Ese ikizamini cy'amaraso yawe cyagaragaje ko cholesterol yawe iri hejuru gato? Cyangwa uhangayikishijwe gato n'uko hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite cholesterol? Benshi muri twe mu by'ukuri tugira ubwoba iyo twumvise ijambo 'cholesterol'. Ariko niba turyumvise neza kandi tukaryicunga neza, ni ikintu gishobora kugenzurwa. Ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya kuko byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima na stroke. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku buryo bwo kugenzura iyi cholesterol.
Ni gute wahitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bukunogeye?
Kolesteroli si imwe kuri buri wese, bityo uburyo bwo kuvura si bumwe kuri buri wese. Muganga wawe azashyiraho gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye ashingiye ku bintu byinshi, birimo:
- Raporo y'urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso yawe: Uko cholesterol yawe iri hejuru.
- Imyaka n'amateka y'umuryango: Imyaka yawe, yaba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite cholesterol nyinshi cyangwa indwara y'umutima.
- Izindi ndwara zisanzwe: Ese ufite indwara nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cyangwa ufite umubyibuho ukabije?
- Ibyo ukunda: Hari abantu bakunda kugenzura indyo yabo, abandi bagakunda gufata ikinini buri munsi. Ibyo ukunda nabyo ni ingenzi hano.
- Ingaruka z'indwara z'umutima: Ingaruka zawe zo kurwara indwara z'umutima, indwara y'umutima, cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi mu myaka 10 iri imbere.
- Indwara z'umutima zari zisanzweho: Niba usanzwe ufite indwara z'umutima cyangwa wigeze kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi.
Mu magambo make, kuvura cholesterol ni nko kudoda ikoti. Igomba guhindurwa kugira ngo ihuze n'ibipimo bya buri wese.
Ese twakwiga kuri ubwo bwoko bwa cholesterol n'urugero rwiza rw'umubiri?
Muganga wawe azagusaba gupima amaraso yitwa "lipid profile." Iki ni ikizamini gishobora gupima neza ubwoko bwa cholesterol mu maraso yawe n'urugero rwayo. Iki kizamini kandi gikoreshwa kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ubuvuzi bwawe bufite akamaro.
Dore uko urugero rwa cholesterol mu muntu muzima rukwiye kumera:
| Ubwoko bwa cholesterol | Igipimo cyiza (muri mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Cholesterol yose | Niba uri munsi y'imyaka 19, ugomba kuba uri munsi ya 170. Ku muntu mukuru, igomba kuba hagati ya 125-200. |
| Kolesteroli mbi ya LDL (cholesterol mbi) | Niba uri munsi y'imyaka 19, igomba kuba munsi ya 110. Ku muntu mukuru, igomba kuba munsi ya 100. |
| Cholesterol nziza ya HDL (cholesterol nziza) | Abagabo bagomba kuba barengeje imyaka 40. Abagore bagomba kuba barengeje imyaka 50. |
| Triglycerides | Abantu bakuru bose bagomba kuba munsi ya 150. |
Ariko ibuka ko niba ufite izindi ndwara, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha intego iri hasi. Urugero:
- Niba udafite indwara y'umutima kandi ukaba uri mu kaga gato, intego yawe ya LDL ishobora kuba iri munsi ya 100 mg / dL .
- Niba urwaye indwara y'umutima cyangwa diyabete, ushobora kubwirwa ko intego yawe ya LDL igomba kuba munsi ya 70 mg / dL .
Intambwe ya mbere: Hindura imibereho yawe
Akenshi, muganga wawe ntabwo aguha imiti gusa. Ikintu cya mbere bazakubwira ni uguhindura imibereho yawe mu buryo bujyanye n'ubuzima bw'umutima. Niba urugero rwa cholesterol yawe rudahagije, ugomba rwose gukora izi mpinduka. Niba ibi bintu bigufasha kugenzura cholesterol yawe, ushobora kudakenera gufata imiti na gato.
Nubwo wafata imiti, ni ngombwa cyane gukomeza iyo ngeso. Icyo gihe uzabasha kugabanya urugero rw'umuti.
Ni izihe mpinduka mu mibereho y'umuntu?
- Indyo nziza ku mutima: Gabanya ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi . Ibi bivuze kugabanya inyama zitukura (inyama z'inka, ingurube), ibikomoka ku mata byuzuye ibinure, n'ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi. Ahubwo, rya ibiryo birimo aside irike ya omega-3 na fibre isomba. Shyiramo amafi, ingano, imbuto, imboga, n'imbuto z'ubunyobwa mu mirire yawe. Irinde ibiryo bipfunyitse n'ibiryo bitetse birimo isukari nyinshi n'ibinure bya trans .
