Ketones ni iki? Ese zishobora kuba mbi iyo ziyongera mu mubiri wawe?

Wigeze wumva iby’uturemangingo (ketones)? Wenda bivuye kwa muganga, cyangwa ku nshuti yawe, cyangwa niba uri umuntu urwaye Diyabete Mellitus, ugomba kuba ubizi. Uyu munsi, turaganira ku byo utu turemangingo ari byo mu by’ukuri, niba ari byiza cyangwa bibi ku mubiri wacu, n’uko bigenda iyo twiyongera, mu buryo bworoshye ushobora gusobanukirwa. Nta kintu cyo gutinya, reka dusobanukirwe byose neza.

Ketones ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, ketones ni ubwoko bwa aside umubiri wawe ukora. Zikorwa iyo umubiri wawe ukoresheje ibinure aho gukoresha glucose kugira ngo ubone ingufu. Tekereza nawe, umubiri wacu ukeneye ingufu kugira ngo ukore. Izi ngufu zikomoka ahanini kuri glucose. Glucose ni ubwoko bw'isukari. Imibiri yacu ibona iyi glucose mu biribwa turya birimo karubohidrati, urugero nk'umuceri, umugati, n'ibirayi.

None se, niba ku mpamvu runaka umubiri wawe udashobora kubona isukari ihagije yo gutanga ingufu, ukora iki? Ijya ku ihitamo rya kabiri. Ni ukuvuga ko itwika ibinure bibitswe mu mubiri kugira ngo bikore ingufu. Iyo utwitse ibinure muri ubu buryo, ketone bodies ikorwa nk'ibikomoka kuri iyo ketone. Izi ketone zirundanya mu maraso, zigakwirakwira mu mubiri wose, kandi zigatanga ingufu ku ngingo zitandukanye. Nyuma y'ibyo, ketone zisigaye zisohoka mu nkari zawe.

Ubusanzwe, kugira ketone mu maraso yawe si ikibazo, kandi si akaga. Ibi biterwa nuko ari ibisanzwe ko imibiri yacu ikoresha ibinure mu gutanga ingufu iyo bikenewe.

Ariko, iyo ingano ya ketones yiyongereye cyane, ishobora guteza akaga. Amaraso yawe ahinduka aside kandi akaba uburozi. Iyi ndwara yitwa ketoacidosis. Niba urwaye diyabete, ushobora kurwara indwara yitwa Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), iterwa no kwiyongera kwa ketones. Ibi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga iyo bitavuwe neza. Rero ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri se ketones zigira mu mibiri yacu?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ketones ni ubwoko bw'ingufu zitanga ingufu ku bwonko n'umubiri mu gihe isoko nyamukuru y'ingufu z'umubiri wacu, glucose, itaboneka, yaba iri hasi, cyangwa itaraboneka. Tekereza ketones nk' "ingufu z'inyongera" z'umubiri wawe. Zitangira iyo umurongo mukuru uciwe.

Ubusanzwe, isukari ikomoka ku byo turya, kandi hifashishijwe imisemburo ya insuline, yinjira mu turemangingo ikabyara ingufu, cyangwa ikabikwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe nyuma.

Ariko, iyo utariye karubohidrati ihagije, umubiri wawe ujya mu mimerere yitwa ketosis. Muri iyi mimerere, umubiri utwika ibinure kugira ngo ubone ingufu, maze ketone zigasohoka. Izi ketone zitanga ingufu ku turemangingo n'ingingo kandi zigafasha umubiri gukora neza. Ketosis ni inzira isanzwe. Urugero:

• Mu gihe usinziriye.
• Iyo uri kwiyiriza ubusa.
• Iyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Iyo uri kuri gahunda yo kurya indyo ya keto.

Reka tuvuge gato ku ndyo ya Keto.

Abantu bafata indyo ya keto bagabanya nkana karubohidrati zabo bakarya ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi. Ibi bituma imibiri yabo itwika ibinure byinshi. Hari inyungu zimwe na zimwe ku buzima bwo kugera kuri ketose muri ubu buryo, ariko bizatandukana bitewe n'uko ubuzima bwawe bumeze. Kubwibyo, ugomba kuvugana na muganga mbere yo gutangira indyo nk'iyo. Kubera ko itera impinduka zikomeye mu mubiri, ntabwo ikwiriye buri wese. Nanone, indyo ya keto ni indyo igabanya cyane, bityo bishobora kugorana kuyikurikiza igihe kirekire.

Ni hehe hakorerwa ketones?

Ketosis ni inzira ibera mu mwijima wawe. Umwijima ukora ketones hanyuma akazirekura mu maraso. Izi ketones zinyura mu maraso kugira ngo zitange ingufu mu mubiri wose. Iyo zirangiye, zisohoka mu nkari.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora guterwa na ketones?

Gusobanukirwa ketones no kugenzura urugero rwa ketones zawe ni ingenzi cyane cyane niba urwaye diyabete, cyane cyane diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1. Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ni indwara umubiri wawe udashobora gukora insuline, imisemburo ifasha umubiri wawe gukoresha isukari kugira ngo ubone ingufu.

