Ese nawe uhura n'ikibazo cyo kutumva uko ugenda usaza? (Presbycusis) Reka tubiganireho!

Ese hari igihe uba ugomba gusaba umuntu "kongera kuvuga" mu gihe udashobora kumva icyo avuga neza? Cyangwa ugomba kongera ijwi rya televiziyo gato? Wenda ntushobora kumva amajwi make nk'inyoni ziririmba cyangwa ijwi ry'isaha y'intabaza nkuko wabikoraga mbere. Ibi ni ibimenyetso bisanzwe bigaragaza ko kumva kwacu kugenda kugabanuka buhoro buhoro uko umuntu asaza. Ubuganga butwita ' presbycusis '. Mu magambo make, iki ni ikibazo cyo kutumva kigenda gikemuka uko umuntu asaza . Kigira ingaruka ku bantu benshi ku isi yose. Mu by'ukuri, bivugwa ko abantu babiri kuri batatu barengeje imyaka 70 bafite iki kibazo. Ubu nta muti wuzuye uhari, ariko hamwe n'ibintu nk'ibikoresho byo kumva, dushobora kugenzura iki kibazo ku rugero runini no kubona ubufasha bwo kumva neza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya presbycusis?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko utumva neza nkuko wabikoraga mbere. Ibi bimenyetso ntibigaragara icyarimwe, ahubwo bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro. Niba urimo kubona kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyo kubura amatwi bitewe n'izabukuru:

• Kudashobora kumva amajwi yoroheje cyane, nk'indirimbo z'inyoni cyangwa ijwi ry'isaha y'intabaza. Tekereza, uramutse ubyutse mu gitondo wumva ijwi ry'inyoni iririmba, ubu ntucyumva na gato.
• Iyo uganira kuri telefoni, ureba televiziyo, cyangwa wumva ikintu kuri mudasobwa , akenshi ugomba kongera ijwi. Abandi bantu mu rugo bashobora gutekereza ko ijwi ryumvikana cyane.
• Kumva uhora wumva amajwi atandukanye mu matwi. Z… Ijwi rirenga cyangwa rirenga. Ibi kandi tubyita tinnitus .
• Bishobora kugorana kumva neza icyo umuntu avuga ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, nko mu birori cyangwa muri resitora, aho urusaku ruri hejuru. Amagambo ashobora gusa n'aho asa n'aho avanze kandi yumvikana nabi.

Kuki kubura amatwi bibaho gutya? Ni izihe mpamvu zitera presbycusis?

Presbycusis mu by’ukuri ni ukubura amatwi guterwa no kwangirika kw’uturemangingo two mu gutwi kwacu. Abaganga babyita ukubura amatwi kw’ibyiyumviro . Hari ibintu byinshi by’ingenzi bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri iyi ndwara:

• Amateka y'umuryango: Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe, urugero nka mama wawe, so, nyogokuru, cyangwa sogokuru, wagize ikibazo cyo kutumva ubwo yakuraga, nawe ushobora kuba uri mu kaga. Ibi bishobora kuba ari umurage.
• Ingaruka mbi z'imiti imwe n'imwe (Ototoxicity): Hari imiti imwe n'imwe, iyo ikoreshejwe buri gihe, ishobora kwangiza uturemangingo two mu matwi yacu y'imbere bigatuma twumva nabi. Ibi byitwa ototoxicity . Kubwibyo, ugomba kwitonda mugihe ukoresha indi miti itari iyatanzwe na muganga.
• Guhura n'urusaku rwinshi:Abantu bakora ahantu harangwa urusaku igihe kirekire, cyangwa abahora bumva umuziki ku ijwi rirenga bakoresheje ecouteur, bashobora kugira ibibazo byo kumva vuba. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva giterwa n'urusaku (urusaku ruterwa n'urusaku) bashobora kurwara indwara ya presbycusis, indwara ibaho uko bakura . Tekereza, uramutse ukoreye mu ruganda rufite imashini zigira amajwi menshi kuva ukiri muto, cyangwa uramutse uhora hafi y'abavuga mu bitaramo by'umuziki, bishobora kukugiraho ingaruka.

Uretse izi mpamvu nyamukuru, hari izindi ndwara ubushakashatsi bwasanze zifitanye isano no kubura amatwi uko tugenda dusaza. Izo ndwara zirimo:

• Indwara z'umutima, cyane cyane indwara y'imitsi ifata umutima (CAD) .
• Diyabete (Diabete Mellitus) .
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension) .
• Indwara zimeze nk'iz'imitsi.

Izi ndwara zishobora kwangiza uburyo amaraso anyura mu gutwi imbere, ibyo bikaba byanatera ububabare bwo kutumva.

Ni izihe ngorane zindi zishobora guterwa n'iyi ndwara?

