Ese wari uzi iby'ubu "bwonko buto" (Cerebellum) buri inyuma y'umutwe? Reka tuganire!

Twese tuzi ko dufite ubwonko mu mutwe wacu. Ariko se wari uzi ko uretse ubwonko bwacu bunini, hari ikindi gice gito ariko cy'ingenzi cyane inyuma y'umutwe wacu? Ni cyo twita ubwonko buto, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babwita, "Cerebellum" . Iki ni urugingo rutangaje koko! Ese twabivugaho birambuye uyu munsi?

Ubwonko buto bwitwa ``(Cerebellum)'' ni iki? Buherereye he?

Muri make, ubwonko bwawe bw'inyuma ni igice cy'ubwonko bwawe. Buherereye inyuma y'umutwe wawe, hejuru gato y'aho umugongo wawe uhurira n'agahanga kawe. Ijambo ry'ikilatini "cerebellum" risobanura "ubwonko buto." Rero izina ubwaryo riguha igitekerezo gito ku bunini bwabwo. Abantu benshi batekereza ko dufite ubwonko bumwe mu mitwe yacu. Ariko ubwonko bwacu bugabanyijemo ibice byinshi by'ingenzi. Ushobora kuba warumvise iby'ubwonko bw'inyuma , cyangwa ubwonko bw'inyuma . Icyo ni cyo gice kinini cy'ubwonko bwacu. Ubwonko bw'inyuma buherereye munsi y'ubwonko bw'inyuma, inyuma y'umutwe.

None se ubwonko buto bukora iki?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi bamaze imyaka irenga magana abiri biga iby’ubwonko bw’ingirabuzimafatizo (cerebellum). Icyo gihe, batekerezaga ko inshingano yabwo nyamukuru ari uguhuza imitsi yacu . Ni ukuvuga ko idufasha kwimura amaboko n’amaguru, kugenda, no kwiruka neza. Tekereza ko ugerageza gukanda buto, cyangwa urimo kurambura ukuboko kugira ngo ufate igikombe. Ubu bwonko buto bugufasha gukora iyi mirimo yoroshye. Iyo ubwonko bw’umuntu bwangiritse, ashobora kugira ikibazo cyo guhagarara cyangwa kugenda, cyangwa ashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kurambura ukuboko kugira ngo afate ikintu, bigatuma ukuboko kwe kuzerera. Ariko ubu, tubifashijwemo n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho , twavumbuye ko ubwonko buto butabikora bwonyine. Hari byinshi!

• Kwiga ibintu bishya: Ubwonko buto buragufasha iyo wize ijambo rishya, ururimi rushya, cyangwa ubuhanga bushya, nko gutwara imodoka.
• Gupima intera n'ingano: Ibi bigufasha kandi kumenya ubunini cyangwa intera y'ikintu.
• Igihe: Ibi bidufasha gukoma amashyi ku gihe turirimba. Iyo umuntu wangiritse mu bwonko yasabwe gukomanga intoki ze ubudasiba, ashobora gukomanga ku muvuduko utandukanye, waba wihuta cyane cyangwa ugenda buhoro cyane.
• Amarangamutima n'ifatwa ry'ibyemezo:Igitangaje ni uko ubu byagaragaye ko ubwonko buto bufite uruhare mu kugenzura amarangamutima yacu n'uburyo dufata ibyemezo.

Abahanga mu bya siyansi baracyakora ubushakashatsi kuri ubwo bwonko buto, bagerageza gusobanukirwa neza n'indi mirimo bukora hamwe n'ibindi bice by'imitsi yacu.

Ese birashoboka kubaho udafite ubwonko buto?

Iki ni ikibazo kigoye gato. Hari indwara yitwa `(Cerebellar agenesis)` . Bivuze ko umuntu avuka adafite `(Cerebellum)`. Ariko ibi ni gake cyane. Igitangaje ni uko hari abantu bavukana iki kibazo batabarwa cyane. Bashobora kugenda no kubaho nk'uko bisanzwe. Ariko hari abantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye, kandi bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi ubuzima bwabo bwose. Nanone, abantu bangiritse kuri `(Cerebellum)` bitewe n'impanuka cyangwa indwara bararokoka. Ariko akenshi basigarana ibibazo by'igihe kirekire cyangwa bidashira.