Iyo ugize ibibazo kuri insuline, isukari mu maraso yawe ishobora kwiyongera cyane (hyperglycemia), kandi ketone zishobora kwiyongera mu maraso yawe. Ibi nibyo bitera ketoacidosis ya diyabete (DKA). DKA ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, ariko ishobora no kugaragara ku bantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.

Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kunywa inzoga bafite ibyago byo kurwara indwara yitwa alcohol ketoacidosis. Abantu banywa inzoga nyinshi, cyane cyane abanywa inzoga buri gihe kandi bakaruka, kandi batarya neza, bashobora kugira urugero rwa ketone ruri hejuru cyane. Kimwe na DKA, iyi ndwara ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi gisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uko umuntu afite ketone nyinshi mu mubiri?

Niba urwaye diyabete kandi ukagira ibimenyetso bikurikira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya, cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ETU) .

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bisa n'iby'isukari nyinshi mu maraso (hyperglycemia):

• Kwihagarika inkari kenshi.
• Kumva mfite inyota nyinshi.
• Kuma mu kanwa no kubura amazi.
• Uruhu rwumye.
• Umutwe.

Iyo itavuwe, DKA ishobora gukomera vuba (mu masaha 24 cyangwa munsi yayo). Ibimenyetso bya DKA ikomeye birimo:

• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Umunaniro ukabije udashira ndetse na nyuma yo kuruhuka.
• Kubabara mu nda.
• Guhumeka nabi.
• Urujijo.
• Impumuro y'imbuto mu mwuka (rimwe na rimwe yitwa "keto breath").

Ni gute upima urugero rwa ketone? Ni ibihe bipimo biboneka?

Ibikoresho byo gupima urugero rwa ketone biraboneka muri farumasi cyangwa ushobora kubitumiza kuri interineti. Niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara DKA, baza muganga wawe ikizamini cyiza ku buzima bwawe. Ni byiza kugira agakoresho ko gupima kugira ngo ubashe gukora vuba niwabona ibimenyetso bya DKA.

Gupima amaraso

Ushobora gupimwa amaraso kwa muganga, cyangwa ukagura agakoresho ushobora gukoresha mu rugo. Agakoresho ko mu rugo akenshi karimo gutobora urushinge ruto kugira ngo ubone igitonyanga cy'amaraso. Gashyirwa ku gakoresho ko gupima hanyuma kagasomwa kuri metero. Agakoresho ko gupima kagaragaza urugero rw'amaraso yawe muri iki gihe.

Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bya glukometero bishobora gupima urugero rw'isukari mu maraso n'urugero rwa ketone. Niba ufite kimwe, ntugomba gukora ikizamini gitandukanye.

Ibipimo by'inkari

Ibizamini by'inkari akenshi biba birimo agace k'ibizamini. Unyara mu gikoresho, ugashyiramo agace, hanyuma ugategereza ko gahinduka ibara. Ibizamini by'inkari bifite imbonerahamwe y'amabara igaragaza urwego rutandukanye. Ugereranya ibara ry'agace k'ibizamini byawe n'imbonerahamwe y'amabara.

Bitandukanye n'ikizamini cy'amaraso, ikizamini cy'inkari ntigishobora kukubwira neza urugero rw'uturemangingo twa ketone muri iki gihe . Ariko, gishobora kukubwira uko urugero rw'uturemangingo twa ketone rwari rumeze mu masaha make ashize .

Ibipimo bya Breathalyzer

Bamwe mu bantu bakoresha indyo ya keto bakoresha ibinyabutabire bikoreshwa mu ntoki kugira ngo barebe urugero rwa ketone bafite. Ibi binyabutabire bishobora kubona ubwoko bwa ketone yitwa acetone. Ariko ubu buryo buracyari bushya. Abashakashatsi bagomba kubyiga cyane mbere yuko bifatwa nk'ibizamini byizewe kandi by'ukuri.

Abantu bafite ibyago byo kurwara DKA ntibagomba kwishingikiriza ku cyuma gitanga umwuka kugira ngo barebe urugero rw'uturemangingo twa ketone bafite.

Ibisubizo by'ibipimo bya ketone bivuze iki?

Kumenya urugero rwa ketone yawe bishobora kugufasha kumenya niba uri mu kaga ko kurwara DKA no kumenya niba ukeneye gufata ingamba zihuse kugira ngo ugabanye urugero rwa ketone yawe. Urugero rwa ketone rushobora gutandukana bitewe n'ikizamini ukoze. Nanone, igipimo cya ketone gifatwa nk'igisanzwe cyangwa kiri hejuru gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi.

Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo itanga ubuyobozi rusange bw'icyo urugero rwa ketone mu maraso yawe rusobanura ugereranyije n'ibyago byawe byo kurwara DKA, n'ingamba ugomba gufata. (Reba muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama zihariye kuri ibi.)