Presbycusis si ukubura amatwi gusa. Iyo ufite ikibazo cyo kumva icyo umuntu avuga, ushobora kumva uhangayitse cyangwa ufite ubwoba bwo kuganira n'abandi. Gusaba kwibaza uti "Uvuze iki?" inshuro nyinshi bishobora gutera isoni. Ibi bishobora gutuma bamwe mu bantu bitandukanya na sosiyete bakagerageza kuba bonyine. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyi ndwara ishobora gutera ibi bikurikira:

• Kwigunga mu bandi.
• Ubwinshi bw'ibyago byo kurwara ibibazo byo mu mutwe nko kugira ikibazo cyo guhangayika cyangwa kwiheba .

Tekereza, inshuti zawe ziseka ikintu gisekeje, ariko ntucyumva neza kandi ntushobora guseka. Ibyo byagutera agahinda, si byo?

Ni gute presbycusis ipimwa?

Niba ubona ko ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva, banza urebe muganga w’umuryango wawe (umuganga w’ibanze). Azagusuzuma amatwi.

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Muganga azareba mu matwi yawe kugira ngo arebe niba igituza cy'amatwi yawe cyangiritse, cyabyimbye, cyangwa cyanduye. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe igikoresho gito cyitwa otoscope . Gifite lenzi ikuza ifite urumuri.
• Ibizamini byo kumva: Hanyuma, muganga wawe azakujyana kwa muganga w’amatwi, umuganga w’amatwi , uzakora ibizamini bitandukanye byo kumva. Ikizamini nyamukuru gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma presbycusis ni ikizamini cy’ijwi ry’umuntu.Ibi bivuze ko wambara ecouteurs kandi ukumva amajwi ku bunini butandukanye (pitch) n'ingano y'ijwi. Ibi bigufasha kumenya ijwi rituje cyane ushobora kumva.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa presbycusis?

Yego, nyuma y'ibizamini byakozwe n'umuhanga mu by'amatwi, ushobora kubwirwa ubwoko bwa presbycusis ufite. Uku gushyira mu byiciro biterwa n'igice cy'imbere mu gutwi kwawe cyangiritse. Kugira ngo usobanukirwe ubwo bwoko, ni byiza kumenya bike ku mikorere y'amatwi yacu y'imbere n'uko twumva.

• Ugutwi kwacu kw'imbere kurimo igice gisa n'ikinyamushongo cyitwa cochlea . Imbere muri byo hari uturemangingo duto duto tumeze nk'ubwoya twitwa stereocilia .
• Iyo utwo tunyangingo tw’umusatsi twumvise ijwi riturika riva mu gutwi kwacu ko hagati, tuyihinduramo amashanyarazi maze tukayohereza mu mitsi yacu yo kumva .
• Uyu mutsi wo kumva uhuza amatwi yacu n'ubwonko. Ubwonko bwakira ibyo bimenyetso bukabisobanura nk'amajwi.

Noneho reka turebe ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa presbycusis:

1. Kurwara indwara yo kumva: Ibi bibaho iyo uturemangingo tw'umusatsi two hanze muri Organ of Corti, duherereye mu nsi ya cochlea, twabuze.

2. Imitsi yo mu bwonko: Kugira ngo twumve neza, uturemangingo tw’imitsi yo mu bwonko n’inzira y’amatwi igana mu bwonko bigomba gukora neza. Uko tugenda dusaza, uturemangingo tw’imitsi dushobora kugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Iri ni ryo zina ryitwa ubumuga bwo kutumva buterwa n’ibyo.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bw'ingenzi kandi bukunze gukoreshwa mu kuvura presbycusis ni ukwambara ibikoresho by'ubwumvire. Ibikoresho by'ubwumvire byongera amajwi mu kirere cyo hanze bikayageza mu matwi yacu. Ariko, ibikoresho by'ubwumvire ntibishobora gukiza burundu ikibazo cyangwa ngo bigarure uburyo bwo kumva bwatakaye. Ariko, bishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane mu gukora imirimo ya buri munsi no kuvugana n'abandi.

Ese uburyo bwo kuvura butandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bwa presbycusis?

Oya, ubusanzwe ibikoresho byo kuvura abafite ubumuga bwo kutumva ni byo bikunze kugirwa inama yo kuvura ubwoko bwose bw'indwara. Ariko, iyo umuganga amenye ubwoko bw'indwara ufite, ashobora kumenya uburyo indwara izagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe. Urugero, umuntu ufite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe butuma umuntu yumva neza ashobora kugorwa no kumva imvugo, cyangwa se agahitamo kuvuga .

Bizagenda bite iyo ngize iyi ndwara?

Presbycusis ni indwara ikomeza kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita.Ibi bivuze ko mu myaka mike, kumva kwawe gushobora kugabanukaho gato ugereranyije n'uko bimeze uyu munsi. Ariko, nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo. Iki kibazo gishobora kwitabwaho neza hakoreshejwe ibikoresho by'ubutabazi. Abantu benshi batakaza amatwi yabo uko bakura babaho neza muri ubu buryo.

Ese presbycusis ishobora kwirindwa?