Dore ibindi bintu bitangaje ugomba kumenya kuri ibi!

• Ububiko bwa `(Neuron)` ( neurons ): Uzi icyo `(Neuron)` ari cyo? Ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'ingirabuzimafatizo bugize sisitemu yacu yose y'imitsi , ni ukuvuga ubwonko, uruti rw'umugongo , n'indi mitsi yose. Igitangaje ni uko nubwo ubwonko bwacu bwose ari 10% gusa by'ingano, kimwe cya kabiri cya `(Neuron)` mu mubiri wose kiri muri aka `(Cerebellum)` gato! Ibyo bivuze ko ari ahantu huzuye cyane `(Neuron)`.
• Uburyo butangaje ipfundika: Utwo duce tw'ubwonko tugize `(Cerebellum)` tupfundika nk'agapira k'amakoridoni. Tekereza, iyo uyifunguye, imeze nk'agatambaro kanini gafite uburebure bwa metero imwe na santimetero 10 z'ubugari ! Uko ni ko ibintu byinshi biri inyuma y'umutwe w'umwana wawe.

Ibi bisa bite koko? Ibara, ingano, nibindi?

Iyi `(Cerebellum)` iherereye mu mutwe wacu, neza neza ku rwego rw'amatwi yacu. Iyo tuyirebye ugereranije n'ibindi bice by'ubwonko, iherereye munsi y'ubwonko ubwabwo, hejuru gato y'aho ijosi rihurira n'agahanga. Imiterere yayo isa n'uruziga. Iherereye hafi y'igice cy'ubwonko bwacu cyitwa igiti cy'ubwonko, gihuza ubwonko bwacu n'umugongo. Ushobora kubona imiyoboro itambitse, ni ukuvuga iminkanyari, ku buso bwayo kuva hejuru kugeza hasi. Ushobora kandi kwiyumvisha ko ifite iminkanyari nk'akajumba gato. Tuvuze ku ibara, ni ibara ryoroheje ry'umukara.. Mu bunini, `(Cerebellum)` y'umuntu mukuru isanzwe ifite ubugari bwa santimetero 11.5. Igice cyo hagati gifite uburebure bwa santimetero 3-4. Impande zifite uburebure bwa santimetero 5-6. Mu bunini, ubusanzwe ipima garama 136 na 169 (4.8 - 6 ounces).

None se ni izihe ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka kuri ubwo bwonko buto?

Mu by’ukuri, indwara iyo ari yo yose ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko bwacu ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku "Cerebellum". Zimwe mu ndwara z’ingenzi zigaragara ni izi:

• `(Ataxia)`: Ibi bifatwa nk'ikimenyetso ndetse n'itsinda ry'indwara. Muri make, ni ukubura uburyo bwo guhuza ibikorwa.
• Indwara zo mu nda: Izi ni indwara zibaho igihe umuntu avuka. Urugero, indwara yitwa "Chiari malformation".
• Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri n'indwara zo kubyimba: Urugero ni `( Multiple Sclerosis )`.
• Indwara z'uturemangingo : Izi ni indwara zibaho igihe umuntu avuka kandi zituruka ku babyeyi. Urugero, `(indwara ya Wilson)`.
• Indwara : Indwara ziterwa n'ibintu nka bagiteri , virusi, udukoko, n'ibihumyo.
• Kubura Vitamine n'ibibazo by'imirire: Kubura Vitamine, cyane cyane Vitamine B12, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko.
• Indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke).
• Kanseri.
• `(Agenesis ya Cerebellar)`: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, kuvuka nta `(Cerebellum)`.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ikibazo cya cerebellum?

Iyo hari ikibazo kigize ingaruka ku bwonko, ibimenyetso bitandukanye bishobora kugaragara. Bimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara birimo:

• Dysarthria: Indwara aho amagambo avugwa nabi kandi bikagorana kuvuga neza. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'ibibazo biri mu bwonko.
• `(Ataxia): Ibi ni ukubura uburyo bwo guhuza ibikorwa. Ibi bishobora gutuma umubiri wumva unaniwe, udashoboye kugenzura, ugatakaza uburinganire no kugwa, kandi bikagorana gukoresha amaboko yombi mu gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.
• Kuzungera.
• Kurema: Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye by'umubiri.
• Gutigita cyangwa gutitira: Iyo imitsi ibuze guhuza neza, ibice by'umubiri, cyane cyane amaboko, bishobora gutitira.
• Ibibazo byo kureba: Indwara yo mu bwonko ifasha kugenzura amaso yacu no gufasha ubwonko bwacu gusobanura ibyo tubona. Rero iyo ibi bibayeho, ibibazo byo kureba nka diplopia (kubona amashusho abiri icyarimwe) bishobora kubaho.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba wumva ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza cyane kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma ubuzima bw'uyu muntu?

