutinza indwara ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, cyane cyane niba unagenzura imirire yawe. Ibi bishobora gufasha gukumira cyangwa gutinza ingaruka za diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 ku mitsi yawe.
• Ambara ibikoresho by'umutekano: Gukomereka ni impamvu ikunze gutera kwangirika kw'imitsi, bityo ibikoresho by'umutekano ni ngombwa. Waba ukoresha ibi bikoresho ku kazi cyangwa mu kwishimisha, ibikoresho by'umutekano bishobora kugufasha kwirinda imvune cyangwa kugabanya ubukana bwabyo.
• Gucunga indwara: Ingorane z'ubuzima zidakira, nka diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, cyangwa izindi zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe, akenshi zishobora kuvurwa. Gucunga izi ndwara akenshi bivuze kubonana na muganga wawe buri gihe, gufata imiti, n'ibindi. Gucunga indwara bishobora gufasha gukumira cyangwa gutinza iterambere ry'indwara zidakira.

Sisitemu yawe y'imitsi yo mu mubiri ni sisitemu udatekereza gukoresha cyane, ariko ni ingenzi cyane. Ni muri iki gice cy'imitsi ubona amakuru yerekeye isi yo hanze - kuva ku bushyuhe bwo hanze kugeza ku mpumuro y'ibiryo ukunda.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Rero, ushobora kuba ubu usobanukiwe akamaro k'ubuso bwa somatic nervous system ku buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Niyo mpamvu tubona isi kandi tukagenda uko dushaka. Kwita kuri ubu buryo neza bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe muri rusange. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kugerageza kwirinda indwara zibigiraho ingaruka, kandi niba ufite iyo ndwara, uyicunge neza uko bishoboka kose. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa gushidikanya, ntukibagirwe gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Uturemangingo tw'imitsi two mu mutwe, uturemangingo tw'imitsi, uburyo bwo kumva, kugenda, indwara z'imitsi yo mu gice cy'inyuma , imikorere y'ubwonko, ubuzima bw'imitsi