Ese diyabete igira ingaruka ku maso yawe? (Retinopathy ifitanye isano na diyabete) Reka tuyigeho.

Ese urwaye diyabete? Cyangwa hari umuntu uzi urwaye diyabete? Icyo ngiye kuvuga ni ingenzi cyane kuri wewe. Diyabete ni indwara aho isukari mu maraso yiyongera mu mubiri. Ibi bishobora kwangiza amaso yacu mu buryo butunguranye. Iyo ndwara yitwa `(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)` cyangwa indwara ya diyabete-related retina. Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi, sibyo?

Retinopathy ifitanye isano na diyabete ni iki?

Mu magambo make, `(Diabete-Related Related Retinopathy)` bivuze ko diyabete igabanya kandi ikangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso iri mu maso yawe. Tekereza nka kamera. Retina ikora nk'ishusho iri muri iyi kamera. Niho amashusho amenyekana iyo urumuri ruguye. Rero, iyo iyi miyoboro mito itanga amaraso muri retina yangiritse kubera diyabete, retina nayo ihagarika gukora neza. Ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu atabona neza, atabona neza, ndetse amaherezo akaba yanahuma .

Si abantu bose barwaye diyabete bazarwara iyi ndwara. Kandi, hari ibyo dushobora gukora kugira ngo tutinde kuyirwara, cyangwa se tukagabanya ingaruka zayo nibitangira. None rero ntutinye, sibyo? Reka tubiganireho.

Hari ibyiciro bibiri by'iyi ndwara.

`(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)` ntabwo irushaho kuba mbi icyarimwe. Ifite ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi.

1. Intambwe ya mbere: Retinopathy iterwa na diyabete idatera imbere (NPDR)

Iki ni cyo cyiciro cya mbere cy’iyi ndwara. Muri iki cyiciro, imiyoboro y’amaraso muri retina itangira kuva amaraso. Tekereza nk’umuyoboro w’amazi wacitse. Uku kwangirika gushobora gutuma imwe mu miyoboro y’amaraso iziba. Ibi bibaho mu gihe umubiri ugerageza gusana ibyangiritse. Ushobora kuba udafite ibimenyetso bikomeye muri iki cyiciro.

2. Indwara ikomeye: Indwara ya retine iterwa na diyabete (PDR)

NPDR igera ku cyiciro cyitwa PDR iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso yangiritse irushaho gukomera. Aha niho imiyoboro y'amaraso mishya, ariko ifite intege nke, itangira gushingwa mu mwanya w'iyangiritse. Iyi miyoboro mishya ishingwa mu rwego rwo kongera amaraso ajya muri retina. Ariko, iyi miyoboro mishya iba ifite intege nke cyane kandi ishobora guturika no kuva amaraso byoroshye. Aya maraso ashobora guteranira mu kintu kimeze nk'umusemburo mu jisho cyitwa vitreous. Kubera ko iyi miyoboro mishya ishingwa ku buso bwa retina, uko igihe kigenda gihita jeli ishobora gufata iyi miyoboro maze retina ikongera kwitandukanya (retinal detachments) . Ibi nibibaho, amahirwe yo kutabona aba menshi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Mu ntangiriro za Diyabete-Related Retinopathy, ushobora kutabona ibimenyetso. Icyo ni cyo gice giteye ubwoba. Ushobora kutabona impinduka mu maso yawe kugeza igihe ibyangiritse birushijeho kuba byinshi. Ariko, ibimenyetso bimaze kugaragara, bishobora kuba:

• Kubona nabi cyangwa kutabona neza: Uba usa n'aho ureba mu gihu, cyangwa ibintu bisa nkaho byarambuye.
• Impinduka mu kuntu amabara agaragara: Amabara yagaragaraga neza mbere ashobora kugaragara nk'aho adasobanutse neza cyangwa adasobanutse neza. Ushobora no kugira uburangare bushya bw'amabara.
• Ubuhumyi bwo mu ijoro (nyctalopia): Kubona bigabanuka cyane nijoro.
• Ibyuma birebire by'amaso (myodesopsias): Kumva ubona utudomo duto tw'umukara cyangwa udutsi duto tugenda imbere y'amaso .
• Uduce duto tw'amaso (scotoma): Hari ibice bimwe na bimwe by'ibyo ubona bitagaragara.
• Ubusembwa bwo mu busitani: Ingano y'amaso mu gace kayikikije iragabanuka.
• Kudakora neza kw'amaso no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga w’amaso .