Hariho ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo hamenyekane neza indwara zigira ingaruka ku bwonko. Bimwe muri byo ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bishobora kumenya ibintu byose uhereye ku bibazo by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kugeza ku burozi bwinjiye mu mubiri, cyane cyane ibyuma nka umuringa.
• Gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo: Ibi bifasha gusuzuma indwara zimwe na zimwe zikomoka ku imiterere y'uturemangingo.
• Ishusho ya Magnetic Resonance (MRI): Ibi ni nko gufata ifoto y'imbere mu bwonko bwacu kugira ngo urebe niba hari impinduka, ikibyimba, cyangwa ibyangiritse.
• Gupfuka umugongo / Gupfuka mu kibuno: Ibi bishobora kumenya indwara n'indwara zo kubyimba mu mazi akikije ubwonko.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zifata ubwonko bushingiye ku bwoko bw'indwara. Ni ukuvuga ko uburyo bwo kuvura butandukanye bitewe n'impamvu. Urugero, indwara ya bagiteri ishobora gusaba imiti yica udukoko. Ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko gishobora gusaba imirasire cyangwa imiti ivura indwara ya kanseri. Kubwibyo, nta buryo bumwe bwo kuvura bushobora kubaho.

Ibintu dushobora gukora kugira ngo ubwonko bwacu bukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza!

Hari ibintu bike byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kwa '(Cerebellum)' yacu, cyangwa ngo twirinde indwara ziyitera. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

• Kurya indyo yuzuye: Iyo vitamine zimwe na zimwe zibuze, cyane cyane Vitamine B12 , ubwonko bwacu bushobora kugira ingaruka no guteza ibibazo bikomeye. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kurya indyo yuzuye kandi yuzuye.
• Ntukirengagize indwara: Vura kandi ukize zimwe mu ndwara, cyane cyane indwara z'amaso, vuba, kuko iyo indwara nk'izo zigeze mu bwonko, zishobora kuba mbi cyane ndetse zikanashyira ubuzima mu kaga.
• Koresha imiti nk'uko byategetswe: Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko bwacu, ni ukuvuga "Cerebellum". Kubwibyo, fata imiti neza nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse, mu gipimo gikwiye. Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya bifitanye isano n'ubwonko, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya.
• Ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda igihe bibaye ngombwa:Gukomereka ku mutwe no ku ijosi ryo hejuru bishobora kwangiza ubwonko. Kubwibyo, ushobora kurinda ubwonko bwawe wambaye ibikoresho byo kwirinda nk'ingofero mu gihe ukora, ukina, ndetse no mu gihe ukina siporo.

Rero, ikintu cy'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka!

Ushobora kuba usobanukiwe neza akamaro k'ubu '(Cerebellum)', "ubwonko bwacu buto",. Iki ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'ubwonko bwacu. Uko abahanga mu bya siyansi barushaho kuvumbura byinshi kuri bwo, ni ko akamaro kabwo karushaho gusobanuka.

Wibuke ko nubwo `(Cerebellum)` yacu ari nto, serivisi itanga ni nini cyane!

Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi, abaganga ubu barashobora gusuzuma no kuvura indwara nyinshi zifata "Cerebellum". Ariko, hagomba gukorwa ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwa siyansi kugira ngo havumburwe amabanga yose y'iki gice gito cy'ubwonko ariko gifite imbaraga nyinshi. Kubwibyo, ni inshingano zacu kwita kuri iki gice gitangaje cy'umubiri wacu no kugerageza kukibungabunga neza.

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Ubwiherero, ubwonko, imikorere y'ubwonko, kugenzura ingendo, kuringaniza, uturemangingo tw'imitsi, indwara z'ubwonko, (Ubwiherero)