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Nibura iminsi 5 mu cyumweru, rimwe ku munsiKora imyitozo ngororamubiri nko kugenda n'amaguru, kwiruka cyangwa koga byibuze iminota 30.
- Irinde kunywa itabi: Reka kunywa itabi no kunywa itabi ry’inzoga burundu. Si byiza kandi kuba hafi y’undi muntu unywa itabi (itabi ryakoreshejwe n’abandi).
- Gabanya inzoga: Irinde kunywa inzoga imwe ku munsi ku bagore n'izindi ebyiri ku munsi ku bagabo.
- Kugabanya ibiro: Niba ufite umubyibuho ukabije, gerageza kugabanya ibiro. Ndetse no kugabanya 10% by'ibiro byawe byose bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku rugero rwa cholesterol yawe.
Ni mu bihe bihe imiti ikenewe?
Niba warahinduye imibereho yawe ariko urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ntirugenzurwe, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti. Imiti ikunze gutangira gukoreshwa mu bihe nk'ibi:
- Niba urugero rwa cholesterol ya LDL ruri kuri 190 mg/dL cyangwa hejuru yayo.
- Niba ufite hagati y'imyaka 45-70, urwaye diyabete, kandi ufite urugero rwa LDL rwa 70 mg/dL cyangwa irenga.
- Niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'umutima kandi ufite urugero rwa LDL rwa 70 mg/dL cyangwa rurenga.
- Niba waramaze kugira indwara y'umutima, indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi, cyangwa indwara y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere cy'umutima.
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti ishobora gukoreshwa mu kugabanya cholesterol.
| Ubwoko bw'ibiyobyabwenge | Uko bikora n'ingero |
|---|---|
| Statine | Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane. Igabanya umuvuduko wa cholesterol mu mwijima. Urugero: Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin. |
| Ezetimibe | Bigabanya kwinjiza cholesterol mu biribwa turya. Akenshi bitangwa hamwe na statins. |
| Imiti ifata aside y'ibinure | Ifatana na aside bile mu buryo bw'igogora kandi igatuma umwijima ukoresha cholesterol nyinshi. |
| Fibrate | By’umwihariko bifasha kugabanya triglycerides no kongera cholesterol nziza (HDL). |
| Niyasini | Iyi ni vitamine. Ariko ntuzigere uyifata utabanje kugirwa inama na muganga. |
| Ubuvuzi bugezweho | Hariho kandi imiti mishya nka PSCK9 inhibitors, ACL inhibitors, na siRNA therapy (urugero: Inclisiran). Iyi miti ikunze guhabwa abantu bafite indwara za cholesterol bavukanye (urugero: HeFH) cyangwa abo bigoye kugenzura bakoresheje indi miti. |
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo?
Umaze gutangira guhindura imibereho yawe, muganga wawe azagusuzuma buri gihe. Nyuma y'ibyumweru bigera kuri 12 , azongera asuzume cholesterol yawe hanyuma afate icyemezo niba ukeneye guhindura indi mirire yawe cyangwa gahunda yawe yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
Niba urugero rwa cholesterol yawe rutagabanutse nyuma y’ibyo, ushobora kugirwa inama yo gutangira imiti. Nyuma yo gutangira imiti, amaraso yawe azongera gupimwa mu byumweru 4-8 kugira ngo harebwe niba umuti ukora. Nyuma y’ibyo, ni byiza ko usuzuma urugero rwa cholesterol yawe inshuro imwe mu mwaka.
Igikuru ni ugukomeza kuvugana na muganga wawe. Baza ibibazo niba ufite ikibazo, kandi uganire ku mpungenge ufite ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kolesteroli nyinshi si ikintu cyo gutinya, ni ikintu gishobora gucungwa neza.
- Intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi ni ugukurikiza imibereho myiza y'umutima. Ibyo bivuze kurya neza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kwirinda ingeso mbi.
- Imiti itangwa hashingiwe ku rugero rwa cholesterol yawe gusa, ahubwo no ku buzima bwawe muri rusange ndetse n'ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.
- Ntugatangire cyangwa ngo uhagarike gufata imiti ya cholesterol utabanje kugisha inama muganga cyangwa ngo ubimenyeshe gusa.
- Ushobora gukomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza ukomeza kuvugana na muganga wawe buri gihe no kwisuzumisha buri gihe.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.