Kuki iki kibazo kibaho?

Impamvu nyamukuru ni diyabete . Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa diyabete.

• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 (Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1)
• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 (Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2)
• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 3c (Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 3c)`
• Diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita

Diyabete ni indwara itangira iyo isukari mu maraso yawe ikomeje kwiyongera igihe kirekire . Iyo iyi sukari yirundanyije, yangiza inkuta z'imbere z'imitsi y'amaraso mu mubiri wawe wose. Igira ingaruka no ku mitsi yoroshye y'amaraso mu maso yawe.

Imitsi y'amaraso yangiritse igerageza kwisana no gushaka ubundi buryo bwo gukomeza gutembera kw'amaraso. Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyo mitsi mishya y'amaraso idakomeye navuze mbere irakora ku buso bwa retina. Iyi mitsi ishobora guturika no kuva amaraso mu buryo bworoshye mu kintu kimeze nk'umusemburo kiri mu jisho (vitreous). Nanone, amazi ashobora kuva mu mitsi y'amaraso yangiritse bigatuma igice cyo hagati cya retina, igice tubona neza kandi tugatandukanya amabara (macula), kibyimba. Ibi byitwa edema ya macular . Hanyuma, kureba biba bidafite ishingiro.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera ibyago?

Hari izindi mpamvu nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere rya `(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)`.

• Diyabete igoye kuyigenzura: Ingaruka ziba nyinshi iyo isukari mu maraso ihora iri hejuru.
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (hypertension)
• Igipimo cya cholesterol kiri hejuru mu maraso (hyperlipidemia)
• Indwara ziterwa n'umutima nk'indwara z'umutima n'indwara z'imitsi ifungana
• Indwara z'impyiko zidakira n'impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza

Iyo ibi bibazo bihari, ibyago byo kwangirika kw'amaso byiyongera cyane iyo bihujwe na diyabete.

Ingorane zishobora guterwa n'iyi ndwara

Iyo indwara ya Retinopathy iterwa na diyabete idakurikiranywe neza, izindi ngorane zishobora kubaho.

• Kubyimba mu maso bifitanye isano na diyabete (kubyimba hagati muri retina guterwa na diyabete)
• Gutandukanya retinal
• Kuva amaraso mu gice cy'ijisho kimeze nk'umusemburo (vitreous hemorrhage)
• Glaucoma (umuvuduko w'amaso wiyongera)
• Kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu gice cya retina gitanga ibara n'amaso meza (macular ischemia)

Amaherezo, izi ngorane zishobora gutuma uturemangingo tureba urumuri mu jisho, twitwa photoreceptors, duhagarika gukora neza. Ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu atabona neza kandi agahuma.

Iyi ndwara ipimwa ite?

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, impinduka nyinshi mu jisho ziterwa na `(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)` ntizigaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro. Ariko, umuganga w'amaso ashobora kumenya izi mpinduka hakiri kare cyane. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byihariye no gukoresha imiti kugira ngo ijisho ryaguke. Ibi kandi byitwa `(isuzuma ry'amaso ryaguwe)` .

Muri iki kizamini, muganga ashobora kubona ibintu nk'ibi:

• Uduheri tw'ubwoya bw'ipamba mu jisho
• Kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho
• Imitsi mito y'amaraso yabyimbye kandi yaturitse (microaneurysms)
• Gutera imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu jisho (Neovascularization)
• Kubyimba igice cyo hagati cya retina (macular edema)
• Ibinure byiyongera muri retina (retinal exudates)
• Imitsi y'amaraso isa n'idasanzwe muri retina
• Kuva amaraso mu kintu kimeze nk'umusemburo mu jisho (vitreous hemorrhage)

Kubwibyo, niba urwaye diyabete, nubwo nta bimenyetso ufite, ni ngombwa cyane ko muganga w’amaso asuzuma amaso yawe nibura rimwe mu mwaka.