• Ubusanzwe munsi ya 0.6 mmol/L: Iki ni igipimo gisanzwe.
• 0.6 kugeza 1.5 mmol/L: Urugero rwa ketone rwawe ruri hejuru gato. Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe. Bashobora kugusaba kongera gupima mu masaha make.
• Kuva kuri 1.6 kugeza kuri 2.9 mmol/L:Urugero rwa ketone rwawe ruri hejuru. Ushobora kuba uri mu kaga ko kurwara DKA. Hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.
• 3.0 mmol/L cyangwa irenga: Urugero rwa ketone rwawe ruri hejuru cyane. Ukeneye ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga. Jya kwa muganga ako kanya.

Ni ryari ugomba kugenzura urugero rwa ketone mu mubiri wawe?

Niba urwaye diyabete, muganga wawe azakugira inama ku gihe n'inshuro ugomba kugenzura urugero rwa ketone mu mubiri wawe. Azakubwira kugenzura muri ibi bihe:

• Iyo ufite ibimenyetso bya DKA.
• Ndetse n'igihe urwaye cyangwa wakomeretse.
• Niba warabuze inshinge imwe cyangwa nyinshi za insuline.
• Niba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe ruri hejuru ya 240 mg/dl (miligarama/desilita).
• Niba utwite. (Gucunga urugero rwa insuline mu gihe utwite bishobora kugorana. Niba urwaye diyabete, ugomba kwitondera cyane urugero rwa insuline na ketone mu gihe utwite.)

Bigenda bite iyo urugero rwa ketone rwiyongereye?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, iyo urugero rwa ketone ruri hejuru, amaraso yawe ashobora kuba aside nyinshi kandi akaba uburozi. Ibi nibyo bibaho muri ketoacidosis. Ketoacidosis ya diyabete (DKA) ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane ya ketoacidosis.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura urugero rw'imibiri ya ketone ruri hejuru?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uburyo urugero rwa ketone mu mubiri wawe ruri hejuru. Muganga wawe azagufasha kugufasha mu ntambwe ushobora gufata mu rugo kugira ngo ugabanye urugero rwawe mbere yuko ruzamuka cyane. Ashobora kukugira inama yo gukora ibintu nk'ibi:

• Ingano ya insuline yo gufata.
• Ingano y'ibiribwa byo kurya n'amazi yo kunywa (n'ubwoko bw'ibiribwa).
• Urwego rw'ibikorwa by'umutekano.
• Ni kangahe nkwiye gusuzuma urugero rw'isukari n'ibice bya ketone mu maraso yanjye?
• Ni ku rugero rungana iki rw'isukari n'ibice bya ketone mu maraso ugomba kujya kwa muganga (cyangwa kujya kwa muganga wita ku buzima)?

Kuvurwa mu bitaro birimo gutanga amazi yo mu mutwe (IV fluids) na insuline kugira ngo ugabanye urugero rwa ketone mu mubiri wawe.

Ni gute wakwirinda ko urugero rwa ketone rukomeza kuba mu rugero rutekanye?

Niba ubona ko ufite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura DKA, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo bafate ingamba zo kuyirinda.

• Komeza gahunda ya buri munsi igufasha kugenzura urugero rwa ketone mu mubiri wawe. Injira mu ngeso igufasha kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe kandi igufashe kugenzura urugero rwa insuline. Ibi bizagabanya ibyago byo kugira ketone nyinshi. Vugana na muganga wawe wa diyabete kugira ngo agufashe guhitamo ikitagenda neza.
• Niba ukoresha ipompo ya insuline, vugana n'itsinda ryita ku barwayi ba diyabete ku buryo bwo kwirinda DKA. Gusobanukirwa uburyo ipompo yawe itanga insuline, uburyo bwo kumenya imikorere mibi ya pompe, no kugira gahunda yihutirwa bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara DKA mu gihe ukoresha ipompo ya insuline.
• Menya urwego rwawe (n'igihe cyo gupima).Menya urugero rw'uturemangingo twa ketone usanzwe ufite n'igihe ukwiye gufata ingamba zo kugabanya. Vugana na muganga wawe igihe ukwiye gupima uturemangingo twa ketone (urugero, niba ufite imvune cyangwa ubwandu).
• Itegure. Shyira agakoresho ko gupima ketone hafi niba ufite ibimenyetso bya DKA. Fatanya na muganga wawe kugira ngo mufate gahunda y'icyo wakora niba ketone zawe zirenze urugero. Ni ngombwa kumenya igihe cyo guhamagara muganga wawe n'igihe cyo kujya kwa muganga wita ku buzima.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Akenshi, ketones zifasha mu buryo bucecetse iyo imibiri yacu idashobora kubona ingufu zihagije zituruka kuri glucose. Ariko, niba urugero rwa ketones ruri hejuru kandi urwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, ugomba kubyitaho cyane. Vugana na muganga wawe icyo wakora niba urugero rwa ketones ruri hejuru. Kora gahunda yo kugumana ketones zawe ku rwego rwiza kugira ngo wirinde ingorane nka DKA. Ubuzima bwawe buri mu maboko yawe!

Ketones , diyabete, ketoacidosis, DKA, isukari mu maraso, ingufu, gutwika ibinure