Kuki hari abantu bakeneye indorerwamo? Ibibazo byo kureba n'ibisubizo (Indorerwamo n'amatara yo kubonana)

Ese wigeze wibaza impamvu inshuti yawe ikeneye indorerwamo mu gihe wowe utazikeneye? Cyangwa impamvu bamwe bakeneye indorerwamo kugira ngo basome igitabo, abandi bakeneye indorerwamo kugira ngo barebe kure? Amaso yacu ni umwihariko cyane, atandukanye. Hari igihe ibice bito biri mu jisho bidakorana neza bituma tutabona neza. Ariko ntugahangayike, hari indorerwamo n'indorerwamo zo mu maso kugira ngo bigufashe muri ibi. Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi, si byo se?

Amaso yacu akora ate? Biratangaje, si byo se?

Tekereza ijisho ryawe nk'agakamera gato kandi gakomeye cyane. Umucyo ni wo iyi kamera ikeneye kugira ngo ikore "ishusho." Hari ibice byinshi by'ingenzi biri mu jisho biyifasha gukora uyu murimo.

• Korneya: Iki ni igice cy'ijisho gisobanutse neza, gisa n'isaha. Iyo urumuri rwinjiye mu jisho, rubanza guhindukira, cyangwa kugorama, maze rukayoborwa mu jisho n'imboni. Mu by'ukuri, inzira yo kwibanda, cyangwa kwibanda, urumuri rwinjira mu jisho ruratangira hano.
• Iris: Niba amaso yawe ari ubururu, umukara, imvi, cyangwa umukara biterwa n'ibara riri muri iyi "Iris". Iki ni igice cy'imitsi.
• Umunyeshuri: Uyu ni uruziga ruto rw'umukara ruri hagati muri `(Iris)`. Mu by'ukuri uru ni umwobo. Ni nk'aho kamera ifunguye. Iyo hari urumuri rwinshi, uyu `(Umunyeshuri)` arushaho kuba muto, kandi iyo hari urumuri ruto (mu mwijima), arushaho kuba munini. Akazi kayo k'ingenzi ni ukugenzura ingano y'urumuri rwinjira mu jisho.
• Indorerwamo: Iki ni igice kigaragara inyuma ya `(Umunyeshuri)`, nk'agace gato k'ikirahure. Nyuma ya `(Kornea)`, `(Indorerwamo)` ishyira urumuri imbere cyane ikanarugusha neza kuri `(Retina)`. Ikidasanzwe kuri iyi `(Indorerwamo)` ni uko ishobora guhindura imiterere yayo (ikorwa n'imitsi mito) ikagufasha kubona ibintu biri hafi ndetse n'ibiri kure neza.
• Retina: Uru ni urwego rw'inyuma rw'ijisho rushobora kwitabwaho n'urumuri. Rumeze nka `(sensor)` muri kamera cyangwa `(film roll)` muri kamera zishaje. Iyo urumuri rukusanyijwe na `(Cornea)` na `(Lens)` ruguye kuri iyi `(Retina)`, ishusho irahakorerwa. Iyi `(Retina)` irimo utunyangingo twihariye miliyoni (`(Photoreceptor selile)`) dushobora kwitabwaho n'urumuri n'amabara. Utu tunyangingo duhindura urumuri mo ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi.

Hanyuma, ibyo bimenyetso by'amashanyarazi binyura mu mitsi y'amaso bikagera mu bwonko. Ubwonko busesengura ibyo bimenyetso bukatubwira buti: "Iyi ni yo shusho urimo kubona." Biratangaje ibibera muri iri jisho rito!

Kuki ubushobozi bwo kureba bwa buri wese butameze kimwe? Ni izihe ngorane zo kureba?

Kimwe n'ibikumwe byacu, amaso ya buri wese aratandukanye gato. Ibyo bivuze ko ibintu nk'uburebure bw'ijisho, imiterere ya `(Cornea)`, n'imiterere ya `(Lens)` bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Izi tandukaniro nizo zituma bamwe bakeneye indorerwamo abandi ntibazikenera. Iyo urumuri rudashyizwe neza kuri `(Retina)`, kureba biba bibi. Ibi tubyita amakosa yo kugarura urumuri . Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'amakosa yo kugarura urumuri tubona.

