Igerageza ry'Ubuvuzi ku Ndwara y'Amaso ya Diyabete (DME) - Ese ibi birakubereye?

Niba urwaye diyabete, ushobora kuba uhangayikishijwe n'ubuzima bw'amaso yawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kuba yarakubwiye ko diyabete igira ingaruka ku maso yawe, indwara yitwa Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). None se, ku bijyanye no kuvura iyi ndwara, wigeze wumva 'igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi'? Kumva iri zina bishobora gutera ubwoba. Ushobora kuba wibaza uti “Ese ndimo gupimwa?” Ariko si ikintu cyo gutinya. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku byo ari byo koko, inyungu bishobora kuguha, ndetse niba bikubereye.

Mu magambo make, igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi ni iki?

Tekereza ku muti uwo ari wo wose uguze muri farumasi. Kuva ku muti uvura umuriro n'inkorora kugeza ku muti uvura diyabete n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, ibintu byose bipimwa neza mbere yuko bikugeraho. Icyo kizamini ni cyo twita 'Ikizamini cy'ubuvuzi'.

Mu magambo make, iyi ni inzira yo gupima umuti mushya mbere yo kuwuha abantu kugira ngo barebe niba koko ukora neza (ufite ingaruka nziza) kandi ko ari umutekano wo kuwukoresha (ufite umutekano) . Ibi bikorwa mu buryo bwateguwe neza, munsi y’ubugenzuzi bukomeye bw’abaganga n’abashakashatsi. Kuri ibi, itsinda ry’abarwayi bitanga kugira ngo bahabwe ubu buvuzi bushya kandi imiterere yabo ikurikiranwe cyane. Ibi rero ntabwo ari nko kuba "ingurube y'imbwa" na gato. Ibi bikorwa hakurikijwe amategeko yemewe cyane, agenga imyitwarire, kandi umutekano w’abarwayi ukaba ari wo w’ingenzi.

Ni izihe nyungu zo gukora igerageza ry’ubuvuzi ku muntu urwaye DME?

Ushobora kuba utekereza uti "Nibyo rwose, ariko kuki ndimo ndabigiramo uruhare? Ni iyihe nyungu kuri njye?" Mu by'ukuri hari inyungu nyinshi. Reka tubirebe.

Intego z'abashakashatsi ni izihe?

Hari intego nyinshi z'ingenzi z'ubushakashatsi buriho kuri DME.

• Kugabanya umubare w'abajya kwa muganga: Tekereza ukuntu byari koroha cyane iyo utajya kwa muganga kenshi kugira ngo uhabwe inshinge mu maso. Abashakashatsi barimo kugerageza gushaka imiti imara igihe kirekire.
• Ibinini aho guterwa inshinge: Hari abantu bigora guterwa inshinge mu jisho. Bite se iyi ndwara iramutse irwanyijwe n'ikinini gifatwa buri munsi? Iki ni ikindi gice gikomeye cy'ubushakashatsi.
• Kongera ubushobozi bwo kuvura: Indi ntego ni ukubona imiti myiza kandi ifite akamaro kurusha imiti isanzweho.

Igerageza ry'ubuvuzi rikora rite?

Ibi bigeragezo bishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi. Ariko reka tuvuge ku bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Byitwa `Interventional Trial`.

Ibi bikubiyemo abashakashatsi batanga uburyo bwo kuvura (nk'umuti cyangwa inshinge) no kwiga ingaruka zabyo. Ibi bishobora gukorwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Ariko akenshi, hakoreshwa uburyo bwitwa 'Randomized Controlled Trial' . Nubwo izina rigoye gato, igitekerezo cyoroshye.

Tekereza abantu 100 bitanze muri iki kizamini.

1. Bagabanye mu matsinda:Aba bantu 100 bagabanyijwemo amatsinda abiri y’abantu 50 buri umwe, nta mahitamo na make.

2. Gutanga ubuvuzi:

• Itsinda rya mbere (abantu 50): rizahabwa ubuvuzi bushya bwapimwe.
• Itsinda rya kabiri (andi 50): rizakomeza guhabwa ubuvuzi bwiza kandi busanzwe bukoreshwa muri iki gihe kuri DME. Iri tsinda ryitwa `Itsinda rigenzura`.

3. Kugereranya: Nyuma y'igihe runaka, ibisubizo by'amatsinda yombi biragereranywa. Ni gute uburyo bushya bwo kuvura buruta ubwa kera? Ese bufite ingaruka nke? Ese bufite umutekano? Byose bishobora gupimwa neza binyuze muri ibi.

Ni gute nakwivanga mu kintu nk'iki?

Iki ni cyo kibazo cy'ingenzi cyane. Niba ushishikajwe n'iki kibazo, intambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi ugomba gutera ni ukuganira n'umuganga w'amaso cyangwa umuganga wa diyabete uri kukuvura.

• Muganga wawe azi neza uburwayi bwawe n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, bityo ashobora kuguha inama nziza ku bijyanye no kumenya niba bikwiye ko witabira ikizamini nk'icyo.
• Ubushakashatsi nk'ubwo bukorerwa buri gihe mu bitaro binini bya leta muri Sri Lanka, cyane cyane ishami ry’ubuvuzi. Muganga wawe azashobora kumenya niba hari ikizamini kirimo gukorwa gikwiranye nawe kandi azakuyobora.
• Ntuzigere ufata ibyemezo nk'ibi wenyine utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.

Mbere yuko witabira, itsinda rishinzwe ubushakashatsi rizagusobanurira byose (ikizakorwa, ingaruka zishobora kubaho, inyungu). Uruhushya rwawe rwanditse ruzaboneka gusa nyuma yo kubaza ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose no kunyurwa byuzuye. Nanone, niba wumva utameze neza igihe icyo ari cyo cyose mu gihe cy'ubushakashatsi, ufite uburenganzira busesuye bwo kubuvamo.