Ese ukurikirana isukari yawe mu maraso neza? Gukurikirana isukari mu maraso ni ingenzi mu kurwanya diyabete.

Niba urwaye diyabete, ushobora kubazwa kenshi uti: "Wapimye isukari yawe mu maraso?" Nubwo rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugaragara nk'ikibazo, mu by'ukuri ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi mu gucunga diyabete yawe. Kimwe n'ikimenyetso cy'imodoka, kikwereka ibirimo kuba mu mubiri wawe. Gusuzuma buri gihe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe bishobora kugufasha wowe na muganga wawe gusobanukirwa uburyo gahunda yawe yo kuvura ikora.

Kuki ngomba kugenzura isukari mu maraso yanjye buri gihe?

Tekereza urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe nk'"ikarita y'isuzuma" ry'uburyo urimo uvura diyabete yawe. Ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya uko urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe ruhinduka bitewe n'ibintu nk'ibiryo urya, imyitozo ngororamubiri ukora, imiti ufata, ndetse n'imihangayiko uri munsi yayo. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane niba ufata insuline.

Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso gishobora guhinduka bitewe n'ibintu bitandukanye mu buzima bwacu. Hari ibintu dushobora kugenzura binyuze mu bunararibonye. Ariko hari ibintu bigoye cyane kugenzura. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kugenzura isukari mu maraso yawe buri gihe, nk'uko muganga wawe abivuga.

Reba, ibintu nk'ibi bishobora gutuma isukari mu maraso yawe yiyongera :

• Kurya ibiryo birimo karubohidrati: Iyo uriye ibiryo birimo ibinyampeke nk'umuceri, umugati, n'ibirayi.
• Kureka cyangwa kutafata imiti ihagije ya diyabete cyangwa insuline: Kutafata imiti ku gihe.
• Kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri: Iyo umubiri ukora imyitozo mike kurusha uko bisanzwe.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe: Cyane cyane iyo ufata imiti ya steroid (corticosteroids).
• Indwara, kubagwa, cyangwa guhangayika: Mu bihe nk'ibi, isukari iriyongera bitewe n'impinduka mu misemburo mu mubiri.
• Ihinduka ry’imisemburo: Iki ni ikintu kidasanzwe. Byitwa impinduka karemano z’imisemburo mu mibiri yacu zituma isukari mu maraso yacu yiyongera mu gitondo.
• Kunywa itabi.
• Kubura amazi mu mubiri.
• Ubugimbi: Iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara mu gihe cy'impinduka mu misemburo mu bana bato.

Nanone, ibintu nk'ibi bishobora gutuma isukari mu maraso yawe igabanuka :

• Gusiba amafunguro.
• Gufata imiti myinshi cyangwa insuline ikabije ku ndwara ya diyabete.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri igabanya urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.

Hari igihe isukari mu maraso yawe ishobora kuzamuka cyangwa kugabanuka . Biterwa n'umubiri wawe n'ibindi bintu.

• Imihango mu bagore.
• Isano iri hagati y'ibiryo n'igihe cyo gufata imiti/insuline.
• Kunywa inzoga.
• Imiti ifatwa ku zindi ndwara.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gusuzuma isukari mu maraso mu rugo?

Ushobora kugenzura isukari mu maraso yawe uri mu rugo mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi.

1. Gukoresha icyuma gipima glucose n'udupira two gupima: Ibi ni byo twita "gupima inkoni y'urutoki." Ubwo buryo bukubiyemo gutobora urutoki rwawe n'urushinge hanyuma ugafata igitonyanga cy'amaraso.

2. Gukoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura isukari buri gihe (CGM): Ubu ni uburyo bushya bwo kugenzura urugero rw'isukari amasaha 24 ku munsi binyuze mu gakoresho gato gashyirwa munsi y'uruhu.

Niba uhisemo bumwe muri ubu buryo cyangwa bwombi, ni ikintu ugomba kuganiraho na muganga wawe. Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi. Urugero, ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho, ubwoko bwa diyabete urwaye, n'inshuro muganga agusaba gusuzuma isukari yawe mu maraso.

Ibipimo bya glucose n'udupira two gupima

Ubu ni bwo buryo gakondo twese tuzi kandi dukoresha. Ufata urushinge ruto rwitwa lancet ku rutoki rwawe hanyuma ugafata igitonyanga cy'amaraso. Hanyuma, ushyira icyo gitonyanga cy'amaraso ku gapapuro k'ikizamini kuri glucometer. Mu masegonda make, agaciro k'isukari mu maraso kagaragara ku gipimo cy'isukari.

Kubera ko ubu buryo butanga agaciro gusa mu gihe cyo gusuzuma, bamwe mu bantu, cyane cyane abafata insuline, bagomba gusuzuma muri ubu buryo inshuro nyinshi ku munsi.