1. Kureba kure cyangwa kutareba kure

Iki ni cyo gihe ibintu biri hafi yawe bishobora kugaragara neza, ariko ibintu biri kure bikaba bitagaragara neza. Ni nko kureba televiziyo uri kure kandi inyandiko ntisobanuke neza. Ingero zirimo abana badashobora kubona ibyanditse ku kibaho mu ishuri, cyangwa abantu badashobora gusoma icyapa cya bisi bari kure.

• Kuki ibi bibaho? Mu magambo make, imboni y'ijisho ryawe iba ndende cyane, cyangwa "Cornea" cyangwa "Lens" yawe ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo kwibandaho. Hanyuma urumuri rwinjira mu jisho ntirureba neza "Retina", ahubwo ruri imbere yarwo gato.
• Ni gute indorerwamo zikosora ibi? Abantu bafite `(Myopia)` bahabwa indorerwamo zifite lenses zicucitse (lenses zicucitse / lenses zicucitse) . Izi lenses zikwirakwiza urumuri gato (zigatandukana) kandi zigatuma rugwa neza neza kuri `(Retina)`.

2. Kureba kure cyane cyangwa kureba kure

Muri ibi , nubwo ibintu biri kure bishobora kugaragara neza, ibintu biri hafi, cyane cyane iyo usoma ibitabo, ureba kuri telefoni, cyangwa udoda, bisa nkaho bitagaragara neza. Hari igihe, iyo ugerageza kureba hafi, amaso ashobora kunanirwa (`(amaso arembye`) ndetse n'umutwe ushobora kuvuka. Iyo abana bato bafite `(Hyperopia)`, rimwe na rimwe bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kureba imbere (`(amaso arembye)` / `(Esotropia)`).

• Kuki ibi bibaho? Ibi ni ibinyuranye na `(Myopia)`. Ijisho ryawe riba rigufi cyane, cyangwa `(Cornea)` yawe cyangwa `(Lens)` yawe nta mbaraga zihagije zo kwibandaho. Hanyuma urumuri rugerageza kwibanda inyuma ya `(Retina)` (mu by'ukuri, `(Lens)` igomba gukora cyane kugira ngo yibande hejuru ya `(Retina)`).
• Wabikosora ute ukoresheje indorerwamo? Abantu bafite `(Hyperopia)` bahabwa indorerwamo zifite lenses zijimye (lenses zijimye / Plus power lenses) . Izi lenses zihuza urumuri (zihurira) zikaruzana kuri `(Retina)`.

3. Gutitira (Astigmatism)

Ubu ni ubwoko butandukanye gato bw'intege nke. Aha , ibintu bya hafi n'ibya kure bishobora kugaragara nk'ibidasobanutse neza, rimwe na rimwe bikagaragara nk'igicucu. Iyo utwaye imodoka nijoro, ushobora no kubona inyenyeri zikikije amatara. Astigmatisme ishobora no kubaho, hamwe na Myopia cyangwa Hyperopia.

• Kuki ibi bibaho?Ubusanzwe, `(Cornea)` na `(Lens)` by'ijisho rizima ni uruziga, bifite imiterere imwe ku mpande zose, nk'ubuso bw'umupira uzengurutse. Ariko, ku bantu bafite `(Astigmatism), `(Cornea)` (akenshi `(Cornea)`) na `(Lens)` bifite ishusho y'uruziga / umupira w'amaguru, bifite imiterere myinshi ku ruhande rumwe n'imiterere mike ku rundi. Hanyuma, urumuri ruturuka muri buri cyerekezo rureba mu buryo butandukanye, ahantu hatandukanye. Niyo mpamvu ishusho isa n'aho idasobanutse neza kandi yarambuye.
• Ni gute indorerwamo zikosora ibi? Zikoresha lenses zifite ishusho yihariye kandi zikoze nk'uruziga . Izi zikosora imiterere idahwitse kandi zigashyira urumuri ku murongo umwe, bigatuma umuntu abona neza.

4. Kutareba hafi (Presbyopia)

Iyi si indwara, ahubwo ni impinduka isanzwe ibaho uko abantu bakura. Akenshi ikunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi bari hagati y'imyaka 40-45. Ndetse n'abari bafite amaso meza mbere bagorwa no gusoma inyandiko nto cyangwa gukora imirimo yo hafi, nko gushyira urushinge mu ruziga. Niyo mpamvu abantu bo muri iyo myaka barambura amaboko yabo gato iyo basoma ibinyamakuru cyangwa bareba telefoni zabo, rimwe na rimwe bakavuga ko bumva "amaboko arimo kunanirwa."

