Ese cholesterol yawe iri hejuru? Reka tuvuge kuri hyperlipidemie!

Ushobora kuba warumvise ijambo 'cholesterol' kenshi, si byo se? Ariko iyo muganga wawe avuze 'hyperlipidemia', ushobora kuba warataye umutwe gato. Ntugahangayike, aya magambo yombi asobanura ikintu kimwe. Mu magambo make, bivuze ko mu maraso yawe hari ibinure byinshi, cyangwa 'lipide' nk'uko tubyita. Iki ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara mu bantu benshi mu gihugu cyacu.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa lipide mu maraso?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibinure, cyangwa ibinure, mu maraso yacu. Tekereza ko amaraso yacu ameze nk'umuhanda. Hari imodoka nziza n'imodoka mbi muri uyu muhanda.

• Cholesterol ya HDL: Iyi ni "cholesterol nziza." Ni nk'imodoka itwara imyanda. Ifata cholesterol idakenewe yikubira mu mitsi y'amaraso yawe ikayigeza mu mwijima. Umwijima ukuraho iyo cholesterol idakenewe mu mubiri wawe. Kugira urugero rwiza rwa HDL rero ni byiza cyane ku mubiri wawe.

• Cholesterol ya LDL: Iyi ni yo twita "cholesterol mbi." Ni nk'imodoka isiga imyanda ahantu hose mu muhanda. Iyi cholesterol ya LDL ifata ku nkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, iyi mitsi irakomeza kwiyongera igatangira kuziba imbere mu mitsi y'amaraso. Ibi bitanga inzira y'indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima na stroke.

• Triglycerides: Ubu ni ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure biri mu maraso yacu. Bikorwa ahanini n'ibinure n'isukari turya. Kubyinshi muri byo ntabwo ari byiza ku mubiri.

• Cholesterol ya VLDL: Kimwe na LDL, iyi ifatwa nk'ubwoko bwa cholesterol "mbi". Iyo iyi yongerewe, ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima biriyongera.

Kuki turwara hyperlipidemie? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera. Zimwe ni ibintu dushobora kugenzura, ariko izindi ni ibintu tudashoboye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya hyperlipidemie?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi kandi giteye ubwoba hano ni iki: Abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro.

Ariko ibibazo bitangira kuvuka iyo ibinure byibumbiye mu mitsi y'amaraso bikayifunga, bigatuma idakira igihe kirekire. Ibi bishobora gutera indwara zikomeye nka:

• Indwara y'imitsi y'umutima (CAD): Imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima iragabanuka bitewe n'ibinure byinshi. Ibi bibuza umutima kubona umwuka n'intungamubiri ukeneye. Ibi bishobora gutera ububabare mu gatuza (angina) cyangwa indwara y'umutima.
• Indwara y'Umutima: Uduce tw'ibinure (plaques) twishyize mu mitsi y'amaraso dushobora gucika mu buryo butunguranye bigatuma amaraso acika. Iyo iki gipimo cy'amaraso kibuze burundu inzira y'amaraso mu gice cy'umutima, ni indwara y'umutima. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo kubabara cyane mu gituza, ububabare bugera mu rwasaya, ku rutugu, cyangwa ku kuboko, kubira ibyuya, no kugorwa no guhumeka. Niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ujya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze cy'ibitaro (ETU).
• Indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi: Kimwe n'indwara y'umutima, indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi ibaho iyo amaraso acitse agafunga imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo kuribwa umutwe bitunguranye, kugorwa no kuvuga, intege nke ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri, no kutabona neza. Ibi kandi ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi.
• Ibinure byinshi ku ruhu: Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu gihe umuntu afite cholesterol nyinshi mu muryango. Bishobora kugaragara nk'udusimba tw'umuhondo hafi y'amaso (xanthelasmas) cyangwa udusimba ku nkokora, amavi, n'amaboko (xanthomas).

Ni gute wasuzuma ibi?

Uburyo bwonyine bwo kumenya niba ufite hyperlipidemia ni ugupimisha amaraso . Ibi byitwa 'Lipid Profile' cyangwa 'Lipid Panel'. Iki kizamini gikunze gukorwa nyuma y'amasaha 9-12 wiyirije ubusa.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibintu nk'imyaka yawe, izindi ndwara, n'amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe kugira ngo amenye niba urugero rwa cholesterol yawe ruri mu kaga.

Ni gute twagenzura iki kibazo?

Hari ibice bibiri by'ingenzi byo kugenzura ibi. Kimwe ni uguhindura imibereho yacu. Ikindi ni ugufata imiti nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse, bibaye ngombwa.

1. Impinduka mu mibereho

Ibi nibyo ushobora gukora ubwawe. Ibi nibyo bintu by'ingenzi mu kuvura.

• Indyo nziza: Gabanya ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi n'amavuta ya trans. Gabanya ikoreshwa ry'amavuta ya kokonati n'amavuta ya palme. Gabanya ibiryo bikaranze, inyama zitukura, foromaje, amavuta, keke, na biscuits. Ahubwo, rya ibiryo byinshi birimo fibre . Amashu, umuceri w'umukara, ibinyampeke byuzuye, imboga, imbuto, ibinyamisogwe, ubunyobwa, n'inkeri byose ni byiza.
• Kurya amafi: Kurya amafi afite amavuta nka salmon, tuna, mackerel, na sardine byibuze iminsi ibiri mu cyumweru bishobora gufasha kugabanya triglycerides.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Fata nibura iminota 30 y'imyitozo ngororamubiri ku munsi, nko kugenda n'amaguru vuba, kugendera ku igare, cyangwa koga. Niba bigoye kubikora byose icyarimwe, gabanyamo ibice by'iminota 10-15 kandi ubikore inshuro nyinshi ku munsi.
• Kureka kunywa itabi no kunywa inzoga: Kureka kunywa itabi byongera cholesterol nziza (HDL). Ni ngombwa kandi guhagarika burundu cyangwa kugabanya cyane kunywa inzoga.
• Genzura ibiro byawe: Niba ufite umubyibuho ukabije, kugabanya ibiro ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kugenzura cholesterol.
• Gucunga imihangayiko: Gumana ubuzima bwiza bwo mu mutwe binyuze mu bintu nko gutekereza cyane no gukora yoga.

2. Imiti itangwa na muganga

Hari igihe no guhindura imibereho bishobora kuba bidahagije kugira ngo bigenzure urugero rwa cholesterol mu mubiri wawe. Muri ibyo bihe, muganga azakwandikira imiti.

• Statines: Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane mu kugabanya cholesterol. Ikora mu kugabanya umusaruro wa cholesterol mu mwijima.
• Indi miti: Uretse imiti ya statine, hari indi miti nka Ezetimibe, Fibrates, na PCSK9 inhibitors. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo umuti ukubereye.