CGM (Igenzura ry'isukari rihoraho)

Iri ni ikoranabuhanga rishya. Ni nko gushyira sensor nto ku mubiri wawe no kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso amasaha 24 ku munsi. Ibi bigufasha kubona uburyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe ruhinduka umunsi wose mu imbonerahamwe.

Ariko ibuka ko, uko iri koranabuhanga ryaba ryiza kose, rimwe na rimwe rishobora gutanga ibipimo bitari byo. Niba wumva ufite ibimenyetso by'isukari nke mu maraso, ariko CGM yawe ikagaragaza ibipimo bisanzwe, menya neza ko wafashe agakoresho k'intoki hanyuma wongere urebe ukoresheje ikipimo gisanzwe.

Uburyo bukwiye bwo gusuzuma isukari mu maraso

Mu gihe usuzuma isukari mu maraso yawe ukoresheje icyuma gipima isukari, muri rusange kurikiza izi ntambwe.

1. Banza ukaraba intoki zawe neza ukoresheje isabune n'amazi. Niba intoki zawe zanduye uduce tw'ibiryo, ibisubizo bishobora kuba atari byo. Hanagura intoki zawe ukoresheje isabune n'amazi cyangwa agatambaro karimo alcool.

2. Shyiramo agace k'igerageza mu gipimo.

3. Shyira agakoresho ko gukubita uruhande rw'urutoki rwawe.Iyo uyiteye ku ruhande ntabwo ibabara cyane kurusha iyo uyiteye hagati.

4. Kora ku gitonyanga cy'amaraso ku mutwe w'agace k'ikizamini. Igipimo kizahita gikurura ingano y'amaraso akenewe.

5. Ibisubizo bizagaragara kuri ecran mu masegonda make.

Ni ryari ugomba gusuzuma isukari mu maraso yawe?

Muganga wawe ni we uzagufatira umwanzuro inshuro n'isaha ugomba gupima isukari yawe mu maraso. Bitandukanye bitewe n'umuntu. Ariko, ni ngombwa kugenzura isukari yawe mu maraso igihe cyose wumva ibimenyetso by'isukari iri hasi cyangwa iri hejuru.

Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo izagufasha gusobanukirwa akamaro ko gusuzuma isukari mu maraso yawe mu bihe bitandukanye by'umunsi.

Iyi mibare isobanura iki?

Igipimo cy'isukari yawe mu maraso (target range) ni ikintu kidasanzwe kuri wewe. Kigomba gufatwaho umwanzuro uganira na muganga wawe. Biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nk'imyaka yawe, igihe umaze urwaye diyabete, ndetse niba ufite izindi ndwara.

Ariko, izi ni indangagaciro rusange zisabwa n'ishyirahamwe ry'Abanyamerika rishinzwe diyabete ku bantu bakuru badatwite:

• Mbere yo kurya: Hagati ya 80 - 130 mg/dL.
• Nyuma y'isaha 1-2 nyuma yo kurya: Munsi ya 180 mg/dL.

Niba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rugabanutse (Hypoglycemia)

Iyi ndwara ikunze kubaho iyo igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kigabanutse kiri munsi ya 70 mg/dL. Ibi bishobora guteza akaga, bityo ni ngombwa gufata ingamba ukimara kubona ibimenyetso.

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, hita urya ikintu kirimo isukari nkeya (urugero: toffee ya glucose, imineke, umutobe w'imbuto). Iyo isukari yawe mu maraso igabanutse cyane, ushobora no guta ubwenge. Ibi ni ibintu byihutirwa.

Iyo igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso cyiyongereye (Hyperglycemia)

Iyi ndwara ikunze kubaho iyo igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso kirenze 180 mg/dL. Ariko, abantu benshi batangira kugira ibimenyetso iyo barengeje 250 mg/dL.

Niba ufata insuline, ugomba gufata ingano ya insuline nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse. Hari igihe ibimenyetso nko kuruka no kunanirwa cyane bijyana n'isukari nyinshi mu maraso bishobora kuba indwara ikomeye yitwa Diabete Ketoacidosis (DKA). Ibi nibibaho, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu bitaro bikuru byihutirwa (ETU).

Ingorane ibi bitera n'ibisubizo byazo

Nubwo hari ibyiza byinshi byo gusuzuma isukari mu maraso, bishobora gutera umubabaro kuri bamwe.

• Kubabara urutoki: Kubabara urutoki bishobora kubaho iyo utoboye urutoki rwawe kenshi. Kugira ngo ukemure iki kibazo, fata urutoki rwawe ku ruhande aho kurushyira hagati. Nanone, ntugakoreshe inshinge imwe inshuro nyinshi, ahubwo buri gihe koresha nshya.
• Ikiguzi: Igiciro cy'imirongo yo gupima na sisitemu ya CGM gishobora kugorana kuri bamwe. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi. Ashobora kukugira inama ku buryo bwo kugabanya ikiguzi.
• Ingaruka zo mu mutwe: Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye, urakaye, cyangwa ubabaye iyo ubona isukari mu maraso yawe mu minsi imwe n'imwe.