• Kuki ibi bibaho? Uko tugenda dusaza, `(Lens)` iri mu maso yacu igenda itakaza ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhindura imiterere byoroshye. Iyo tukiri bato, iyi `(Lens)` ihita iba ndende kandi ireba neza iyo tureba hafi. Ariko, uko tugenda dusaza, ubwo bushobozi buragabanuka, bityo iyo dukeneye kureba hafi, `(Lens)` ntishobora kwibanda neza.
• Umuti ni uwuhe? Ushobora no gukoresha indorerwamo zo gusoma kuri ibi, cyangwa lentile ebyiri cyangwa lentile zigenda ziyongera zigufasha kubona kure na hafi ukoresheje indorerwamo zimwe.

Kuki ari ingenzi cyane kwipimisha amaso yawe?

Iyo ubonye impinduka mu kureba kwawe - ni ukuvuga ko utabona neza nk'uko wabikoraga mbere, urwaye umutwe kenshi, amaso yawe akumva ananiwe - cyangwa nubwo nta kibazo kirimo , ni ngombwa cyane kwipimisha amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka. Nk'ababyeyi, twagombye kwita cyane ku kureba kw'abana bacu. Kuko bashobora kutavuga ko batabona. Nanone, abantu bafite indwara nka `(Diabetes Mellitus)` (Diabetes) bashobora kugira ibibazo by'amaso, bityo ni ngombwa kwipimisha amaso buri gihe.

Ni iki gikunze gukorwa mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso?

• Ikizamini cy'Ubuhanga bwo Kubona: Ibi nibyo usoma ku mbonerahamwe ya Snellen iri kuri buri jisho. Bipima uburyo ubona neza n'aho ugera.
• Ikizamini cyo Kureba Ishusho: Iki gikoreshwa mu kumenya niba ufite Myopia, Hyperopia, cyangwa Astigmatism, kandi niba ari byo, ni ibihe by'indorerwamo z'amashanyarazi ukeneye. Ushobora kuba warabonye imashini yitwa Phoropter ipima kureba kwawe ikoresheje indorerwamo imwe imwe.
• Gupima umuvuduko w'amaso (Tonometry):Umuvuduko uri mu jisho urapimwa. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo umenye indwara yitwa "Glaucoma".
• Isuzuma ry'amaso ryagutse: Hari igihe, imboni irakura ikoresheje ibitonyanga by'amaso, kandi ibice biri imbere mu jisho, nka retina n'imitsi y'amaso, bigasuzumwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byihariye (ophthalmoscope n'itara rito).

Urashaka kwerekana nde?

Ubusanzwe, umuganga w'amaso asuzuma amaso akanayandikira indorerwamo. Nibo basuzuma ayo makosa yo kuvura amaso, bakakugira inama yo kuyakosora. Ariko, niba ukeneye kujya kwa muganga w'amaso (urugero: Glaucoma, Cataract, Retinal detachment) kugira ngo agusuzume neza, akuvure cyangwa akubage, ugomba kujya kwa muganga w'amaso . Umuganga w'amaso ashobora no kukwohereza kwa muganga w'amaso niba bibaye ngombwa.

Ese indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z'amaso ni byiza kurushaho?

Noneho, niba muganga avuze ko ukeneye indorerwamo, ikibazo gikurikiraho ni iki, 'Ese nambara indorerwamo cyangwa '(Contact Lenses)?' Uyu ni umwanzuro w'umuntu ku giti cye. Hariho ibyiza n'ibibi kuri byombi.