Ni gute `(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)` ivurwa?

Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane. `(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)` ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa, ariko ntishobora gukira burundu . Bimwe mu bimenyetso n'impinduka muri retina birashobora kuvurwa. Ariko, iyo ibyangiritse bikomeye cyane, hari ibintu bidashobora gusubizwa inyuma.

Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura: kugenzura diyabete yawe no kuvura amaso yawe.

1. Kuvura diyabete yawe

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje neza ko uko isukari mu maraso yawe ingana n’uko hemoglobine A1C ingana, ni ko ibyago byo kurwara Retinopathy ifitanye isano na Diyabete byiyongera . Kubwibyo, kugenzura isukari mu maraso yawe - bivuze kuyigumana hasi kandi idahindagurika - ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo utinde iyi ndwara no kugabanya ubukana bwayo.

Kugira ngo urwanye diyabete, ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Gusuzuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe buri gihe:Ibi bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gupima amenyo cyangwa gukurikirana isukari mu buryo buhoraho.
• Witondere ibyo urya: Ibyo urya bigira ingaruka ku rugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe n'agaciro ka A1C.
• Gufata imiti wanditswe na muganga neza: Fata imiti ya diyabete neza nk'uko muganga wawe yabikubwiye. Ibi bizagufasha cyane kugumisha igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe kiri mu rugero rwagenwe.
• Kujya kwisuzumisha buri gihe: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kumenya ibijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange. Ushobora kumenya impinduka mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara.
• Gusuzuma amaso buri gihe nk'uko byasabwe: Ibi ni ngombwa niba urwaye diyabete cyangwa diyabete itaratangira. Ubuvuzi bushobora gutangira mbere yuko ibyangiritse biba burundu.
• Kugumana ibiro bizima bikubereye: Ibi binafasha mu kurwanya diyabete. Muganga w'umuryango wawe azagufasha muri ibi.

2. Kuvura amaso

Intego yo kuvura amaso ni ukugenzura ibimenyetso byo kureba n'amaso no kugabanya cyangwa kugabanya kwangirika kwa retina. Bumwe mu buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura Retinopathy ifitanye isano na Diyabete burimo:

• Imiti: Urugero, imiti irwanya imitsi y'amaraso (anti-VEGF) cyangwa corticosteroids irakoreshwa. Iyi miti iterwa mu jisho. Muganga w'amaso azagusobanurira ubundi buryo bwo kuyikoresha.
• Kubaga hakoreshejwe laser: Mu buryo nko gukoresha laser photocoagulation , inzobere mu by'amaso ikoresha laser kugira ngo ivure retina yawe. Ibi bishobora guhagarika gukura kw'imitsi mishya y'amaraso idasanzwe, kuyigabanya, cyangwa kubuza amaraso kuva. Ariko, ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma habaho gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba nijoro cyangwa kureba mu mpande.
• Kubagwa amaso: Niba retina yawe yacitse intege (retinal detachment), niba amaraso yakusanyije mu jisho (vitreous hemorrhage) kandi ntirivamo, cyangwa niba hari ikindi cyangiritse gikomeye kuri retina, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubagwa yitwa vitrectomy .

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?

Niba urwaye diyabete, cyangwa warasanzwe ufite diyabete-Related Retinopathy, ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga w’amaso buri gihe. Azakubwira inshuro ugomba kuza kwisuzumisha. Gukurikiza iyi gahunda bishobora kugufasha kumenya impinduka zikomeye mbere yuko ziba zikomeye.

Nanone, jya kwa muganga ako kanya niba ubonye impinduka zikurikira mu kureba buhoro buhoro :

• Kutabona neza cyangwa kutabona neza nk'uko byari bimeze mbere.
• Kubona nabi cyangwa kutabona neza.
• Niba bimwe mu bice by'ibintu ureba byijimye, byazimye, cyangwa bisa n'ibitandukanye n'uko byari bimeze mbere.

Ariko, niba uhuye n'impinduka mu buryo butunguranye mu kureba nk'izi, ugomba guhita ugana ibitaro cyangwa icyumba cy'ubutabazi cyakwegereye:

• Ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso.
• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba burundu mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba cyane.

Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ejo hazaza umuntu urwaye `(Diabete-Related Retinopathy)` ashobora kwitega?

Retinopathy iterwa na diyabete ni indwara ihoraho kandi ibaho ubuzima bwose. Nta muti wayo uhari. Ariko, ushobora gufata ingamba zo kuyigenzura no kugabanya ububabare bwo kutabona.

Abantu barwaye diyabete bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara, ariko si buri wese urwaye diyabete uzayirwara. Ariko, ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe, bityo ni ngombwa gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo uyirinde cyangwa uyitinde.

Iyo ubonye indwara hakiri kare kandi ukayivurirwa ku gihe, ushobora kwirinda kutabona neza no gutinza ikwirakwira ry’indwara. Ndetse na nyuma yo kuvurwa, iyo ugenzuye diyabete yawe neza kandi ukarinda isukari mu maraso yawe ku rugero rwasabwe n’abaganga bawe, uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kugabanya ingaruka z’iyi ndwara.

Ikibabaje ni uko hari abantu bashobora kugira ingorane zikomeye. Ariko, hari uburyo bwo gutinza izo ngorane uko bishoboka kose no gucunga impinduka mu maso ziterwa na diyabete.

Ese indwara ya Retinopathy iterwa na diyabete ishobora kwirindwa?

Yego, kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso no kugumana urugero rwa hemoglobine A1C ruke bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda Retinopathy iterwa na Diyabete. Iyo ukoze ibi bintu, retinopathy rimwe na rimwe ishobora gusubira inyuma.

Si abantu bose barwaye diyabete bafite ibi, ariko abafite isukari mu maraso idagenzurwa n’abarwaye diyabete igihe kirekire bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara "Diyabete-Related Retinopathy".

Nubwo udafite diyabete, niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kuyirwara (urugero, niba ufite diyabete itaratangira), ushobora kugira icyo ukora mbere yuko ufatwa na diyabete. Gufata ingamba hakiri kare bishobora gukumira cyangwa gutinza iterambere rya diyabete. Bishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku iterambere rya retinopathy iterwa na diyabete.

Gusuzuma amaso bishobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso bya Retinopathy bifitanye isano na Diyabete mbere yuko ugaragaza ibimenyetso. Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe, cyane cyane ababyeyi bawe, abavandimwe bawe, cyangwa abana bawe, ufite diyabete, nawe uri mu kaga ko kuyirwara. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa ko usuzuma amaso buri gihe.

Uko wagenzura diyabete yawe neza kose, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bidahagije kugira ngo wirinde indwara ya "Diyabete-Related Retinopathy". Ariko, kugenzura diyabete yawe, kwipimisha amaso buri gihe, no kwita ku maso yawe ni ingenzi cyane. Bishobora kugufasha kurinda amaso yawe.

Muganga wawe wa diyabete ashobora kugufasha muri ibi no kukwohereza kwa muganga w’amaso. Uramutse witabwaho kandi ugahabwa ubufasha buri gihe, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo urinde amaso yawe y’agaciro.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho rero, dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuze:

• Niba urwaye diyabete, fata ingamba zidasanzwe zo kwita ku maso yawe. Indwara ya Retinopathy iterwa na diyabete ishobora kuba indwara ikomeye.
• Komeza kugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe na hemoglobin A1C. Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane.
• Nubwo nta bimenyetso ufite, ugomba gusuzumwa amaso yawe na muganga w’amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka (gupima amaso yawe). Kuyamenya hakiri kare biroroshye kuyavura.
• Niba ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe (uduheri, utudomo tw'umukara, ibara rihinduka), hita ubonana na muganga.
• Niba unywa itabi, rekera aho. Kunywa itabi nabyo bishobora kongera iyi ndwara.
• Genzura ibintu nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso na cholesterol.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine. Hari abaganga n'abagize umuryango bashobora kugufasha. Niba udatinya, ukabona ubuvuzi bukwiye, kandi ukabaho ubuzima bwiza, ushobora kurinda amaso yawe.

Diyabete , kwangirika kw'amaso ya diyabete, retinopathy, ubuzima bw'amaso, kurinda amaso, kuvura diyabete, ibizamini by'amaso