Nk’uko gusaza bidashobora guhagarara, biragoye no gukumira burundu iki kibazo. Ni igice gisanzwe cy’ibikorwa byo gusaza. Ariko, hari ibyo dushobora gukora kugira ngo tugenzure umuvuduko w’ububabare bwo kutumva, cyangwa tugabanye ubukana bw’icyo kibazo:

• Koresha utumashini two guterura amatwi cyangwa ibindi bikoresho birinda umuntu ahantu hari urusaku rwinshi. Urugero, niba ugiye mu gitaramo cy'umuziki cyangwa ukorera ahakorerwa imirimo y'ubwubatsi.
• Umva televiziyo na radiyo ijwi rigabanutse. Ntugashyire hejuru ijwi cyane, cyane cyane iyo wumva umuziki cyangwa ureba filime ukoresheje ecouteur.
• Niba udashobora kwirinda urusaku rwinshi, guma kure yarwo uko bishoboka kose. Urugero, niba ugiye mu gitaramo udafite utwuma two guterura amatwi, guma kure gato y'indangururamajwi.
• Niba unywa itabi, rekera aho. Kunywa itabi bigira ingaruka ku mitemberere y'amaraso ndetse no ku kutumva. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo n'abanywa itabi bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kutumva bakiri bato kurusha abandi. Niba ukeneye ubufasha bwo kureka kunywa itabi, gana muganga.
• Irinde ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Impuguke zizera ko hari isano iri hagati y’indwara nk’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, diyabete, indwara z’umutima no kubura amatwi. Kubwibyo, kwirinda izi ndwara bishobora no gufasha mu kugenzura kubura amatwi.

Nitwara nte?

Nubwo ibikoresho byo kumva bishobora kugufasha kumva neza, ibyo kumva ntibishobora kugaruka. Kubwibyo, kubaho ufite ikibazo cyo kumva, ndetse no mu bikoresho byo kumva, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ingorabahizi. Dore izindi nama zo guhangana n'iki kibazo:

• Bwira abandi ikibazo cyawe: Bwira umuryango wawe, inshuti zawe, n'abo mukorana ko ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva. Hanyuma bashobora kugufasha. Urugero, bashobora kukwitegereza mu maso iyo bakuvugisha kandi bakagerageza kuvuga neza.
• Rinda amatwi yawe: Presbycusis ishobora kwiyongera bitewe n'urusaku rwinshi, bityo rero menya neza ko wambaye uturindantoki igihe cyose uri ahantu havugwa urusaku.
• Ambara ibikoresho byawe byo kumva buri gihe: Hari abantu bareka gukoresha ibikoresho byabo byo kumva kuko bibakomeretsa amatwi. Ariko, niba ufite presbycusis, kwambara ibikoresho byawe byo kumva buri gihe bishobora gufasha gukumira indwara irushaho kwiyongera. Niba ubabara mugihe wambaye ibikoresho byawe byo kumva, vugana n'umuganga w'amatwi. Ashobora kubihindura kugira ngo bikugereho.

Ni ryari nkwiye kubonana n'umuganga w'amatwi?

Bishoboka ko uzakenera kujya kwa muganga w’amatwi nibura rimwe mu mwaka kugira ngo agupime amatwi kugira ngo arebe niba kumva kwawe kwarushijeho kuba kubi. Niba ugifite ikibazo cyo kumva ndetse no nyuma yo kwambara ibikoresho byawe by’ubwubatsi , menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga w’amatwi vuba bishoboka.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba ibizamini byawe byo kumva byemeza ko ufite presbycusis, kubaza ibi bibazo bizagufasha gusobanukirwa neza iyo ndwara:

• Kubura ubumuga bwo kutumva kwanjye bikabije gute?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi usaba? Ese ukeneye ibikoresho by'ubutabazi bwo kumva?
• Ni gute iki kibazo gikora ku buzima bwanjye bwa buri munsi?
• Ni iki kindi ngomba kwitaho?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Presbycusis, ni ukubura amatwi buhoro buhoro uko tugenda dusaza, ni kimwe mu bigize gahunda yo gusaza. Niba ugorwa no kumva ibyo umuntu avuga, cyangwa niba uhora ugomba kongera ijwi kuri televiziyo, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko kumva kwawe kurimo kugenda gucika intege gato. Nubwo bitashoboka kwirindwa burundu, kwita ku matwi yawe bishobora gufasha kugabanya iterambere ry'iyi ndwara. Niba ubonye impinduka mu kumva kwawe, ntutindiganye kujya kwa muganga. Azashobora gusuzuma indwara yawe, agukoreshe mu bipimo byo kumva nibiba ngombwa, kandi aguhe inama n'ubuvuzi bikwiye. Wibuke ko uko igaragaye vuba, niko byoroha kuyifata!

Presbycusis , Kubura amatwi bifitanye isano n'imyaka, Kumva, Udukoresho tw'ubwubatsi bwo kumva, Kuvuga mu ijwi rituje, Umuganga w'amatwi, Cochlea