Indorerwamo (Indorerwamo z'amaso):

• Ibyiza:
• Biroroshye cyane kwambara no gukuramo. Nta myitozo yihariye ikenewe.
• Kubera ko ijisho ritakozweho ako kanya, ibyago byo kwandura ni bike cyane.
• Gusana bike. Nta "bisubizo" byihariye bikenewe, hanagura gusa hanyuma ubikomeze gusukura.
• Ushobora guhitamo hagati y'amabara atandukanye, `(ishusho)`, n'andi mabara. Byongera ikintu gishya ku isura yawe.
• Ni byiza ku bafite amaso yumye kandi bafite allergie.
• Ibibi:
• Bishobora kugorana gukora siporo cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri imwe n'imwe, kandi ushobora kunyerera ukagwa.
• Mu gihe cy'imvura, igihu gishobora kubaho iyo uvuye ahantu hashyushye ujya ahantu hakonje.
• Hari abantu bashobora kumva bafite uburemere mu maso ndetse n'ikibyimba ku mpande zombi z'izuru ryabo.
• Kureba mu nkengero z'umubiri bishobora kuba bibujijwe gato n'inyuma y'umubiri.
• Hari abantu bashobora kumva batameze neza ku bijyanye n'uko basa.

Amarangi yo kubonana:

• Ibyiza:
• Ntabwo isa n'indorerwamo ku maso, itanga isura isanzwe.
• Biroroshye cyane ku bakina siporo kandi bakabaho mu buzima busanzwe. Nta mbogamizi zibaho mu gihe cyo kwiruka cyangwa gusimbuka.
• Nta mbogamizi ku kureba ku ruhande. Urwego rwo kureba rurangiye.
• Ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe, nko kurwara indwara ya Myopia ikabije, no kutagira aho umuntu ahuriye n’imboni nka Keratoconus, indorerwamo zishobora gutanga amaso meza kandi meza.
• Nta kibazo cy'imvura cyangwa igihu.
• Ibibi:
• Ugomba kwitonda cyane ku isuku. Niba udasukuye neza indorerwamo zawe, niba utazikuyemo usinziriye, kandi niba utazikoresheje nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse, ushobora kwandura indwara zikomeye z'amaso (`(indwara zikomeye z'amaso)`) ndetse n'ibisebe byo mu maso. Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane!
• Bifata igihe kugira ngo umuntu amenyere kwambara no kuyikuramo, bisaba imyitozo.
• Abantu bafite amaso yumye bashobora kugira ububabare, gutukura no kwishimagura.
• Bishobora kuba bihenze gato kurusha indorerwamo (bitewe n'igiciro cy'indorerwamo n'umuti ugomba gusimburwa kenshi).
• Ugomba kuzikuramo mbere yo kuryama (nubwo hari ubwoko bwihariye bwa "lenses zambaraho", ariko na zo zigirwa inama na muganga gusa).

Ni gute wakwita ku ndorerwamo n'indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses)?

Ni ingenzi cyane kwita kuri ibi bikoresho bibiri bigufasha kugira amaso meza, bitabaye ibyo ntuzabishobora kubyungukiramo neza, kandi `(Contact Lenses)` ishobora no kwangiza amaso yawe.

Niba indorerwamo ari:

• Iyo idakoreshwa, yibike mu "gasanduku" kabigenewe. Muri ubwo buryo, ntabwo ishobora gushwanyagurika cyangwa kuvunika.
• Sukura gusa ukoresheje igitambaro cyoroshye (igitambaro cya microfiber) n'umuti wihariye wo gusukura lenzi. Ntugasukure ukoresheje inguni y'ishati, sari, cyangwa agatambaro, kuko bishobora gushwanyaguza lenzi.
• Mu gihe ushyira indorerwamo ku meza, ntuyishyiremo indorerwamo zireba hasi, kuko zishobora gushwanyagurika.
• Ntukasukure indorerwamo cyangwa amabara y'indorerwamo zawe ukoresheje amasabune cyangwa imiti isukura cyane.

Indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses (uzirikane ibi!)

Ntukigere ukoraho, shyiramo, cyangwa ngo ukuremo "Contact Lenses" zawe utabanje gukaraba intoki neza n'isabune n'amazi hanyuma ukazihanagura n'igitambaro gisukuye! Iri ni ryo tegeko rya mbere.

• Sukura gusa, wica udukoko, kandi ubike indorerwamo zawe ukoresheje umuti wica udukoko wasabwe na muganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'amaso. Ntuzigere winika, woza, cyangwa ngo ushyire indorerwamo zawe mu mazi ya robine, mu macupa, mu macandwe, cyangwa mu muti wa saline wakorewe mu rugo. Ibi bishobora gutwara mikorobe zishobora gutera indwara zikomeye.
• Komeza isuku y'agasanduku ka "Contact Lens" kawe ukuraho agasanduku wakoreshaga buri munsi, ukakaraba n'agasanduku gashya, ukagashyira mu mwuka hanyuma ukareka kakuma. Hindura agasanduku nibura rimwe mu mezi atatu.
• Menya neza ko wakuyemo indorerwamo zawe mbere yo kuryama, kwiyuhagira, cyangwa koga (muri pisine cyangwa mu nyanja).
• Ntugakoreshe `(lens)` imwe mu gihe kirenze igihe cyagenwe na muganga wawe (urugero, `(lens ikoreshwa buri munsi)` ni umunsi umwe, `(lens)` ya buri kwezi ni ukwezi kumwe). Ntugakoreshe `(lens)` yarengeje igihe.
• Niba amaso yawe atukura, aryana, ababara, adasobanutse, cyangwa afite amase, kuramo indorerwamo z'amaso yawe vuba vuba ujya kwa muganga. Ntugasubizemo kugeza igihe muganga wawe azakubwiriye.
• Ntugasangire indorerwamo zawe n'umuntu uwo ari we wese, cyangwa ngo wambare indorerwamo z'undi muntu.

Niba ikintu nk'iki kibaye, jya kwa muganga! (Ibirango bitukura)

Hari igihe impinduka nto mu maso zishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ikibazo gikomeye. Rero witondere cyane ibyo ubwirwa, kuko kuvurwa hakiri kare rimwe na rimwe bishobora gukumira gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba.

• Niba ugize ikibazo cyo kutabona neza cyangwa kutabona neza (mu jisho rimwe cyangwa yombi).
• Niba ufite ububabare bukomeye mu maso .
• Niba amaso yawe yumva ari ubururu cyane ku buryo utabasha kureba urumuri cyangwa niba amaso yawe adashobora kwihanganira urumuri (`(urumuri)`).
• Iyo amaso atukura, abyimbye, ahora ashwanyagurika, cyangwa asohoka nk'ibibyimba.
• Niba ubonye utudomo twinshi tw’umukara, insinga, cyangwa insinga z’ibitagangurirwa zireremba imbere y’amaso yawe, cyangwa niba ubona urumuri rumuritse.
• Iyo ubonye ibintu bibiri (`(amaso abiri)`) maze bigatangira mu buryo butunguranye.
• Niba igice cy'aho umuntu abona ibintu gisa n'aho cyazimiye (nk'aho umwenda waguye).

Niba ikintu nk'iki kibaye , hita ubonana n'umuganga w'amaso bidatinze cyangwa ngo ugerageze imiti yo mu rugo.

Dore ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo kwibuka mu byo twavuzeho (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo):

None se, twavuze byinshi ku maso, indorerwamo, na '(Contact Lenses)' uyu munsi, si byo se? Muri make ibi byose, dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Amaso ya buri wese aratandukanye, bityo ni ibisanzwe ko hari abantu bakeneye indorerwamo, kandi nta mpamvu yo kugira isoni.
• Niba ubonye impinduka nke mu kureba kwawe, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga no gusuzumwa amaso yawe. Iyo indwara ibonetse hakiri kare, biroroha kuyivura kandi ushobora kurinda amaso yawe.
• Hitamo niba wambara indorerwamo cyangwa contact lenses ukurikije imibereho yawe, ibyo ukunda, ibyo ukeneye, n'inama za muganga wawe.
• Niba wambaye indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses), menya neza ko witonze cyane kugira ngo uzigire isuku. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano w'amaso yawe! Ntukigere ubifata nk'ikintu cyoroshye.
• Amaso ni ingingo z'agaciro cyane kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo kumva. Rero uzifate neza! Ibintu nk'imirire ikwiye, gusinzira bihagije, no kuruhuka kuri mudasobwa nabyo ni ingenzi ku buzima bw'amaso.

Ndizera ko aya makuru yagufashije. Niba ufite ibindi bibazo, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga.

Indorerwamo z'amaso, Indorerwamo zo mu maso, Ubumuga bwo kutabona neza, Myopia, Hyperopia, Astigmatism, Presbyopia, Isuzuma ry'amaso, Ubuzima bw'amaso, Amakosa yo kugarura urumuri